View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:Many older adults in rural South Africa still lack knowledge of their HIV status despite a high probability of infection. Older adults tend to test less for HIV because most HIV testing and prevention programs have been targeted at younger age groups. Other reasons for failure to test for HIV include frailty and lack of financial resources to travel to HIV testing centers. Home-based testing is a powerful approach to bring HIV testing services -- and HIV status knowledge -- to older adults. In real-life health systems, community health workers, such as the South African community care givers, could potentially provide home-based HIV testing on a routine basis. In this study, the investigators are trying to establish the best 'form' for the 'function' home-based HIV testing. Specifically, the investigators aim to 1. Establish the comparative effectiveness of three home-based HIV testing options among older adults in rural South Africa 2. Identify spill-over effects of the different home-based HIV testing options to other adults in the households and communities of the older adults receiving the testing options 3. Determine the comparative cost-effectiveness of the three home-based HIV testing options among older adults.
This is an open-label, single-dose, four-period, four sequential, and crossover study conducted to assess the relative bioavailability of GSK3640254 mesylate tablets and GSK3640254 mesylate capsules (in the presence of a moderate fat meal). This study will also evaluate the effect of food (fasted, moderate fat meal, and high fat meal) on the pharmacokinetics of GSK3640254 mesylate tablet formulation. Participants will be randomized to receive a single dose of GSK3640254 200 milligram (mg) capsules under moderate fat conditions and GSK3640254 200 mg tablets under moderate fat, fasted and high fat conditions in each treatment period. Approximately 16 participants will be enrolled and the duration of the study will be approximately 54 days.
Traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases have been shown to have an even higher impact in the HIV infected population. The original study from 2014 was a cross sectional study into the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (namely, dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Austria. The aim of this follow up study is to see the progression of our study sample and to see what prevalence levels may be found after 7 years. This epidemiological evaluation is conceptualized to document real life major cardiovascular risk factors of HIV-infected patients, focusing on lipid profiles and diabetes mellitus risk and to compare with the baseline values from the original study.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with HIV. Sub-optimal diagnostics contributes towards poor patient outcome and there is an urgent need to identify non-sputum-based point-of-care diagnostic tests. The urine based lateral flow lipoarabinomannan TB diagnostic test (LF-LAM) is a simple, inexpensive point-of-care test. In 2015, the World Health Organization endorsed LF-LAM for conditional use among patients with advanced HIV, but uptake of the test in clinical practices has been poor. The investigators aim to identify point-of-care (POC) strategies that can improve TB case detection and clinical outcomes among patients with advanced HIV. The project includes a main study and two sub-studies. The main study is a multicenter stepped wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial of LF-LAM implementation among patients with advanced HIV with 8-weeks follow-up. LF-LAM will be added to standard care and implemented stepwise at three hospitals in Ghana. Education in national TB treatment guidelines in collaboration with the Tuberculosis Control programme in Ghana, and Clinical audit of clinical staff with feedback, will be used to assess and strengthen LF-LAM implementation. The primary outcome time to TB treatment, for which a sample size of 690 participants will provide >90% power to detect a minimum of 7 days reduction. Secondary outcomes are: TB related morbidity, TB case detection, time to TB diagnosis and overall early mortality at 8 weeks. The HIV-associated TB epidemiology including genotypic analyses of M. tuberculosis isolates obtained through the main study will be described. In sub study A, focused ultrasound of lungs, heart and abdomen will be performed in a sub cohort of 100 participants. In sub study B, the investigators will establish a biobank and data warehouse for storage of blood, urine and sputum samples collected from participants that enter the study at Korle-Bu Teaching hospital. It is expected that LF-LAM will lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of TB. Findings may further guide scaling-up of LF-LAM. The HIV-associated epidemic including genotypic properties and resistance properties which is important for improved management will be detailed. The investigators further expect to evaluate the potential of bedside ultrasound as a clinical tool in management of HIV/TB co-infected patients. The unique Ghanaian HIV-cohort and biobank may facilitate rapid evaluation of future prognostic biomarkers and new point-of-care TB diagnostic tests.
