View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:A quasi-experimental study developed in sedentary morbidly obese men and women (age 43.6±11.3 y; body mass index [BMI] ≥40 kg/m2) were assigned to a CT group of ET plus RT (ET+RT; n=19; BMI 47.8±16.7) or RT plus ET order group (RT+ET; n=17; BMI 43.0±8.0). Subjects of both groups received eight exercise sessions over four weeks. Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate at rest [HR], and pulse pressure [PP] measurements before and after 10 minutes postexercise. Secondary outcomes were other anthropometric, body composition, metabolic, and physical condition parameters. Using the ∆SBP reduction, and quartile categorization (Q) in 'high' (Rs: quartile 4), 'moderate' (MRs: quartile 3), 'low' (LRs: quartile 2), and 'nonresponders' (NRs: quartile 1) were reported.
The ADVANCE clinical trial compared three recommended first-line regimens two containing dolutegravir head-to-head and demonstrated virological non-inferiority at 48- and 96-weeks respectively1,2, paving the way for the mass- introduction of dolutegravir-containing regimens across low- and- middle-income countries. The dolutegravir-containing regimens in ADVANCE were very well tolerated and demonstrated remarkable viral re-suppression in patients with viraemia when adherence measures were instituted, even in the presence of genotypically-documented resistance1,2. Across Africa, including South Africa, and in many other low- and middle-income countries, the combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine (or emtricitabine) /dolutegravir has been rolled out to millions of patients, much of this with Unitaid support to research, programmes and communities. Most ADVANCE patients have since transitioned out of the study and are on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/dolutegravir in South African public sector clinics in central Johannesburg. One of the unanticipated findings of ADVANCE and the concomitant Unitaid-supported NAMSAL3 study in Cameroon, as well as analyses of registration studies and observational studies, was the consistent finding that patients on dolutegravir experience significant weight gain and new-onset obesity. It remains unclear whether this is a feature of the integrase inhibitor class (and aggravated by tenofovir alafenamide), or whether other factors are at play - it is possible that HIV infection itself may predispose to weight gain in successfully treated patients, and other antiretrovirals may alter weight trajectories. The signal has been met with alarm by the public health community, as many countries where TLD is being rolled out are experiencing a parallel obesity epidemic. Obesity is strongly associated with adverse outcomes, including diabetes, cardio-vascular-disease (CVD), sleep apnoea, gastrointestinal and muscular-skeletal disorders, asthma, poor pregnancy outcomes, many cancers, mental health issues, and poor COVID-19 outcomes. In many countries with large antiretroviral programmes, these concurrent epidemics have significant public health and financial implications, and clarification of the extent of the obesity signal is urgent.
The planned research is to analyze the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) before and after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). The study includes patients with BMI above 40 kg / m2 without symptoms of GERD before surgery and any pathological changes in gastroscopy. The day before the surgery, patients will be tested with impedance pH measurement. Thereafter, patients will undergo SG according to standard technique. As part of the follow-up 6 months after the surgery, the pH-measurement test with impedance again will be performed again for evaluation of the occurrence of GERD after surgery. It was planned to include 50 people in the study. The main aim of the study is to assess the frequency and quality of GERD in patients after SG.
Background: One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is an emerging type of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS). Our study aimed to evaluate the short-term (≤30-day) postoperative safety of OAGB. Methods: Electronic medical records of all OAGBs performed between January 2017 and December 2021 at a high-volume bariatric center in Israel were scanned using the MDClone software. Data regarding patients' characteristics, surgical procedure, ≤30-day postoperative complications, and their classification according to Clavien-Dindo grade were gathered. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors related to early postoperative complications after OAGB. Results: A total of 6,722 patients underwent a primary (74.1%) or revisional (25.9%) OAGB procedure at our institution during the study period. Their preoperative mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 40.6±11.5 years and 41.2±4.6 kg/m2, respectively, and 75.0% were females. Respective mean operating time and length of stay were 67.3±26.6 minutes and 2.2±1.4 days. Complications occurred in 258 patients (3.8%), and include mainly bleeding (n=133, 2.0%), leaks (n=32, 0.5%), and obstruction/strictures (n=19, 0.3%). According to Clavien-Dindo classification, complication rate for grades 1-2 and grades 3a-5 were 1.6%; and 1.4%, respectively. The mortality rate was 0.03% (n=2). The rate of readmission and reoperation were 1.9% and 0.9%, respectively. Age ≥60 years, ≥3 hours of operating room time, and cholecystectomy concomitant with OAGB were independent predictors of early post-OAGB complications. Conclusions: OAGB was found to be a safe primary and revisional BMS procedure in the ≤30-day postoperative term. The most common early complications were gastrointestinal bleeding (2.0%), leak (0.5%), and stricture (0.3%).
