View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:This is a randomized, controlled, double blind clinical trial. The purpose of this study is to investigate the weight loss efficacy of entacapone. In this study, participants are randomly divided into entacapone and placebo groups. The percentage change in body weight, the body mass index, waist circumstance, extent of fatty liver, quantity of visceral fat, serum insulin, serum triglyceride and the adverse effects are compared between the two groups.
This study will test the hypothesis that a late sleep (Ls) and/or late meal (Lm) behavioral pattern, with equal sleep duration, will promote positive energy balance and insulin resistance (IR).
The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased during the last three decades, leading to a significant increase of obesity-related morbidity, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is characterized by resistance of target tissues to insulin action. T2DM obese patients may be treated by medications or by bariatric surgery. Both alternatives have limitations due to incomplete resolution of the diseases, high cost or potential procedural related morbidity. An increasing body of evidence points to a role of the enteric microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance. In addition to that, the gut microbiota is directly affected by the diet composition. Studies in T2DM mice carrying human gut germs, demonstrated special interactions between the gut microbiota and the host, creating a typical microbiota composition which changes significantly following diet change from a western diet, rich with sugar, to a vegetarian diet rich with fibers. This rapid alternations in the microbiota composition has also shown in humans, after changing from western to high fiber diet. A change in diet life style may lead to an improvement in T2DM symptoms such as decrease in visceral adipose tissue.
Rational: The world and french epidemic of obesity and diabetes represents a major problem of public health. The prevalence in France, in the adult population, is 15 % corresponding to 6.9 million people for obesity and 6 % corresponding to 3.9 million people for diabetes. Morbidly obesity (body mass index 40 kg/m²), the most serious, is more and more frequent. Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of morbidity and mortality. The atherogenic dyslipidemia of these insulin-resistant obese type 2 diabetic patients characterized by the quartet: elevated plasma triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, increased proportion of small and dense low-density lipoproteins, is widely explained by the blood accumulation of TRL from the liver and the intestine, and represents a major cardiovascular risk factor. The overproduction of intestinal TRL (which apoprotein B48 is the specific tracer) is a constituent recently recognized of insulin-resistance and the atherogenous role of these intestinal TRL has been shown. In view of this important overmortality and the failures of the medical, nutritional, dietary and psychotherapeutic combined treatment, the bariatric surgery quickly developed. Two main procedures are performed: 1 based exclusively on the gastric restriction (the sleeve gastrectomy) and one associating a malabsorption (the gastric bypass). Objectives: The main objective of this study is to compare the effect of each surgical procedure and the differential effect of the 2 bariatric surgery procedures on the production and clearance rates of the intestinal TRL. The secondary objectives are to compare the effect of each surgical procedure and the differential effect of the 2 bariatric surgery procedures on the production and clearance rates of the hepatic TRL and to document the potential links between the expected reduction of these productions after the surgery and the loss of weight, the improvement of the insulin-sensitivity, the changes in hormones, the decrease of the inflammatory state, the changes in energy expenditure, body composition and energy intake. Methods: It is a multicentric, prospective, comparative study of cohorts. After identification of the eligible subjects, the kinetics (production and clearance rates) of intestinal and hepatic TRL will be performed in the hospital, using established stable isotope enrichment methodology (5,5,5-D3-L-Leucine), in 2 groups of obese patients (15 patients per surgery procedure), before and 6 months after the surgery. Perspectives: A better understanding of the dyslipidemia of obese type 2 diabetic patients and the factors modulating this dyslipidemia may lead to develop new dietary and/or drugs and/or surgical treatments targeted at the enterocyte to improve the lipid profile of these patients and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, a differential effect between the 2 surgical procedures could help to choose the best surgical procedure for obese type 2 diabetic patients depending on the lipid profile at baseline.
Urinary incontinence is well documented as a comorbidity of obesity. Studies demonstrate improvement of incontinency after weight loss. However, the mechanisms are still not clear. Aim of our study to analyze the effects of bariatric surgery on pelvic floor function in women.
Identify news genetic causes of different type of obesity (syndromic, familial or isolated obesity) by highlighting new mutations or new implied genes
Visceral obesity and adipose inflammation is considered a driving force of obesity-related systemic disease, e.g. cardiometabolic disease, liver cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inflammatory resolution is actively regulated by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), including the endogenous eicosanoid LXA4. Impairment of SPMs may underlie development of obesity-related pathology.We hypothesize that obese patients who develop obesity-related disease do so because they suffer from impaired endogenous production of pro-resolving lipids. This will result in aggravated adipose inflammation and fibrosis, which contribute to the systemic pathologies. We thus wish to investigate adipose inflammation and the pro-resolving lipid profile of obese subjects with and without obesity associated metabolic disease. We also aim to investigate whether LXA4, LXB4 and other anti-inflammatory agents (such as AICAR) can alter the phenotype of human adipose macrophages in ex vivo tissue culture. We also investigate basic pathways in inflammatory regulation and obesity related cardiometabolic disease.
The aim of this study is to compare clinical and laboratory findings of three surgical techniques in metabolic surgery in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and obesity (BMI> 30).
The aim of this cohort is to evaluate the follow-up of morbidly obese patients treated by several types of bariatric procedures. In addition, this study could lead to the development of clinical trials on assessment of the bariatric surgery impact.
The study consists in determine the transpulmonary pressure in morbidly obesity patients that require mechanical ventilation. - both gender - only adults - Medical intensive care patients.