View clinical trials related to Overweight and Obesity.
Filter by:The purpose of the study is to compare the effect of high intensity interval training and low intensity training on physical fitness among adult overweight.
The present study is a 100-participant randomized controlled 2-arm parallel trial that employs a metagenomic approach to examine how 8 weeks of supervised moderate-intensity treadmill walking exercise (MWE) for 30-45 min 3 times/week alters the gut microbiome, serum short chain fatty acids, and the cardiometabolic profile, body weight, and body composition of individuals 30-64 years old who have overweight or obesity and have prediabetes.
The aim of this study is to describe the metabolic changes during pregnancy in women with type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes in order to detect the pathophysiological mechanisms behind severe insulin resistance during pregnancy as well as the short- and long term consequences for mother and child. Included pathophysiological mechanisms potentially associated with severe insulin resistance are: Maternal hormonal, inflammatory and metabolic markers in the blood, as well as the level, content and bioactivity of exosomes and genetic variants associated with overweight and diabetes. In addition to the analysis on maternal blood, the same analysis will be performed on umbilical cord blood in order to determine the correlation between markers associated with insulin sensitivity in maternal and umbilical blood. Furthermore, fetal metabolic changes influence on fetal growth and development will be evaluated. Postpartum, the breast milk will also be examined for metabolic active substances that could influence the newborns growth and metabolism. Investigating one potential short-term consequence of diabetes during pregnancy, the association between insulin resistance and structural and functional changes in the placenta will be examined as well as the consequences of such changes on fetal growth and development. Investigating one potential long-term consequence of diabetes during pregnancy, the association between treatment with high doses of insulin during pregnancy and the future risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and heart failure will be examined.
Rashakaty (Fitness for Me) study aimed to design a new technologies-based intervention using a website and smart phone applications and to test the feasibility of implementing a lifestyle intervention using these technologies for overweight and obese university students. The intervention was implemented in two universities in the United Arab Emirates
It is an open-label, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial, which is designed to enroll people with different glucose metabolism status who are also overweight or obese, including people with normal glucose metabolism, pre-diabetes patients and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. The patients are randomized to an enhanced physical activity intervention (high-intensity interval training exercise prescription combined with resistance training) or standard education group (diabetes health education only, including lifestyle education and guidance) for 12 weeks. This trial intends to compare the influence of enhanced physical activity treatment with that of a standard education on liver steatosis, serum glucose and lipids level, insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular metabolic parameters, metabolic molecules, and gut microbiota profile et al.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is with 25% the most prevalent liver disorder in Western society and is associated with overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and increased risk of cancer development. NAFLD is defined by a hepatic fat accumulation of more than 5% in the absence of classical causes of steatogenesis (e.g. alcohol and steatogenic drugs). It represents a broad spectrum of clinical entities from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to advanced liver disease with hepatic failure. Most of the patients have simple steatosis, however in about 15-30% non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops, which leads to an overall increase in morbidity and mortality due to the progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with NAFLD have no or few, mainly aspecific symptoms; and generally there is a silent progression of simple steatosis to NASH and in the end liver-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the clinical importance and the potential impact on healthcare resources, there is a striking lack of awareness on all levels of NAFLD. Furthermore, little to know data are available concerning the quality of life of NAFLD patients. Additionally, the majority of NAFLD patients are currently not detected due to the lack of non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD. Most of these patients, as a first contact in the healthcare system, will be found in the outpatient clinic of the general practitioner (GP). To date, it is not clear what the burden is of NAFLD and related diseases in at risk subjects in primary care. Therefore, identification of NAFLD patients in this cohort will give information on the prevalence in the group of uncomplicated overweight and obesity and those with concomitant cardiometabolic diseases. By early detecting these patients at risk to develop progressive liver diseases and extrahepatic manifestations, it will be possible to intervene and improve health.
Malnutrition is an epidemiologic problem with high prevalence in Mexico. Mexican children present a double burden of malnutrition characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and micronutrient deficiency alongside excess body weight. Malnutrition is caused by inadequate nutrition, including micronutrients deficiencies, in which children living in rural areas and indigenous populations are disproportionately affected. Malnutrition has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities like metabolic syndrome (MS), diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Nutrition-specific interventions are strategies that may reduce or avert malnutrition in children. However, limited intervention studies have been implemented in low-income populations, particularly in rural areas. Therefore, studies that include nutrition-specific intervention with enriched foods aimed at reducing micronutrients deficiencies and that can help in prevention or treatment of metabolic conditions in these populations are still needed. Based on the nutritional characterization carried out in school children in Chimalhuacán, Mexico State, a formula in a powder form was designed for children containing vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids that can be used to enrich foods. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 4-week intervention with cookies enriched with a micronutrient formula on the nutritional status in Maya schoolchildren aged 8-10 years. Participants (n=84) were their own control, and the investigators measured, at pre- and post-intervention, anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and cognitive parameters; diet and molecular parameters were assessed only at pre-intervention. Chi-square test, t-Student paired or Wilcoxon, ANCOVA, and logistic regression were performed to analyze the data.
This clinical trial will determine whether a daily-caloric restriction-based weight loss intervention can slow kidney growth in adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease who are overweight or obese. The study will also evaluate changes in abdominal fat by magnetic resonance imaging. Blood and fat samples will provide insight into biological changes that may contribute to any observed benefits of the intervention.
The number of age-related chronic diseases (like obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases) is increasing rapidly worldwide, reaching pandemic proportions. These age-related chronic diseases are associated with metabolic disturbances and mitochondrial dysfunction in humans. Nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD) levels play an important role in energy metabolism and mitochondrial functioning and indeed it has been shown that high concentrations of NAD+ as well as a high NAD+/NADH ratio are strongly associated with metabolic and mitochondrial health. In contrast, decreased NAD+ bioavailability is reported in both ageing and obese humans as well as in diabetic mice. These findings fueled the idea of influencing NAD+ bioavailability in order to improve metabolic disturbances and mitochondrial dysfunction in humans. Supplementation with nicotinamide riboside (NR), a naturally occurring form of vitamin B3, may provide a way to boost cellular NAD+ levels. However, in contrast to animal studies, NR supplementation in humans has so far been unsuccessful in improving skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, exercise capacity or insulin sensitivity. Recently, it has been suggested that a situation where NAD+ levels become limited, is needed for NR supplementation to exert beneficial health effects. This situation could be achieved by combining exercise and NR supplementation. However, studies combining NR and exercise are lacking, which is why we would like to perform such a study here.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether 6-weeks of increased dairy consumption can reduce inflammation and other markers of chronic disease while fasted or following a high-fat meal.