View clinical trials related to Obesity.
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Effect of oral supplementation with Plantago major on cardiometabolic risk factors and mineral content and lifestyle in obese women: double-blind, randomized clinical trial.
BACKGROUND: - Obesity, with its associated comorbidities, is set to become a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the 21st century. To this day, diet and medical therapy have proven only limited efficacy and bariatric surgery remains the last resort for many severely obese patients who wish to lose weight, modify their cardiovascular risk factors and ultimately modify their long-term prognosis. However, bariatric surgery remains associated with significant procedural morbidity and many patients are not eligible for such a surgery procedure as the risk-benefit ratio of bariatric surgery in severe obese patients with coronary artery disease is not yet well known. - Recently, percutaneous left gastric artery embolization has been reported as a promising technique leading to a body weight loss that is equivalent to bariatric surgery. - In the context of an endovascular procedure in obese patients, vascular access is a major concern. Transradial access (or radial artery approach) has been consistently associated with significant reductions in access-site related vascular complications and peri-procedural bleeding compared to the standard transfemoral access (or femoral artery approach). This is particularly evident in patients with severe obesity. - Visceral arteries most often have an acute angulation with the aorta which makes them more easily cannulated from above (transradial access) compared to below (transfemoral access). Preliminary experience has shown that cannulation of the celiac artery is feasible from transfemoral and transradial access, the latter being associated with shorter procedural time and less contrast agent use. To date, several pilot studies have reported successful percutaneous embolization of the left gastric artery with biodegradable microspheres. This appears to be a promising technique to reduce weight in severely obese patients. - Prior to launching a randomized trial, further study is warranted regarding the feasibility and safety aspects of transradial angiography of the celiac artery.
Introduction: It is known that weight loss results in decreased Resting Energy Expenditure (REE), due to a decrease in lean body mass (LBM), but also due to metabolic adaptation, resulting in a higher energy efficiency, responsible for weight regain. Powerlifting athletes submit themselves to caloric restriction before a competition to reach their desired weight category. After cessation of the restrictive diet body mass will quickly return to pre-diet values with a disproportionate gain of fat mass. To avoid fat gain 'reversed dieting' has become popular among athletes. This involves increasing caloric intake in a stepwise fashion with the assumption that the small increases in caloric intake might help to restore energy expenditure toward pre-dieting levels and decrease the chance of increasing fat mass. While anecdotal reports of successful reverse dieting are available, research is needed to evaluate its true efficacy. In addition, if the method would work in non-athletes this could be an important change in the risk of weight regain after a weight loss diet. . Aim: To test the effects of the reverse dieting protocol in the prevention of metabolic adaptation following a period of caloric restriction in weight training athletes. . Methods: A convenience sample of 3 powerlifters is used in this study. They are submitted to a 750kcal/day caloric deficit with a protein intake set at 2x bodyweight (kg) and 30%en from fat for 6 weeks, adjusted weekly. The reverse dieting protocol adds 100kcal during week 1-4 and 150kcal during week 5-8. REE is measured bi-weekly and body composition at day 1 of caloric restriction and day 1 and day 56 of reverse dieting. Exercise is kept constant during the entire period. .
In this study the investigators wish to investigate whether a short duration High-intensity Interval Training(HIT) is superior to a moderate activity training modus with regards to improving weight-loss, Blood pressure and sleep quality in severely obese children and adolescents also receiving a multidisciplinary treatment regime.
