View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:Ageing is characterised by a change in body composition with a parallel decrease in muscle mass and an increase and central redistribution of fat. When drastically exacerbated, these two processes culminate in a condition known as sarcopenic obesity (SO). SO is characterised by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia (i.e. reduced muscle mass and function) and is a growing public health problem in the elderly. The health risks of obesity and sarcopenia act synergistically, maximising the risk of disability of OS. The molecular mechanisms underlying OS are largely unknown. Increased fat mass induces chronic systemic inflammation and alters the profiles of adipokines and hormones, promoting the development of sarcopenia. On the other hand, the reduction in muscle tissue (SM) typical of sarcopenia is characterised by an alteration in the metabolic properties of skeletal muscle with an increase in insulin resistance and a reduction in energy expenditure that favours the accumulation and dysfunction of adipose tissue (AT). The cellular alterations that would seem to underlie OS are: altered autophagy, cellular senescence, epigenetic and mitochondrial alterations and maladaptive activation of intra- and intercellular inflammatory circuits (e.g. cytokines, extracellular vesicles, dysfunctional circulating leukocytes). However, the interconnections between these mechanisms are still unclear. The impact of OS can be dramatic on the health and quality of life of those affected. Therefore, the identification of early biomarkers that can recognise overweight and obese individuals at risk of developing SO is of paramount importance. This would shed light on the heterogeneity of an otherwise homogeneous clinical condition, opening new horizons towards the conscious design of more personalised therapeutic strategies, allowing a more rational use of the limited resources available for the growing elderly population. The study design designed to achieve this aim is a cross-sectional observational study with an additional multicentre procedure lasting two years.
Obesity is classified using body mass index (BMI) (BMI ≥25 overweight, BMI ≥30 obese, BMI ≥40 morbidly obese). Obese patients are Class 1 according to BMI; BMI:30-34.9 and Class 2; BMI: It is classified as 35-39.9. Patients with classes 1 and 2 will be included in the study. Obesity can be accompanied by comorbidities such as atherosclerotic vascular and cardiac pathologies, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, so obesity treatment should be managed multidisciplinary. The basic approach to obesity treatment is diet, exercise, medical treatment, treatment of comorbid conditions and surgery. Aerobic exercise therapy, which is one of the conservative approaches in the treatment of obesity, also has an important place in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases associated with obesity. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (AKD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Negative changes in functional capacity, quality of life and psychosocial situations are observed due to disorders associated with this disease. Physical activity is among the modifiable risk factors in atherosclerotic diseases. However, patients have a fear of movement related to angina-like symptoms, with the thought that the symptoms may recur during exercise. Lack of physical activity due to fear of movement leads to obesity, which in turn leads to aggravation of atherosclerosis and an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular events, which negatively affects individual and psychosocial capacity. Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is a non-invasive procedure that evaluates the individual's capacity during dynamic exercise and provides diagnostic and prognostic information. CPET is based on the investigation of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and cellular response to exercise performed under controlled metabolic conditions. It allows holistic evaluation of the response to exercise, including not only the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems but also the musculoskeletal system. Fear of movement or kinesiophobia; It is defined as a state of fear and avoidance of activity and physical movement resulting from the feeling of sensitivity to painful injury and repeated injury.
Childhood obesity is a major public health problem worldwide. Europe has a high prevalence of obesity, which is accentuated in Mediterranean countries. Spain has a high prevalence of both overweight (percentage: 21.5 in boys and 22.2 in girls) and obesity (percentage: 10.6 in boys and 11.8 in girls) in children aged 6-9 years. From childhood, obesity is associated with an increased risk of diseases such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, musculoskeletal problems, sleep disorders and mental health problems. Obesity is a complex, multi-causal problem involving individual risk factors such as behavior and genetics. Behavioral factors include diet, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, sleep, and others. It is therefore important to study each of the individual risk factors for obesity. There are few large sample studies in European/Spanish children and no longitudinal studies estimating the incidence of obesity in preschool children based on exposure to different risk factors, considering not only the effect of food consumption but also dietary habits and patterns. The aim of the present study is to identify risk factors for childhood obesity through long-term longitudinal follow-up.
This study will determine the combine effects of focused ultrasound cavitation augmented with aerobic exercises. This research could be helpful for the patients who prefer such treatments to make a wise decision that either aerobic exercises in combination with cavitation is the better and much safer treatment option to maintain healthy life.
Safety evaluation of BariaTek Medical gastric restriction and biliodigestive diversion device.
