View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Disease.
Filter by:Cardiovascular disease which includes coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease remains the leading cause of death among women in the United States. The impact of cardiovascular in women was not recognized by clinicians for a long time. It is now evident that, women suffer the consequences of cardiovascular at rates at least as high as those observed in men but there are still major gaps in our understanding this disease in women. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous mediator plays an important role in the cardiovascular system. Research has demonstrated it's critical role in animal ischemia reperfusion models. Hydrogen sulfide exists in distinct biological pools in blood. Recently, the Kevil lab has pioneered the development of new analytical techniques for accurate measurement of all biological pools of H2S. By measuring these distinct pools of H2S in women with and without cardiovascular disease the investigators hope to further understanding of role of H2S in pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. This research will help to assess the ability of H2S and its distinct biological pools to potentially be a diagnostic marker or a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease.
The purpose of this study is to improve the health status of people living with HIV in Australia. The overall goal is to rigorously evaluate the impact of interactive health plans and self-management support on chronic condition outcomes in people with HIV. The specific aims are to: Aim 1: Using a doctor-level cluster randomised trial, evaluate the effect of interactive health plans and self-management support on coronary heart disease risk and other chronic condition outcomes in people living with HIV. Aim 2: Evaluate patient and health care provider experiences and acceptability of interactive health plans and self-management support. Aim 3: Evaluate intervention cost-effectiveness and effect on health service utilisation.
African American women have among the highest rates of overweight and obesity and few meet dietary or physical activity guidelines. The investigators seek to develop a new intervention strategy that will help alleviate health disparities, thereby improving quality of life, health care costs, and disease burden. The African American Collaborative Obesity Research Network (AACORN) recommends an eco-social, community-engaged approach to behavior change that is in line with cultural values of interconnectedness and care for others. The purpose of this study is to operationalize the AACORN paradigm to promote improvements in weight status and health through a civic engagement approach. To achieve this, participants will meet in church-based Change Clubs and be led through a 6 month curriculum, which includes both lessons in cardiovascular risk reduction and a civic engagement project. Civic engagement may lead to change in individual health behaviors by increasing self-regulation and self-efficacy. The investigators will measure club members' adherence to the Change Club intervention, defined as average number of sessions attended, retention in the clubs, satisfaction with the Change Club experience and achievement of at least 50% of self-identified benchmarks for community change within 6 months. In addition the investigators will compare anthropometric factors, diet and physical activity behaviors, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and psychosocial factors before and after participation in the Change Club intervention.
Orthotopic heart transplantation is a well established therapeutic measure for end stage heart failure, leading to significant improvements in survival and quality of life. In the routine clinical practice, orthotopic heart transplantation patients receive periodic cardiac catheterization for early detection of allograft vascular disease. The coronary angiography of these patients is characterized for several technical difficulties, generally related to the presence of the aortotomy with anomalous implantation of the coronary ostia and to the orthotopic position of the allograft. For these reasons, trans femoral approach is usually preferred. In the last two decades, trans radial approach for coronary angiography emerged to be effective, safe and able to improve patient comfort. However, there is no universal consensus on the optimal choice of radial access from either the left or the right artery. Currently, this choice is largely dependent on the operator's preference. The trans right radial approach is generally preferred in routine clinical practice mainly due to its easier catheter manipulation for the operators from patient's right side, and the current design of radial compression devices for the right wrist in medical market. As such, a major barrier to prevent the wide adoption of the left radial access lies in some difficulty to reach the left wrist leaning over the patient, particularly for shorter operators or in obese patients. However, a great deal of attention has been recently directed toward the trans left radial access, as it has an important anatomical advantage due to the vascular anatomy of epiaortic vessels with a straighter route to the left coronary ostium, which could also reduce the risk of cerebrovascular complications. However, no data are available about the performance of trans left radial or trans-right radial approach in coronary angiography orthotopic heart transplantation patients. However, in this particular setting of patients, the left radial approach might reduce the technical difficulties related to the anatomical variations. In this single centre, prospective, randomized study, we sought to compare trans right radial versus trans left radial approach in terms of amount of contrast medium, radiation exposure, number of catheters used, cross over to the other access site rate and local and systemic complications in orthotopic heart transplantation patients.
