View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is compare the effects of consuming glucose- and fructose-sweetened beverages on appetite, body weight, body fat, and the amount of energy the body burns as well as effects on blood pressure, hormones, blood triglycerides and cholesterol, and the body's sensitivity to the insulin.
Patients suffering from schizophrenia have a high risk to become obese and develop diabetes. Risk of obesity is particularly high with some newer schizophrenia drugs, such as clozapine or olanzapine. These drugs are called atypical drugs and exert their action in part by occupying receptors for serotonin, particularly the 5HT2A receptor subtype. This receptor may also interfere with glucose metabolism and insulin action. The purpose of this study is to compare an atypical antipsychotic drugs, olanzapine, which acts by occupying the 5HT2A receptor, to another antipsychotic drug, amisulpride, which mainly acts through the dopamine pathway. Healthy volunteers are recruited and asked to take a single dose of each drug and of placebo on separate days. Then, a combined glucose clamp study will be performed in order to test the effects of these drugs on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion.
The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of resveratrol (plant derived food supplement) on inflammatory mediators and insulin resistance at the cellular and molecular level in obese non diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects in vivo.
The purpose of this study is investigating the clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed, drug naïve type 2 diabetic patients according to insulin secretion and insulin resistance.
Glycemic control is rapidly restored in patients with insulin resistance after bariatric surgery, in particular after the mal-absorptive one (i.e. Bilio-pancreatic diversion, BPD). To evaluate the mechanisms allowing restoration of insulin sensitivity after BPD the investigators aimed at identifying by using a proteomic approach plasma proteins or peptides that may be involved in the remarkably fast and explicit restoration of insulin sensitivity. In addition to the unbiased proteomics approach, a selection of recognized markers for metabolic control will be measured. These efforts all aim at an increased understanding of how insulin sensitivity is regulated and may provide novel ideas of how to treat insulin resistance and type 2-diabetes.
This study will help us understand the possible beneficial effects of insulin in inflammation. Inflamamtion is considered to be the cause of atherosclerosis and heart disease.
Insulin resistance is a common condition that can lead to type 2 diabetes. One of the commonly prescribed diabetes medications, called rosiglitazone, works by decreasing insulin resistance. Rosiglitazone appears to work on fat cells. Animal studies suggest that rosiglitazone may work by increasing blood vessel growth in fat cells. The purpose of this research is to see if rosiglitazone also increases blood vessel growth in human fat cells. The investigators will compare results from before and after being on rosiglitazone for 6 weeks.
Life style intervention including diet and exercise is the recommended strategy for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). First-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of insulin resistance and a lifetime risk of developing type 2 diabetes of 40%- 80%. Poor physical fitness is a strong indicator of an increased risk of developing diabetes. Long-term endurance exercise training has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity in sedentary young and elderly individuals, first degree relatives of patients with Type 2 diabetes, glucose intolerant obese, or Type 2 diabetic humans. In type 2 diabetic patients, non-diabetic individuals with IGT and sedentary adults after exercise training of different intensity, different duration and different frequency an increase of insulin sensitivity was found. However, despite the vast knowledge concerning beneficial effects physical activity for the prevention of T2DM (and many other chronic metabolic disorders) to date wide ranging strategies have not been realized satisfactory. Regardless of age, ethnicity, sex or health status the lack of time is the primary reason for the failure to exercise on a regular basis (or is stated as primary reason). Therefore the investigators aimed at investigating whether a controlled endurance/resistance training twice a week over 6 month might be beneficial for healthy, non obese, first degree relatives with T2DM. Therefore the investigators measure parameters associated with the prevention of T2DM like insulin sensitivity, flux through fATPase and fCK, intramyocellular and hepatocellular lipids.
Background: - Innate immunity is the process by which white blood cells and other parts of the immune system sense and respond to potential infections by causing an inflammation. Researchers are interested in studying how the body responds to certain environmental factors, and whether the body s response can contribute to chronic illnesses or diseases such as asthma and certain types of cancers. Objectives: - To examine how specific genes and proteins in blood cells respond to environmental exposures. Eligibility: - Healthy volunteers between 18 and 45 years of age. Design: - The study will involve one visit of 45 to 60 minutes. - Participants will be screened with a brief physical examination and finger stick to determine if they are eligible to donate blood for the study, and will complete a questionnaire about any medications or other drugs (e.g., cigarettes) they may be taking. - Participants will provide a blood sample for research purposes.
Spirulina, a widely used food supplement, improves the lipid profile and glycemic control in people living with diabetes, suggesting that it could have some effects on insulin sensitivity. Since HIV-infected patients develop metabolic abnormalities due to the virus and/or to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, the investigators therefore proposed to evaluate the effect that spirulina can have on HIV/HAART-associated insulin resistance