View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:Significant weight reduction, achieved by low-calorie diet (LCD), will mobilise ectopic fat (visceral and particularly liver fat), improving insulin sensitivity and other metabolic syndrome components, with secondary beneficial effects on cardiac structure and function. This CALIBRATE study (metabolic, multi-organ and effects of low-calorie diet in younger obese patients with pre-diabetes) will compare the effects of a safe and effective 12-month weight management intervention, initially using a low-calorie, liquid replacement diet for 12 weeks, anticipating at least 10% reduction in body weight. The investigators will examine how much the weight loss improves the metabolic abnormalities that precede type 2 diabetes (T2D), and in reversing the pre-clinical/subtle clinical abnormalities of the liver and heart that precede liver and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study will compare the effects of a safe and effective 12-month weight management intervention, initially using a low-calorie, liquid replacement diet for 12 weeks, followed by a weight maintenance phase. The investigators will examine how much the weight loss improves the metabolic and neuropathic abnormalities that precede and accompany type 2 diabetes (T2D), and in reversing the pre-clinical/subtle clinical abnormalities of the liver and heart that precede liver and cardiovascular disease. In an additional optional sub-study, the investigators will additionally assess how the weight loss impacts upon appetite regulation within the brain with functional MRI (fMRI).
Obesity is associated with a variety of co-morbidities. Children with obesity are more likely to have risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and CVD risk markers (e.g. hypertension, elevated serum cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes mellitus), but also with organ specific pathologies such as a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A recent meta-analysis has shown that the prevalence of NAFLD in obese pediatric populations is approximately 35%, compared to approximately 8% in general pediatric population, making it a very important health threat in these populations. Successful pharmacological interventions to treat or prevent NASH are not yet available and so far only weight loss has clear benefits. However, it is well known that sustained weight-loss is difficult to achieve on the longer-term. The investigators recently demonstrated in mice that plant sterol and stanol ester consumption inhibited the development of liver inflammation. Moreover, Javanmardi et al. recently demonstrated in a population of adult NAFLD patients, that plasma concentrations of Alanine Transaminase (ALT) were reduced after daily plant sterol consumption (1.6 g/d) for 6 weeks. In this study, the investigators propose to evaluate the effect of consuming soft chews enriched with plant stanol esters (3 grams/day) on ALT concentrations in children with overweight or (morbid) obesity who are at risk of developing NAFLD, in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double blinded study with an intervention period and follow-up period of 6 months. 52 overweight and obese children with elevated ALT concentrations (>39 U/L for boys and >33 U/L for girls) will be included. All children will be randomly allocated to consume control or plant stanol ester enriched soft chews on a daily basis for a period of 6 months. After 12 months there will be an additional blood sample to evaluate whether the 6 months intervention is still effective.
As rural Canada is a resource poor health service environment, we propose to test whether an OPTIFAST dietary replacement intervention, without the service intensive behavioural component, can cause partial remission of DMII in patients with obesity and DMII.
The study aims to clarify if GERD, defined by results of 24 hours potential of hydrogen (pH) monitoring and abnormal DeMeester Score (DMS), in obese patients could worsen after Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) more than after RYGBP. To demonstrate this hypothesis, the investigators will study the obese population suspected for GERD with 24 hours monitoring and High-Resolution Esophageal Manometry (HRM). DMS is calculated pre-operatively and, once GERD is confirmed, the patients are enrolled for randomization to SG or RYGBP. The suspicion of GERD is investigated with the GERDQ score and EGDS, that all obese patients have pre-operatory.
This past century witnessed a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity. successful maintenance of weight loss is defined as losing at least 10% of the initial body weight and maintaining it for at least one year. However, keeping the low body weight is rarely maintained, as 80% of people who lost 10% of their body weight will return to their initial weight within a year. Although there is no agreement as to what contributes to the recurrent weight regain phenomenon (also known as 'weight cycling' or 'yo-yo diet'), it is strongly associated with the risk of developing metabolic risk factors and their complications including heart disease and all-cause mortality. Altering the gut microbiota is one method to treat disease states associated with gut bacteria. For instance, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) or fecal bacteriotherapy, is the process of transferring stool from a healthy donor to another. Although numerous individual microbes have been identified as related to obesity, multiple studies suggest that loss of microbial diversity has a stronger impact on the development of metabolic dysfunction, this diversity may be restored by FMT. This study will determine whether microbiome modulation might be a possible future target against recurrent obesity in humans and whether orally administered FMT from a lean donor, post weight loss might be an effective intervention to prevent weight regain.
The global epidemic of childhood obesity, with the accompanying rise in the prevalence of endocrine, metabolic, and cardiovascular comorbidities in youth, represents one of the most important public health issues of the modern world. Nevertheless, a distinct subgroup of youth with obesity less prone to the development of metabolic disturbances, called "metabolically healthy obese" (MHO), has come into focus. Defining the MHO subpopulation within the youth with obesity is of high importance in order to elucidate the mechanisms protecting against the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, and for its clinical, preventive, and therapeutic decision-making implications. Little is known about the mechanisms of development of metabolic disturbance in pediatric obesity. Cardiac autonomic function, which can be measured non-invasively with heart rate variability (HRV), has been suggested as a potential mechanism underlying the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. The aims of the present study were to investigate clinical, anthropometric, and socio-demographic and lifestyle predictors of MHO in this group and to asses correlation between HRV and the metabolic syndrome progression or improvement , in order to reveal if HRV can serve as a predictor to metabolic disturbance in pediatric obesity population Materials and Methods The study will be performed in the Nutrition and Obesity Clinic of the Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit at "Dana Dwek" Children's Hospital. All children and adolescents that that will be admitted to our clinic between January 2021 to December 2022 will include in the study. sociodemographic parameters will be collected from the medical files.Blood will be drawn for complete metabolic assesment. MUO children will be defined according to the recent international definition. Resting HRV will be measured by Pulse Oximeter (BM2000A/Shanghai Berry Electronic Tech Co., Ltd.). The measurement will be performed twice - at two consecutive visits at the clinic, as part as the routine follow up of the patient every 3 months.
