View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:To investigate changes in body weight and body composition in obese adults after repeated oral administration of RTA 402 once daily for 16 weeks, using placebo as a control.
The benefits of weight-loss programs on mood state and cognitive and motor behavior remain unclear and are largely limited to those of calorie restriction (CR) or physical exercise alone. Our aim was to investigate the effect of a combined CR and aerobic exercise program on mood state, cognition-related brain activity, and cognitive and motor behavior in overweight and obese women. Twenty-six overweight or obese women were randomized to either a control group (no intervention) or an experimental group (aerobic exercise + 12.5% energy-intake reduction). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, mood, prefrontal cortex activity, cognitive performance, and learning of a speed-accuracy task were evaluated before and 6 months after the beginning of the program. Confusion and depression increased in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas tension decreased in the experimental group (P < 0.05). BDNF level and learning of a speed-accuracy task remained unchanged. Although PFC activity and executive functions were not affected, the reaction time of visual scanning and associative learning were improved in the experimental group (P < 0.05). An improvement in reaction time during the speed-accuracy task was observed (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a 6-month combined CR and aerobic exercise intervention improved the psychosocial mental state of overweight and obese women. Although it improved motor planning during the speed-accuracy task, it had little impact on cognition and no effect on brain activity and learning of the speed-accuracy task.
During last decades, an excessive intake of sugars has been observed in westernized countries, mainly due to the consumption of sugar-rich soft drinks. Epidemiological studies have pointed out a positive correlation between the consumption of such drinks and the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, there is a growing trend looking for new non-caloric alternatives (sweeteners) in order to reduce the sugar content of foodstuffs without losing their sweetness and tastefulness. However, some questions regarding sweeteners have recently arisen as their effects after long-term consumption have not been fully unravelled. They could also contribute to a higher caloric intake and to disrupt the gut microbiota. Besides seeking new alternatives for the high intake of sugar-rich drinks, there is a need for increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables among general public. Developing new products to stretch the shelf-life of fresh fruits, preserving their nutrients, and reducing the energetic content of fruit juices should also be accomplished. In this sense, lemon juice has been proposed as an interesting ingredient in the elaboration of soft drinks due to its distinctive aroma and high nutritive value. Its combination with maqui berry juices contributes to stabilize the colour and phenolic compounds that both products contain (mainly flavanones for lemon juice and anthocyanins for maqui). The beneficial effects of these vegetal foodstuffs and their phenolic substances on glucose intolerance have been reported.The aim of BEBESANO is studying the beneficial effects of sugar-free, rich-in-phytochemicals drink consumption on postprandial hyperglycaemia, in order to provide alternatives to excessive sugar intake and counteract the postprandial response linked to sugar consumption in subjects with low levels of chronic inflammation such as overweight people. Moreover, BEBESANO will shed light on the interactions of food constituents with the main pathways involved in the lipid and glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormonal regulation in overweight population.
Mechanical ventilation is the first artificial support used in intensive care. After a period of invasive mechanical ventilation, patients should be separated from the ventilator (weaning period of mechanical ventilation). If weaning and extubation (removal of the tracheal tube) are successful in approximately 80 to 90% of resuscitation patients, 10 to 20% will develop acute respiratory failure (ARF) in the days following extubation. Obesity concerns 20 to 30% of resuscitation admissions in France. The pathophysiological changes in the obese patient explain the over-risk of desaturation and ARF in the post-extubation period. In order to decrease the incidence of extubation failure (need for reintubation within 48-72h post-extubation) of the most fragile patients, it is recommended in intensive care unit to prophylactically use various ventilatory support strategies and / or oxygenation, among which noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and oxygen therapy, which can be administered in two ways: High-Flow Humidified Nasal Oxygen Therapy (HFNO) or standard oxygen therapy. These strategies have never been compared in the obese post-extubation critically ill patient. Our hypothesis is that NIV is superior to oxygen to prevent the development of ARF in obese extubated patients in intensive care unit.
This is a randomized controlled pilot study to evaluate the effects of intermittent caloric restriction compared with low carbohydrate diet in youth with cardiometabolic risk.
This study looks at NNC0247-0829 (a potential new medicine) for weight management in people with overweight or obesity. The study looks at how NNC0247-0829 works in the body. Participants will either get NNC0247-0829 or placebo (a 'dummy' medicine) - which treatment is decided by chance. NNC0247-0829 is an experimental medicine which has not been approved by the US FDA. Participants will get either 1 injection or a total of 4 injections (one week apart) by a study nurse at the clinic depending on what group they are in. The study will last for about 18 months, but participation will last from 11 to 23 weeks. This will depend on the group participants are in. Participants will attend 8 to 14 visits at the clinic with the study staff. Some participants will have one 16-day, 15-night visit and one 2-day, 1-night visit. Others will have two 2-day, 1-night visits. At all visits except one, participants will have blood tests and other checks. They will be asked about their health, medical history and habits including mental health questionnaires.
The main objective is to compare the prevalence of anal incontinence (AI) before and after bariatric surgery in obese patients. Inclusion: Patients who are scheduled for a bariatric surgical procedure after a multidisciplinary evaluation for about 1 year (following french national recommendations). Primary objective: After inclusion, all patients will fill in a specific self-questionnaire evaluating AI (PFDI-20 score) before surgery and at 6 months after surgery. Investigators will evaluate the prevalence of anal incontinence before and at 6months after surgery using this PFDI- 20 score. In those patients with preoperative anal incontinence (only in patients with 3 positive answers to question n°9,10, and 11 of PFDI-20 score self-questionnaire), a pelvic MRI will be performed before and at 6 months after surgery. Consequently, no further imaging exam will be performed in patients without preoperative anal incontinence (less than 3 positive answers to question n°9,10, and 11), Secondary objectives: - to evaluate the AI severity variation before and at 6 months after bariatric surgery regarding the percentage of postoperative weight loss. - to compare the quality of life (PFIQ-7 score) related to AI day before and at 6 months after bariatric surgery.
Current guidelines for the prevention and treatment of obesity focus on caloric restriction diets and increasing physical activity, but long-term compliance to these strategies is poor. The timing of meal intake relative to the light-dark and sleep-wake cycle is rarely considered in metabolic health; and modifying meal timing is likely easier to implement in daily life than reducing caloric intake and/or increasing physical activity. This project will test whether restricting the timing of energy intake to a short-defined period during wakefulness can be used to improve fuel utilization patterns and enhance circadian rhythms in metabolic tissues to optimize health.
This study in healthy men and women compares the injection site experience of the DV3396 pen to that of the PDS290 pens when both pens are used to deliver 0.25 mg semaglutide subcutaneously (sc, under the skin). Participants will receive 2 single doses of semaglutide 0.25 mg on 1 day. The 2 injections will be given at least 30 minutes apart, one in each side of the stomach. Participants will be in the clinic research center for 1 day. A follow-up phone call will take place between 4 and 5 weeks after the injections were given.
According to the recently published german guidelines for the prehospital airway management regular training for cricothyroidotomy is recommended. Even though participants prefer animal or cadaver trainingmodels, it is not possible to perform this comprehensive for a large number of participants due to organizational requirements like food hygiene, limited shelf-life and preparation time and expense. Therefore the investigators modified an available for purchase cricothyroidotomy trainer (the AirSim Combo X) with everyday suitable and cost-effective utensils. As a control group the investigators used a conventional simple plastic model.