View clinical trials related to Pneumonia.
Filter by:The investigation serves the identification of pulmonary hypertension (PH) among patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). The exact prevalence of PH in HP is unknown. Data from South America indicate that the prevalence of pre-capillary PH amongst patients with HP is higher than 20%. There are no reliable data from Europe so far. According to the investigators previous analysis, more than 400 HP patients have participated in pulmonary rehabilitation at least once in the past 10 years at Klinikum Bad Gleichenberg (Rehabilitation Center for Agricultural Workers in Austria). This collective of patients is to be invited to participate in the study. A diagnostic algorithm will be applied in the clinical trial, in the case of clinical suspicion the diagnosis of PH will be confirmed by right heart catheterization. Besides the determination of the prevalence of PH in patients with HP the investigators aim to assess the reliability of non-invasive methods (e.g. Echocardiography, ECG...) to predict PH.
Prospective, double-blind, randomized assessment of the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic of Aerucin® as adjunct treatment (in addition to standard of care antibiotics) for pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa.
Objective to evaluate the effects of vibration techniques and acceleration of expiratory flow on pain parameters in preterm infants diagnosed with pneumonia hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit. The Method is a descriptive and interventional study, in which 28 PTNB were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 submitted to the vibration technique and Group 2 - to the acceleration of the expiratory flow, both techniques were applied in an interval of up to ten minutes, for Three consecutive days. The pain indicators were evaluated according to the PIPP scale in three moments. For statistical analysis, the Friedman tests and Variance Analysis were applied, the level of significance adopted was 5%.
Pneumonia is the most frequent infection in critically ill patients and remains a significant challenge to intensivists world-wide due to persisting high mortality and morbidity. Compelling evidence suggests that appropriate antibiotic therapy remains the most important intervention to improve patients' outcome, including the administration of a suitable molecule at an optimized dosage regimen. A vast array of pathophysiological changes can occur in critically ill patients that can complicate antibiotic dosing. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antibiotics used for the management of critically ill patients is essential for selecting the antibiotic dosing regimens, which will optimize patient outcomes. Changes in volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL) of antibiotics have been noted in these patients, which may affect the antibiotic concentration at the target site. It follows that the pharmacodynamic parameters that determine antibiotic efficacy, which can vary between antibiotic classes, may also be affected. Optimization of these parameters is necessary to maximize the rate of response through patient recovery and minimized antibiotic resistance. In a multicenter observational study in critically ill patients with normal plasma renal indices at admission, about 65% of patients manifested augmented creatinine clearance on at least one occasion in the first seven study days. Augmented creatinine clearance may significantly impact drug pharmacokinetics for a variety of renally eliminated pharmaceuticals (such as low-molecular weight heparins, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, and β-lactams), leading to subtherapeutic concentrations and potentially adverse clinical outcomes. Currently little data exist that describe the consequences of augmented creatinine clearance on antibiotics PK. Ceftaroline (600 mg bid) is a cephalosporin with expanded gram-positive activity, including MRSA and penicillin-resistant streptococcus, which was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on October 29, 2010 for the treatment of acute bacterial SSSIs and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Ceftaroline showed also good activity against some of the common gram-negative respiratory pathogens (eg, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria meningitidis, and Pasteurella multocida). However, it does not display clinically relevant activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, or Acinetobacter baumannii. Ceftaroline also lacks activity against gram-negative organisms with extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Importantly, because ceftaroline appears to induce AmpC β-lactamases despite MIC values in susceptible range, ittheoretically should be avoided in gram-negative bacteria known to harbor inducible AmpC β-lactamases (eg, Serratia, Proteus, Citrobacter, Morganella, Enterobacter, Providencia, and P. aeruginosa). In patients, ceftaroline is given as a prodrug, ceftaroline fosamil. After intravenous administration, the prodrug is rapidly transformed by plasma phosphatase enzymes to its bioactive metabolite. The pharmacokinetics of ceftaroline has been evaluated in single and multiple dose studies in healthy volunteers, in subjects with various degrees of renal impairment and in healthy elderly subjects. The volume of distribution is equal to 20.3 L, which corresponds to extracellular fluid volume. The protein binding is low (20%). The main route of elimination is via renal excretion, with a clearance estimated to160 mL/min close to the creatinine clearance. The elimination half-live is 2.6 h in adults with normal renal function. Unfortunately, no PK study has been performed in infected critically ill patients with augmented creatinine clearance. The best PK-PD index predicting drug efficacy is %Time>CMI. A bacteriostatic effect is achieved when free drug concentrations exceed the MIC for 30 to 40% of the dose administration interval (30 to 40%T>MIC). Near maximum organism kill is achieved at 50 to 60%T>MIC (30%T>MIC for Staphylococcus aureus). This project aims to characterize ceftaroline PK in patients with early-onset pneumonia and augmented creatinine clearance. The choice of ceftaroline is justified by its spectrum suitable for micro-organisms commonly encountered in early onset pneumonia, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Secondary main objective is to predict the probably of reaching PK-PD targets using Monte Carlo simulations under various scenario in order to identify optimal ceftaroline administration schemes in critical care patients with various degrees of renal impairment.
The purpose of this study is to learn more about new noninvasive ways of detecting lung disease in US Military personnel and people who worked as contractors during military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. This study is looking at conducting a type of breathing test called the lung clearance index (LCI) test which is being investigated as a potential noninvasive way to detect the type of lung disease that may be seen in symptomatic deployers retuning from Iraq and Afghanistan.
The purpose of this study is to validate the diagnostic accuracy of a novel host-response based diagnostic tool for differentiating between bacterial and viral etiologies in adult patients aged 18 years and older with clinical suspicion of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)
This study will investigate whether there is a population-level association between circulating respiratory viruses and NHS hospital admissions for acute vascular events using data from national infection surveillance and Hospital Episode Statistics.
In this study, patients will be prospectively enrolled for data collection to design prediction models that integrate claims data (inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy), electronic health record data (on clinical, social, and behavioral indicators), and patient-generated activity data. Patients will be randomized to use either a smartphone or a wearable activity tracking device to capture patient-generated health data.
The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of the ResAppDx software application in diagnosis of pneumonia and other respiratory conditions (bronchiolitis, asthma/reactive airway disease, croup, upper or lower respiratory tract infections) in infants and children. Patient's cough sounds will be recorded using a smartphone and analysed using the ResAppDx software. The ResAppDx diagnosis will be compared to radiologic diagnosis and/or clinical diagnosis. The ResAppDx diagnosis will not be provided to the clinician or patient.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether automated cuff pressure control results in a reduction in the proportion of patients developing ventilator associated respiratory infections during their stay in intensive care.