One -third of fertile women around the world are overweight or obese. This means increasing risk for both the mother and the child. Fat tissue is a factor in gestational DM development and the increase in material inflammation and oxidative stress. According to new knowledge, it is an important need to examine molecules that are not handled in new and human research in these mechanisms in fat and placenta tissues in obesity. For this purpose, the examination of the expression of gasdermin-D and pannex-1 proteins, which are shown to be produced in the cells of both tissues, is worth investigating in human fat tissue and placenta. Gasdermins and pannexins are proteins intersecting by interacting in cellular functions. Gasdermins cause piroptosis, a type of litic proinflammatory cell death. Pannexin-1 plays in various cellular functions, including inflammation. These are examined in a small number of in vitro studies in material fat tissue and placenta, and the design of this study in people whose applications are applied is original in humans. The status of the expressions of the gasdermin-D and pannexin-1 proteins, which will be examined for the first time in obese pregnant women's fat and placental tissues, are the subject of this research with each other and their relationship with other maternal and neonatal data.
Despite the worldwide increase of both obesity and use of minimally invasive liver surgery(MILS), evidence regarding the safety and eventual benefits of MILS in obese patients is scarce. The aim of this study is therefore to compare the outcomes of non-obese and obese patients(BMI 18.5-29.9 and BMI≥30, respectively) undergoing MILS and OLS, and to assess trends in MILS use among obese patients. In this retrospective cohort study, patients operated at 20 hospitals in eight countries(2009-2019) will be included and the characteristics and outcomes of non-obese and obese patients will be compared. Thereafter, the outcomes of MILS and OLS were compared in both groups after propensity-score matching(PSM). Changes in the adoption of MILS during the study period will be investigated.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing rapidly in China. China currently has ~130 million diabetes cases, and over 90% are T2DM. T2DM is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, posing substantial clinical and public health challenges. Reversing T2DM with a significant amount of weight loss via consuming a low-calorie diet is possible, but no studies have been conducted to determine whether low-calorie diets will help achieve significant weight loss and diabetes remission among Chinese patients with T2DM. The investigators design a pilot study to assess the feasibility of a low-calorie diet intervention program on weight loss and diabetes remission in a Chinese population with T2DM.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in reproductive-aged women， which associated with increased risks to develop metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cerebrovascular diseases. The precise pathogenesis of PCOS remains unknown but is thought to be multifactorial, comprising genetic and environmental factors .
The assessment of health status and physical function is fundamental in patients with obesity, as they play an important role among the various factors influencing the quality of life in this population. Several studies have shown an association between high BMI values and a significant deterioration in quality of life, especially in women. Excess body fat in obese patients seems to be responsible for muscle atrophy. This causal link is probably related to dysfunctions in adipose tissue, leading to a decrease in the expression of proteins responsible for muscle contraction. The recent literature highlights an alteration in quality of life, particularly in obese and elderly subjects, for which changes in muscle function are partly responsible. Changes in muscle function can be assessed by simple, rapid and non-invasive tools. They could be used to identify obese subjects at risk of they could be used to identify obese subjects at risk of muscle atrophy, to stratify the risk, and to propose prophylactic intervention or early management. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the association between structural alteration of the quadriceps and quality of life in obese patients. The secondary objectives are to evaluate : - The association between quadriceps thickness and quality of life ; - The association between grip strength and quality of life ; - The association between quadriceps strength and quality of life ; - The association between quadriceps strength and ultrasound measurements of the quadriceps. This is a prospective, monocenter, observationnal and cohort study. All outpatients for nutrition assessment will be included.
The prevalence of maternal obesity is increasing rapidly worldwide and constitutes an important obstetric problem that increases mortality and morbidity in both mothers and infants. Obese women are prone to pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and children of obese mothers are more likely to develop cardiovascular and metabolic disease later in life. The risk of developing GDM in obese pregnants is 1.3-3.8 times higher than in pregnant women with a normal body mass index, and approximately 70% of women with GDM remain at risk of developing type 2 diabetes until 28 years postpartum. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 6% of pregnant women and its prevalence is increasing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. GDM is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including macrosomia, preterm delivery, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal jaundice, and congenital anomalies. It is also associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus after birth. It is known that visceral adipose tissue increases in obese women. It is thought that there is a relationship between visceral adipose tissue increase and diabetes. In this study, the levels of new adipocytokines such as Visfatin, Vaspin and Omentin secreted from visceral adipose tissue in patients diagnosed with GDM will be measured.