View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:This project will examine the feasibility and acceptability of Enhanced Project Health, a dissonance-based obesity intervention, and whether this intervention results in significantly greater reductions in weight and improvements in lifestyle behaviors than an assessment only condition. Participants will be young adults enrolled in college.
The investigators aim to establish a protocol for metabolic rate measurements obtained using continuous monitoring of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production in a whole room calorimeter setting.
In this study the investigators wish to evaluate the glucose metabolism in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in young healthy men (aged 18-35). The investigators wish to validate a novel MR modality - Deuterium Metabolic Imaging (DMI), which is a non-radioactive, non-invasive method that allows for spatial as well as metabolic imaging after oral administration of deuterium-labelled glucose. Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen that can be bound to different metabolites, in this case glucose. This method allows for metabolic imaging and production of 2H MR spectra of metabolites downstream from glucose uptake that can be quantified. DMI has not yet been used to evaluate BAT in humans. Currently, FDG PET/CT is the most widely used method for BAT evaluation in humans, but due to the radiation-exposure associated with FDG PET/CT repetitive studies of BAT in healthy subjects are limited. Therefore, new in vivo methods (preferably non-invasive) are warranted. However, since FDG PET/CT is the most widely used method, the investigators wish to use this modality as reference. The investigators plan to screen 10-12 subjects with an individualized cooling protocol and FDG PET/CT. Only the BAT positive subjects will be included in the DMI study. In the DMI study, the BAT positive subjects will enter in a randomized two-phased cross-over study. The subjects will have 2 DMI scans performed after ingestion of deuterium-labelled glucose; one after 2h of cooling, another in thermoneutrality. Primary outcome is the differences in glucose metabolites between cooling and thermoneutrality. The investigators hypothesize that during cooling uptake of glucose and its metabolites such as glutamine/glutamate and water may be enhanced. Moreover, glucose metabolism may shift towards anaerobic metabolism with increased lactate production as observed in a previous rodent study by the investigators group.
The study is evaluating the effects of a standard diet to a low carbohydrate diet in obese women after having a baby. The purpose of the study is to determine if a low carbohydrate diet is associated with improvement in insulin sensitivity in postpartum women.
While Food reward is an important component of the appetite control to consider, there is actually no tool that has been developed in French to perform its evaluation. The Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire (LFPQ) is a validated and recognized tool to assess food reward, being however developed for British populations. The aim of this work is to validate a French version of the LFPQ among lean and obese adults.
Total Knee Replacement (TKR) significantly improves function, pain, and overall quality of life in patients with end-stage arthritis of the knee. However, studies show that obesity increases complications and costs associated with TKR. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) clinical guidelines recommend that patients with a BMI > 25kg/m2 lose 5% of their body weight prior to surgery. Consequently, although it is not clear how to patients or providers achieve weight loss in this population, some providers and hospitals decline to perform TKR in patients with obesity. Low Calorie meal replacement diets (LCD) are a feasible way to safely promote short-term weight loss of 8-15% at 3-6 months prior to some elective surgeries. This is a pilot efficacy study to test whether a short-term program using a 3-month LCD leads to weight loss and improved patient reported and functional outcomes. 75 patients eligible for knee replacement surgery and willing to undergo non-operative weight management treatment at NYU Langone Comprehensive Obesity Center. This study will establish feasibility and weight loss outcomes in preparation for a multicenter effectiveness trial.
The study will look at how two different forms of semaglutide reach and stay in the blood after injection. None of the two forms of semaglutide have been approved by the authorities to treat obesity. Participants will get 1 of the 2 forms of semaglutide - which one is decided by chance. Participants will get the medicine as an injection under the skin of the stomach with the use of a pen-injector. The type of pen-injector is different for the two forms of semaglutide. The study staff will teach participants how to inject themselves with the medicine. As part of this training participants will self inject placebo (dummy medication) 3 times. Participants will take an injection once a week and will get 21 injections in total of study medication. The study will last for about 27-30 weeks. Participants will have 25 study visits with the study doctor. For 2 of the visits, participants will stay in the clinic for 3 days and 2 nights. Participants may have to stop the study if the study doctor thinks that there are risks for their health. Women cannot take part if they are pregnant, breast-feeding or planning to become pregnant during the study period.