The objective was to compare the frequency and intensity of symptoms of fear in patients of preoperative cardiac surgery who received empathic behaviour from nurse or those who received no specific type of empathic behaviour. This is a randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of 44 patients in preoperative of cardiac surgery, who were divided in two groups: empathic behaviour by nurses and without specific empathic behaviour. Fear was assessed at two time points: before and after the intervention. The instrument used was developed and validated, comprising 15 defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis fear. The hypothesis is that the group who received empathic behaviour from nurse will reduce the anxiety.
Apelins are substances which occur naturally in the body, and have an important role in heart disease. They have been shown to make blood vessels dilate, and improve the way the heart works. The investigators have devised 2 sets of experiments to investigate how the apelins affect blood vessels. In the first group of experiments,the investigators will give healthy volunteers up to 3 different apelin substances, and use special research techniques to see how they affect the way that blood vessels work in the forearm. In the second group of experiments, the apelins will be given along with another form of apelin which blocks the effects of apelin in laboratory experiments. The investigators want to see if it blocks the effects of apelin in healthy humans. The investigators intend to test the hypothesis that: Apelin agonists are vasodilators in human resistance vessels, this effect will be blocked by an apelin receptor antagonist. This study will help us to understand more about how apelins work, and to suggest how they might be used to treat heart disease.
This study will compare two arms in a randomized clinical trial of cardiovascular risk prevention in women with a history of preeclampsia. The first arm will provide postpartum patients and their clinicians with the American Heart Association's (AHA) Class I Lifestyle Recommendations for women with a history of preeclampsia. The second arm will additionally receive access to a customized patient-informed online program with modules on how to achieve the AHA recommendations for diet, activity and weight management.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women. Premenopausal women have a lower risk of CVD compared with men of a similar age. However, the incidence of CVD increases greatly after the menopause. The risk of heart disease is strongly associated with the health of an individual's blood vessels. It is thought that changes to the type of fat the investigators eat in their diet may affect the normal functioning and elasticity of the blood vessels, as well as affect cholesterol levels in the blood. Types of fat in the diet include monounsaturated fats (found mainly in olive oil), n-6 polyunsaturated fats (found mainly in sunflower oil) and saturated fats (found mainly in dairy products, such as butter and cheese). Since the investigators are in the fed (or postprandial) state for up to 18 hours of the day, it is important to see how these different fats affect the investigators blood vessels and blood fats over the course of the day after eating a meal. The aim of this study is to determine how consuming meals rich in saturated fats, n-6 polyunsaturated fats or monounsaturated fats influence the normal functioning and elasticity of the blood vessels throughout the day in postmenopausal women. A secondary aim is to determine the effects of these different dietary fats on a range of accepted heart disease risk markers including circulating levels of fats (lipids) and glucose in the blood.
The goal of this study is to design and implement an intensive discharge intervention for inpatients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and determine the effects of the intervention on post-discharge insulin adherence, glycemic control, cardiac medication adherence, hypoglycemic events, and emergency department visits and hospital readmissions.
Background: - Restricting calories can help a person reduce risk factors for heart disease. Researchers have found that not eating or drinking anything but water for 24 hours prevents the activation of a component of the immune system, called the inflammasome. The inflammasome is associated with the development of diabetes and heart disease. Researchers want to learn more about the body s response to fasting. Objective: - To explore the benefits of calorie restriction on heart health. Eligibility: - Healthy adults ages 21 32 with a body mass index between 26 and 29. Design: - Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical exam and blood test. - Participants will not eat or drink after 10 p.m. before their first visit. - Participants have breakfast at the clinic. The breakfast will be about 500 calories. Then they will not eat or drink (except water) for 24 hours. - Participants will return to the clinic the next morning. They will have blood drawn. Then they will have breakfast. Blood will be drawn again at 1 hour and 3 hours after the meal. - Blood and urine tests at the end of the fast and following the meals will be done to confirm that participants have fasted for the full 24-hour period.