The objective of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in our surgical population and their relationship in postoperative complications after complex abdominal wall surgery and its influence on hernia recurrence. This is a retrospective study on a prospective maintains database of complex abdominal wall surgery. We select patients with defects larger than 10 cm from any location (W3 of the EHS classification), excluding other causes of complex abdominal wall in order to have a more homogeneous sample. Pre-surgical computed tomography (CT) scans of the selected patients will be reviewed to establish the diagnosis of sarcopenia, obesity, sarcopenia-obesity or the absence of these (normal). The CT scans will be reviewed by two trained investigators, blinded to postoperative complications and survival. In case of disagreement, a third investigator will break the tie. The radiological diagnosis of sarcopenia has been established based on the skeletal muscle mass index. Skeletal muscle mass measurement will be performed in a cross-section in the pre-surgical CT scan at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3). The BMI, the Visceral Fat Area and the Subcutaneous Fat Area (SFA) will also be measured. With the previous data, the VFA / SFA ratio will be calculated. The study will be completed with the collection of sociodemographic data, comorbidities and presence of risk factors for the development of incisional hernia, ASA, size and location of the hernia, surgical technique, postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo, stay, readmission, late complications and hernia recurrence. Likewise, the presence or absence of recurrence will be collected. Statistical analysis will be performed to see if there is a correlation between sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity with the appearance of local and systemic complications and recurrence. To evaluate the independent contribution of each variable to the presence of complications, a univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis will be performed.
The purpose of this study is to analyse the potential benefits of ingesting a commercially available pre-workout multi-ingredient supplement providing ~90 Kcal. for 25g of powder: carbohydrates -isomaltulose, fructose, maltodextrin- 15 g, essential amino-acids -Beta-alanine -L-arginine AKG, L-Leucine, Taurine, L-citrulline- 6.8 g, Creatine monohydrate: 2g, Guarana Extract: 800mg, total caffeine: 160mg, and Magnesium: 112.5mg) vs Placebo CHO intake on body composition, physical performance, Happiness Score (specially designed by our sponsor company, including different self-reported and validated tests on their short form) and every workout: Self-perceived energy feeling and adherence to the intervention.
When taking care of an emergency patient (Emergency Reception Service: UAS and Urgent Medical Assistance Service: SAMU), the installation of a peripheral venous route (VVP) is an important step. The benchmark method is the most widely used technique. This vascular access will allow the necessary therapy to be delivered quickly and efficiently. This can be difficult and sometimes doomed to failure for reasons related both to the patient (venous capital not very visible / felt or limited due to the profile of the patient), or sometimes also for reasons related to the patient. environment (limited lighting, difficult patient access). The only current alternatives lie in the use of a device such as the Intra-Bone Device (IID) or the installation of a central venous line. On the other hand, these alternatives are particularly invasive and / or very algogenic. There are other techniques, which are more affordable and "transportable" outside the hospital. Indeed, trans-illumination with a very short training seems to be a particularly interesting alternative. It allows, thanks to LEDs in contact with the skin, to backlight the superficial veins. It is proposed through this project to evaluate this tool for a category of patients considered "difficult" to infuse, both within hospital and outside hospital. The main objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the transillumination device, compared to the absence of such a device, on the placement of a peripheral venous line (PVP) in patients with a difficult vascular approach and managed in the emergency room and whose clinical condition does not require the installation of an intraosseous device. This is a multicenter, prospective, controlled, randomized and open clinical study, according to a cross-over design. The intervention evaluated is the placement of a PVR using the trans-illumination device. The control intervention is the placement of a PVR without this device, according to the reference method, which is the benchmark method. 400 patients presenting to the emergency room will be included in the centers of Nancy, Toul and Pont-à-Mousson. Depending on their randomization group, nurses will perform peripheral venous insertion by the transillumination method or by the control method.
The investigators' study published in 2020 (Pekar, M. et al.: The risk of sarcopenia 24 months after bariatric surgery - assessment by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA): a prospective study; Videosurgery Miniinv 2020; https://doi.org/10.5114/wiitm.2020.93463) shows that patients are at risk of sar-copenia after bariatric-metabolic (BM) surgery. BM surgery leads to significant changes in body composition. Significant fat loss is followed by unwanted muscle loss. The study shows that the lack of physical activity is typical for these patients. To the algorithm of postoperative care the investigators plan to include controlled exercise programs for these patients. The investigators do not know what the complexity and time required to keep patients in good condition and reduce the risk of sarcopenia is. The investigators want to find the adequate amount of physical activity while maintaining long-term compliance of these patients.