The project will address health disparities via a community-engaged approach in partnership with black churches. The long-term goals of this integrated project are to: 1) prevent and reduce childhood obesity through improved parenting practices and home environment related to obesity; 2) expand Extension capacity for community-engaged research and collaborative programming with faith-based organizations; 3) enhance Extension strategies for recruiting and training community volunteers to extend Extension reach; and 4) train future health professionals to provide culturally appropriate collaborative community-based health programs. The project will target the school-aged subset (ages 6-11, first through fifth grade) of the USDA target age range of ages 2-19. The 14-month randomized control trial design of the research component will generate new knowledge regarding effectiveness of a integrated family-based intervention enhanced with social and environmental (church) support to prevent obesity in school-aged children. The research design with a financial literacy active control condition and the primary nutrition and physical activity intervention being tested meets two needs expressed by the community partner and allows rigorous evaluation of both Extension programs. It is hypothesized that parents in the intervention group will have higher levels of self-efficacy for obesity-prevention behaviors, parenting practices related to food and physical activity, improved home food and physical activity. The long term impact is to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity.
There are great disparities in the prevalence of obesity and chronic disease in different sociodemographic groups. US Hispanic adults, in particular, have a higher prevalence of obesity and chronic diseases than non-Hispanic whites. Population aging is also a major contributing factor to the high prevalence of chronic disease, and Hispanics already make up approximately 10% of the older population. Therefore, preventive measures are needed to reduce the burden of chronic disease risks for Hispanics. Current lifestyle interventions for weight management have been particularly ineffective in this population. The purpose of this pilot project is to develop a novel tailored lifestyle intervention for use by Hispanic older adults with obesity. The Healthy Weight for Living intervention has been validated among adults with mixed racial/ethnic backgrounds and has achieved clinically impactful weight-loss. Its design features make it particularly suitable for use in populations with low adherence to traditional interventions, including no requirement for daily food logging and no increase in physical activity. The final product of this project will be a culturally adapted prototype intervention in Hispanic older adults that accounts for cultural heterogeneity. This work has direct relevance to reducing health disparities and the burden of obesity-associated chronic disease in a particularly at-risk population.
Previous studies have reported that the 5-HT2C receptor agonist meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) decreases appetite and food intake in humans1-3. 5-HT2C receptor activation inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine release in the brain4, and has also been linked to diabetes5. The specificity of the effect of mCPP on human appetite is unclear, as previous studies also reported an increase in nausea1,3. The drug has also been reported to increase anxiety and cause panic attacks when given in a bolus dose intravenously6. Previous findings in our laboratory showed that mCPP reduced appetite, increased satiety in women and enhanced memory in the P1vital® Oxford Emotional Test Battery3. Following up on these results a food intake and fMRI study was performed, in which it was observed that mCPP decreased intake of a palatable snack (hedonic eating) and dlPFC and insula BOLD responses to food pictures. Additionally it increased memory and food value responses in brain after mCPP administration (Thomas et al submitted). It is well established that eating behaviour is affected by metabolic signals (e.g. insulin, ghrelin, serotonin) and is also modulated via food reward processes7. More recently it has been proposed that eating is also modulated via higher cognitive processes such as inhibitory control, attention, and memory. However, in humans, eating behaviour seems to be a more complex process, which involves habits, long-term goals and social interaction. Thus, cognitive processes appear to play an important role in food consumption. In the proposed study the researchers investigate the effect of administering mCPP, on eating, and on metabolic, reward and cognitive processes and the potential interplay between these functions.