View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:Lately researchers and clinicians have emphasized the health related quality of life. Several reasons account for this trend. First of all, the advanced medical practices have contributed to the increased life expectancy. Secondly, the pattern of diseases has shifted from high acuity to chronicity. Therefore, the effectiveness of health care could not be solely evaluated by the rates of morbidity and mortality. The state of patients’ quality of life has become the pivotal indicator of the effectiveness of health care interventions. On the other hand, patients’ subjective perceptions of health care are crucial factors in treatment processes. Therefore quality of life becomes reference in choosing health care interventions to enhance the benefits of patients. The scopes of quality of life research include the essence of quality of life, the measurements of quality of life and the relationships between quality of life and its related factors, etc. The local researchers have long put efforts in quality of life research. The results of these studies have contributed to the understandings of different patients’ quality of life. However, the majority of studies have focused on specific diseases. This study propose to extend the scope of quality of life research to study patients’ quality of life of two severe illnesses, i.e. HIV infections and schizophrenia. These two illnesses represent two severe physical and psychiatric illnesses. Even their etiology, mechanisms, disease process, signs and symptoms, and treatments are different. However, the similarities of these two illnesses include both are severe illnesses without cure, both are stigmatized by the society. Patients with these two illnesses suffer in their personal lives, social relations and quality of life. Therefore the current study to further investigate and compare and contrast the essence of patients’ quality of life and their related factors. The proposed study is a second year study of the two-year study - The quality of life of patients with severe illnesses (NSC93-2314-B-002-294). The first year study focused on the investigation of the quality of life of patients with HIV infections (NSC93-2314-B-002-294). The aim of this proposed study is to compare and contrast the quality of life and its related factors of patients with schizophrenia and HIV infections. The contributions of this study include the in-depth understandings of quality of life of patients with HIV infections and schizophrenia and the comparison of quality of life of different illnesses. The results serve as the foundations in future development of intervention programs to enhance patients’ quality of life and cost-effectiveness analyses.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is commonly applied in medicine with 1H proton or 31-phosphorus spectra. The proton MRS is often used in evaluating the central nervous system and 31P MRS is used in muscular diseases or neoplasms. However, the proton MRS is also considered to be applied to the musculoskeletal system because of its profound amount of protons. Ballon used the STEAM technique, and Schick used the PRESS technique, to investigate the lipid and water spectra of the bone marrow and also correlated those with hematological diseases and post-treatment effects. Schellinger et al. used the STEAM sequence to calculate the lipid content of the vertebral bone marrow and found that it was influenced according to age and sex. The investigator had used the proton MRS to evaluate the lipid and water spectra of the femoral head and revealed its significance in predicting avascular necrosis of the femoral head. According to the above research literature, the investigators considered further investigation of the proton MRS in evaluating the musculoskeletal system.
Ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor based therapy will have equivalent antiviral efficacy over 48 weeks compared to NNRTI based therapy in patients who are antiretroviral therapy naïve and initiate therapy with CD4 counts ≤ 200/mm3.
Heterosexual contact is now the primary route of transmission for HIV worldwide. This study is a phase 3 trial designed to determine the effectiveness and safety of the 1.0% C31G (SAVVY) vaginal gel for the prevention of male-to-female transmission of HIV among women at high risk.
The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility, cost and effectiveness of interventions designed to integrate buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence into HIV primary care in ten HIV care centers in the U.S.
This study is designed to test if a sequential protease-inhibitor (PI) - / nevirapine (NVP) -based regimen is effective for the treatment of HIV-infected children when previous NVP exposure has occurred as part of programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT).
The immune systems of some individuals may be capable of resisting HIV infection. These individuals do not appear to be infected with HIV despite multiple sexual encounters with HIV infected partners. This study will examine the immune systems of these individuals to determine what factors are responsible for their ability to resist HIV infection. Study hypothesis: Some long-term, multiply-exposed seronegative persons have relative resistance to HIV infection maintained by T cell responses.
The female condom offers women a potentially important option for HIV prevention. This study will develop and evaluate a health education program to increase female condom use among ethnically diverse women.
The purpose of this study is to obtain informed consent to use stored human biological materials (HBM) (e.g., blood and other tissues) for future studies that may include genetic testing.
The primary objective of this multi-center sub-study of USPHS Study 23: "Intensive Pharmacokinetic Study of Intermittent Rifabutin and Isoniazid with Daily Efavirenz in Combination with Two Nucleoside Analogs for Treatment of HIV and Tuberculosis Co-infections," is to compare the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin at 600 mg twice a week in combination with efavirenz 600 mg daily to the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin 300 mg twice a week without efavirenz. Secondary objectives are: (1) To describe pharmacokinetics of both rifabutin and efavirenz in combination regimen, (2) To evaluate the safety of concomitant efavirenz and rifabutin, (3) To assess the effect on absolute neutrophil count by changing rifabutin dose and adding efavirenz to the regimen, (4) To develop models of optimal sampling times for rifabutin dosed twice a week, (5) To describe the pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in combination with efavirenz daily with two NRTIs, (6) To compare the pharmacokinetics of isoniazid with and without efavirenz.