The second Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey (SHIMS 2, 2016), is a population based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) that will assess the prevalence of key human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related health indicators. This is a two-stage cluster sampled cross-sectional survey of 6,417 randomly selected households in Swaziland. Approximately 20,292 eligible persons will be approached (4,664 participants 0-14 years; 12,563 participants 15-49 years; 3,065 participants 50 years and older). Of the sample approached, 15,403 are expected to agree to a blood draw for home-based HIV rapid testing including 3,361 participants 0-14 years; 9,680 participants 15-49 years; and 2,362 participants 50 years and older. SHIMS 2, 2016 will characterize HIV incidence, prevalence, viral load suppression, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T-cell distribution, and risk behaviors in a household-based, nationally-representative sample of the Swazi population and will describe uptake of key HIV prevention, care, and treatment services.
The study will evaluate the proportion of patients with undetectable HCV RNA at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12) following a course of DAA therapy delivered using a simplified schedule of safety and virological monitoring.
Main objective: to evaluate the executive functioning of the HIV exposed uninfected children (HEU) versus children from the same socio-economic and cultural environment, not infected or affected by HIV. Secondary objective (s): to evaluate Intellectual Quotient, Child development, Behavior, Language and investigate link between executive functioning disorders, exposure to ARVs, HIV and family environment.
Most Veterans living with HIV are 50 years of age or older and can expect to live more than 20 years longer with HIV medication. However, despite this success, Veterans living with HIV are more likely to have age-related diseases and loss of fitness and muscle that place them at increased risk for disability. This is a major priority for the VHA, the largest provider of HIV care in the United States. The goal of this study is to test a circuit exercise program in Veterans living with HIV that is designed to slowdown the aging process. The exercise program will be widely available by Video Teleconferencing (VTEL) and does not require stationary exercise equipment, making it widely accessible. This research will help reach the goal for Veterans to preserve their quality of life and ability to function independently. Novel findings will strengthen strategies to maintain life-long fitness through a personalized exercise prescription.
Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is a daily pill to prevent HIV that, when taken as prescribed, reduces the risk of getting HIV from sexual intercourse or drug use. In the United States, most studies which examine prescribing PrEP have not included young women. PrEP provides a way for women to take control of their HIV prevention and may be a good option for some women. Family planning clinics are a trusted source of preventative, routine, and symptom-driven gynecological care for adolescent and young adult women (AYAW). Thus, these clinics are a natural setting to provide PrEP services for AYAW. This study will examine how effectively three clinics in Atlanta are able to implement a PrEP program for their eligible female patients as well as follow a cohort of 300 women for six months (150 starting PrEP immediately and 150 electing to not take PrEP, at least initially) to characterize individual, provider, and clinic-level variables and constructs that are associated with PrEP uptake, continuation, and adherence. Both participant and biological data will be collected to answer the primary research question. Women will provide blood, urine, oral, vaginal, anal, and hair samples at three different time points. These samples will be tested to measure incident sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies as well as PrEP adherence (for women who initiated PrEP). Ultimately, this data will describe each clinic's effectiveness at providing PrEP services to AYAW.
Educational workshops are an efficacious strategy to increase healthcare providers' ability to provide gender-affirming care for transgender (trans) people. This strategy may also reduce healthcare providers' stigma towards trans people and people living with HIV. There is less evidence, however, of educational workshops that address HIV prevention and care among trans women. This protocol details the development and pilot testing of the TEACHH: Transgender Education for Affirmative and Competent HIV and Healthcare intervention that aims to increase gender-affirming HIV care competency among healthcare providers.This community-based research (CBR) project involves intervention development and implementation of a non-randomized multi-site pilot study with pre- post-test design. First, the investigators will conduct a qualitative formative phase involving focus groups with 30 trans women and individual interviews with 12 providers to understand HIV care access barriers for trans women and elicit feedback on a proposed workshop. Second, the investigators will pilot test the intervention with 90-150 providers (n=30-50x3 in-person settings). Primary outcomes include feasibility (e.g., completion rate), workshop satisfaction, and willingness to attend another workshop. Secondary pre- and post-intervention outcomes, assessed directly preceding and following the workshop, include perceived competency, intention to provide gender-affirming HIV care, and attitudes/biases towards trans women with HIV. Primary outcomes will be summarized as frequencies and proportions (categorical variables) and means and standard deviations (continuous variables). The investigators will conduct paired-sample t tests to assess pre- and post-intervention differences for secondary outcomes.