Inflammation Clinical Trial
Official title:
Acute Exercise and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Markers in Healthy Male Smokers and Non-Smokers
The present study will investigate the effect of acute exercise on fasting and postprandial
risk markers for coronary heart disease (CHD) in healthy male cigarette smokers and
non-smokers.
Participants will complete two, 2-day trials in a random crossover design separated by an
interval of at least 1 week. On day 1, participants will rest (control) or complete 60 minute
of treadmill exercise at 60% of maximum oxygen uptake (exercise). On day 2, participants will
rest and consume two high fat meals (breakfast and lunch) over an 8-h period during which 13
venous blood samples and nine blood pressure measurements will be taken at pre-determined
intervals.
It is hypothesised that men who smoke cigarettes will exhibit impaired fasting and
postprandial metabolic risk markers compared to non-smokers, but a single bout of exercise
will be equally, if not more, efficacious for improving the CHD risk factor profile in
smokers than non-smokers.
Cigarette smoking is a strong and independent risk factor for CHD and is associated with
impaired postprandial metabolism. Previous studies suggest that postprandial metabolism and
other risk markers for CHD can be improved with acute exercise in healthy non-smokers, but
less is known about responses in cigarette smokers. Therefore, the present study will compare
the effect of acute exercise on fasting and postprandial risk markers for CHD in healthy male
cigarette smokers and non-smokers.
A total of 12 healthy male cigarette smokers and 12 healthy male non-smokers matched for age
and body mass index will be recruited. Before the main experimental trials, participants will
attend the laboratory for a preliminary visit to complete screening questionnaires and to
undergo familiarisation, anthropometric measurements (stature, body mass, waist and hip
circumference, body fat) and exercise testing to determine maximum oxygen uptake.
Participants will complete two, 2-day (08:00-17:00) experimental trials in a randomised cross
over design: control and exercise. On day 1, participants will arrive at the laboratory at
08:00 having fasted overnight and a baseline fasting venous blood sample and blood pressure
measurement will be taken. A high fat breakfast and lunch meal will be consumed at 08:30 and
12:00, respectively. The control and exercise trials will be identical, except a 60 min bout
of treadmill exercise at 60% of maximum oxygen uptake will be performed at 14:30 in the
exercise trial.
On day 2, participants will arrive at 08:00 having fasted overnight for 10 h and will rest in
the laboratory until 17:00. Participants in the smokers group will be asked to stop smoking
at 08:00. A high fat breakfast and lunch will be consumed at 09:00 and 13:00, respectively.
Venous blood samples from a cannula will be collected in the fasted state and at 0.25, 0.5,
1, 2, 3, 4, 4.25, 4.5, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h after the breakfast meal. Resting arterial blood
pressure will be measured in the fasted state and at hourly intervals thereafter.
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