View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:Many factors during laparascopic surgery leads to PONV (postoperative nausea and vomiting), such as C02 insufflations causing peritoneal stretch and irritation and type of anaesthesia given during surgery. The two anesthetic techniques used in bariatric surgery are gas anesthesia (Remifentanil TCI and Desfluran) and Total Intra Venous Anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol. There are studies which have shown a reduction in postoperative nausea and vomiting following TIVA, and there are publications showing no statistically significant difference. The aim of this study was to investigate the best anaesthetic approach for obese subjects, evaluating awakening time, postoperative nausea and pain. Our hypothesis was based on the fact that Propofol is a lipid-soluble anesthetic and therefore might have a prolonged effect in obese patients, leading to a longer awakening time along with postoperative nausea and vomiting. This hypothesis is also described earlier by obese patients have more depots (bulk fat) and also more fat surface making anaesthetics storage more easier, and also that the anesthetic will return into the circulation when the administration is stopped [18].
This study is looking at the safety and effectiveness of stool transplant, also known as Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) and prebiotic supplementation in the management of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a common progressive medical condition that is linked to obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are associated with abnormalities in gut flora which lead to chronic inflammation. This chronic inflammation is thought to worsen the insulin resistance and heart disease seen with metabolic syndrome. Current treatment strategies have shown limited effect, are expensive, and have side effects with long-term use. FMT is a one-time treatment that has been shown to replace the abnormal gut flora and improve metabolic disease by increasing anti-inflammatory short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. However, the effects from FMT are not permanent. Prebiotic supplementation is one strategy that may help to extend the benefits of FMT by helping sustain high SCFA levels. At this point, it is not known how FMT and prebiotics work together to affect SCFA levels in participants with metabolic syndrome. This study will look at this interaction and answer if prebiotic therapy is effective in prolonging the benefits of FMT in participants with metabolic syndrome.
A crucial factor in evaluating the risk of dioxins, and related endocrine disruptor compounds (dioxins for short) in the human population is the accumulation of these chemicals in the human body. Human data on tissue background levels is extremely limited, and there are no studies in UK populations, although there are several European studies looking at blood levels of dioxins. Adipose tissue concentrations were 139 ng of TEQ (total dioxin-like compounds) per kg lipid weight (5.4 ± 4.6 ng of TCDD per kg lipid weight). However, given the different dietary habits of Japanese populations, compared to European populations, these estimates may differ considerably from UK values. Thus determining human tissue concentrations of dioxins is an important issue for assessing the risk to public health from these compounds, and this information is currently lacking for European populations. This information will also guide and inform the necessity fro continued measures to reduce the environmental dioxin levels in the UK. Aims Primary outcomes: 1. Investigation of the toxicodynamics of/dioxin distribution in adipose of a morbidly obese and comparative control population 2. Characterisation of the burden of dioxins in liver and adipose tissue, and the relationship with blood levels of dioxins, in a UK population Secondary outcome: Determining whether bariatric surgery-induced weight loss causes an increase in tissue concentration of dioxin-like compounds The primary aims of this study will yield useful information to refine the risk assessment process for the obese population. Experimental Methodology This proposal seeks to examine thirty non-obese patients taking liver (500mg) and adipose tissue (visceral and subcutaneous: 40g each) samples at the time of gastric/abdominal surgery; and thirty obese patients, taking liver (500mg) and adipose tissue (visceral and subcutaneous: 40g each) samples at the time of undertaking Roux -en-y bariatric surgery. Weight and bioimpedance and a food diary will be performed prior to surgery. A further body weight and bioimpedance will be undertaken at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months from the obese population. A subcutaneous adipose biopsy will be taken under local anaesthetic from these individuals at after bariatric surgery (minimum of 10% body weight loss). A record of weight loss since bariatric surgery will documented with the change in body composition. The statistical power for seeing an effect of gastroplasty, assuming a coefficient of variation of TEQ measurements of 75% and an increase in TEQ of two-fold, is 90% at P<0.05 for a population of thirty individuals. Should subjects need additional surgery (eg. cholecystectomy, diagnostic laproscopy) either as a consequence of bariatric surgery or for any other reasons during the 24 month following initial operation, a liver biopsy and visceral fat biopsy will be taken during the future surgery. If subjects undergo abdominal wall surgeries (eg. Apronectomy, ventral hernia repair) in the 24 months following initial bariatric surgery, an subcutaneous fat biopsy will be taken during the future surgery.
Obesity is associated with low testosterone in men and with dyslipidemia. Adropin hormone is negatively correlated with body mass index and is associated with dyslipidemia. correlation between adropin and testosterone will be evaluated.
Currently, the best behavioral treatments for obesity only work for 50% of adults, and of those who initially succeed, most do not maintain their weight loss. One reason for this failure may be due to neurocognitive deficits found among individuals with obesity, particularly related to executive function, which make it difficult for these adults to adhere to treatment recommendations. The proposed study aims to develop a Novel Executive Function Treatment (NEXT), which when administered prior to the behavioral treatment, could help improve outcomes by addressing the neurocognitive deficits in adults with overweight or obesity.
This is a multi-center, prospective study evaluating a treatment for obesity.
The coadyouvant efficacy of a combination of cosmetics ingredients in the form of a lipolytic cream with hypocaloric diet and physical activity were assessed and compared with with hypocaloric diet and physical activity for overweight and obesity treatment in patients.
MapTrek is a mobile-phone-based web app that allows participants to take a virtual walk in interesting locations around the world while tracking their progress against the progress of other veterans on an interactive map. Steps are counted using a commercially available triaxial accelerometer (e.g. Fitbit), and users see their own updated progress overlaid on Google Maps, with Google Maps features (e.g. zooming, street view, etc.) available. The objective is to report activity levels in the virtual environment to veterans, thereby encouraging them first, to walk more every day, and second, to maintain these new increased levels of physical activity.
Background: Previous studies report 0.4-1.5kg of weight gain during the holiday season, which may contribute to annual weight gain. Purpose: To test whether daily self-weighing (DSW) can prevent holiday weight gain. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that daily self-weighing would effectively prevent weight and fat gain, and that individuals with overweight and obesity would respond most favorably to DSW.
The Investigators will measure hepatic glucose and fat metabolism in obese girls with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and hepatic steatosis (HS) after taking 4 weeks of an essential amino acid (EAA) supplement or placebo and test whether the EAA supplement can improve hepatic glucose metabolism in these girls.