The Wellness Champions for Change (WCC) study aims to reduce pediatric obesity among students who attend schools in Maryland by training teacher and student-led wellness teams to increase opportunities for physical activity and healthy eating at school. The study uses a cluster randomized design to allocate 6 schools (3 elementary, 3 middle) in 5 school systems to one of 3 arms: "A" (teacher and student training), "B" (teacher training only), and "C") (delayed teacher training/control). Approximately 36 3rd/6th graders and their caregivers ("evaluation cohort"), 15 4th/7th graders ("student leaders"), and 20 teachers from each school will be recruited in the spring before the intervention. All schools will identify a teacher "Wellness Champion" who will coordinate intervention activities. In "A" and "B" schools, wellness champions will attend a training to learn how to build a wellness team and create more opportunities for students to make healthy choices. In "A" schools, student leaders ("Student Wellness Champions") will meet weekly during lunch with a health educator to receive training as peer leaders and help the Wellness Champion with wellness initiatives. Student leaders in "B" and "C" schools will receive a monthly general Adolescent Health Curriculum. To assess the impact of the teacher and student-led interventions, the evaluation cohort will be followed for 2.5 years, with measures including: anthropometry (height/weight), 7-day accelerometry (physical activity), and validated questionnaires to assess healthy eating. Student leaders will be followed for 1.5 years to assess the impact of their participation, with measures including: anthropometry, 7-day accelerometry, validated questionnaires to assess healthy eating, and validated questionnaires and focus groups to assess leadership/advocacy skills. Teachers will complete validated questionnaires to investigate their perceptions of the school environment, classroom practices, and role modeling skills. Prior to data collection and analysis, participants will be assigned an identification number, and all documents linking participant information to identification numbers will be locked/ password-protected.
Research purpose: The purpose of this pilot study is to assess obese clients for two phenotypes, those testing positive and those testing negative for Food Addiction (FA) (Yale Food Addiction Scale, YFAS) and determining the efficacy of four treatments: usual care (IC, dietary and physical activity instruction), individual motivational interviewing alone (MI), individual MI with pharmacotherapy (MI+P) for improving outcome measures within each phenotype, and pharmacological therapy (P). Background/significance: Obesity has long been an epidemic in the U.S. and other countries. Numerous approaches have been tried to address obesity with limited success. The YFAS is a relatively new, validated instrument that can help researchers and practitioners assess obese clients for food addiction. Meeting the YFAS diagnosis criteria for FA suggests the need for a stronger intervention with close monitoring to assist these clients in self-management of their eating and physical activity behaviors. Proposed methods/approach: The investigators propose assessing obese clients with the YFAS as part of their intake once they are referred to the Healthy Behaviors Clinic by Regional West physicians/practitioners. A nurse researcher with expertise in MI and a nurse practitioner will perform intake assessments, obtain consent and randomly assign participants in each phenotype (positive or negative for FA) to one of three treatment groups (usual care, individual MI alone, and individual MI with pharmacotherapy). Interventions will occur over 6 months. A clinical psychologist with expertise in the YFAS (University of Michigan) will serve as a consultant on this project and a registered dietitian (University of NebraskaLincoln) will serve as a co-investigator. Expected outcomes: The investigators expect that MI and MI+P and P will be more effective in improving outcome measures than IC. We also expect that response to the treatments will differ between the two obesity phenotypes (those testing positive and those testing negative for FA).
An online web-based cross-sectional survey in which participants will complete a distinct questionnaire for patients with hemophilia and obesity (PwHO) and/or their carers/spouses/partners, or a distinct questionnaire for healthcare professionals. Each questionnaire consists of more than 100 items including pre-coded (multiple choice) closed-ended questions, yes/no questions and rating scales. It is estimated that this one-off survey will take approximately 45-60 minutes to complete. As a cross-sectional study, there will be no treatment of patients.
Aging is associated with significant declines in muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, all of which lead to disability, loss of independence, and adverse clinical outcomes. Obesity exacerbates these age-related declines in function and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes and quality of life. Weight loss can also worsen age-related loss of muscle mass and decrease bone mineral density. The overall goals of this study are to determine if the short-term functional benefits of intentional weight loss are sustained long-term, and to examine the long-term benefits and risks of weight loss.
The purpose of the study is to compare effectiveness of different methods of achieving pre-oxygenation in bariatric patients. The investigators intend to compare facemask pre-oxygenation with a high-flow humidified nasal oxygen. The primary outcome measure of interest is time to desaturation to 92% or 18 minutes of apnoea.