The investigators describe a protocol for a randomized controlled trial to find out the effect and safety of acupoint thread embedding on losing weight in obese patients.
1. Prevalence of osteoarthritis in France Osteoarthritis (OA) is a very common disease, affecting almost 15% of the population. It is responsible for a significant socio-economic cost in connection with the chronic and disabling pain it causes . Gonarthrosis is the most frequently encountered arthritic localization . In a large 2010 meta-analysis, the main risk factors for developing knee OA were shown to be obesity, previous knee trauma, hand OA, female gender and advanced age. Smoking appeared to have a moderate protective effect . The risk of developing gonarthrosis in obese patients is 2.6 times higher than in the general population. Hypercholesterolemia itself is a risk factor for osteoarthritis, as are increased plasma levels of specific fatty acids and lipoproteins Inflammatory mechanism in osteoarthritis. Studies have shown that plasma levels of C-reactive protein, can be used to estimate individual susceptibility to developing osteoarthritis over a lifetime . In osteoarthritis patients, plasma concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 are abnormally high, which appears to contribute to cartilage loss in these subjects . 3. Inflammatory mechanism in obesity. Obesity induces systemic and local joint mechanical stresses that increase the risk of developing gonarthrosis in obese or overweight individuals . Beyond the simple mechanical aspect, a body of evidence supports the assertion that obesity is responsible for a systemic inflammatory state, deleterious to joints. 1) Obesity is associated with radiographic and symptomatic osteoarthritis in non-weight-bearing joints, such as the hand In overweight and obese adults, plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are significantly increased . 3)Weight loss in obese subjects with osteoarthritis alleviates joint symptoms through reduced mechanical stress but also through reduced production and response of inflammatory products . 4. Common inflammatory mechanisms between adipose tissue and obesity. The relationship between adipose tissue and inflammation is complex given the different types of adipose tissue and the action of cells derived from it. Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ composed of mature and developing adipocytes, as well as fibroblasts, endothelial cells and a wide range of immune cells, namely adipose tissue macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, T cells and B cells. Adipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ that secretes a large number of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) and adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin). Communication between adipocytes and immune cells maintains tissue homeostasis. Obesity, however, can upset this balance. Lipid metabolism and joint disorders have been shown to be linked . A high-fat diet may contribute to the development of osteoarthritis . White and brown adipose tissue appear to play a complementary role in the development of osteoarthritis. Increased white adipose tissue in obesity is thought to create a systemic environment of increased inflammation through the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines such as leptin and visfatin, all of which have been associated with osteoarthritis . Locally, white adipocytes in infra patellar adipose tissue are architecturally different in patients without gonarthrosis compared with those with knee osteoarthritis. This difference suggests that adipocyte gene expression is directly influenced by inflammation . In obese individuals, there is elevated IL-6 production in brown adipose tissue . Furthermore, it would appear that brown adipose tissue, unlike white, down-regulates the inflammatory profile of macrophages .
The main purpose of the study is to look at the effect of the study drug compared to placebo on calorie intake, energy metabolism, and appetite. The study will last up to 6 months and may include up to 20 visits.
In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity and overweight has dramatically increased globally, representing a serious problem for society and for the health system of many countries, estimating an impact of 2-8% on global health spending. Obesity and overweight represent a problem not only for adults but also for children and adolescents: the latest data from the WHO estimate that about 340 million children and adolescents between 5 and 19 years are overweight or obese, data that increase drastically since 1975 from 4% of boys to 18% in 2016. (World Health Organization (WHO). The reduction and prevention of overweight and obesity in childhood is one of the main missions of public health at the global level, both for short-term and long-term implications. Recently, the importance of bioprothesiometric analysis (BIA) in the clinical routine has been evaluated, as it allows an estimation of body composition that would not otherwise be provided by the growth curves and the calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI). In this study the investigators want to evaluate, in addition to the classic clinical parameters, the body composition of patients evaluated by means of an impedance balance (named TANITA MC780 MA P). With this study the investigators aim to investigate possible clinical and body composition changes in children and adolescents suffering from overweight and obesity with the ultimate aim of reducing cardio-metabolic risk factors related to it. The objective of the study is the assessment of body composition, as an indicator of accuracy of lean mass, but especially of fat mass, of pediatric patients who are overweight and obesity in order to carry out a more complete evaluation of the clinical-metabolic condition for the prevention of cardiovascular risk. The secondary objective is to assess the dietary compliance of the patients being studied and the possible correlation with the body composition.
This study plans to learn more about metabolic responses to aerobic exercise at different times of the day (morning or evening) under fasting versus fed conditions.