View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:Background Lack of breastfeeding, at a minimum, doubles the risk of infant death in the first six months of life. Many infants in low resourced settings at high risk of infectious disease morbidity and death are deprived of the immunological and nutritional benefits of breast milk, through an attenuated duration of breast milk exposure. South Africa has one of the lowest exclusive breastfeeding rates in Africa, 8% in infants under 6 months of age. Mobile phone text messaging as a simple, low-cost intervention improves medication adherence among patients with HIV, diabetes and tuberculosis. Motivational interviewing has been beneficial across many health problems, including HIV viral load suppression, body weight loss, and alcohol and tobacco use. Combining a number of intervention approaches is more likely to influence behaviour change than an individual approach. Investigators assume that continued breastfeeding is sustained among women living with HIV receiving weekly text messages combined with motivational interviewing and that this contributes to improved infant health outcomes. Objectives: 1. To determine the effects of mobile phone text messaging combined with motivational interviewing versus standard of care on: (a) Continued exclusive breastfeeding to six month of child age, (b) Continued any form of breastfeeding to 6 month of child age. 2. To determine the contribution of the combined intervention on improved infant health outcomes: (a) Infant morbidity (all -cause hospitalization) and death (all -causes, (b) Infant growth. Methods Investigators propose a group sequential clinical trial to determine whether text messaging combined with motivational interviewing will prolong breastfeeding and the contribution of the combined intervention on improved infant health outcomes. The study will recruit 275 women living with HIV and HIV exposed infants at birth and randomly assign study interventions for 6 months.
The study seeks to define the expected blood levels of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications (tenofovir) for cisgender women taking directly observed oral PrEP therapy to understand the frequency of PrEP dosing associated with HIV protection in cisgender women. Cisgender women will be randomly assigned to receive varying frequency of weekly PrEP doses and followed for up to 16 weeks. The study will also investigate how pregnancy affects the expected blood levels to help define optimal dosing of PrEP for HIV prevention during pregnancy.
Chronic pain is highly comorbid among the 1.2 million persons living with HIV, with recent prevalence estimates ranging from 55-67%. Needed are evidenced-based non-pharmacological interventions to improve chronic pain management and reduce the demand for opioids in the United States. The proposed research will address this need by examining the feasibility and acceptability of Tai Chi as a mind-body intervention for chronic pain management in an HIV population.
The study investigators are conducting foundational pharmacokinetic (PK) and qualitative studies, among 15-24 years old (inclusive) adolescent girls and young women living with HIV (AGYWLHIV) already on oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) and virally suppressed, leading up to a hybrid type I effectiveness-implementation trial randomizing individual AGYWLHIV to receive long-acting (LA) injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine vs. standard of care within one of Kenya's largest HIV treatment programs. The PK and qualitative studies will investigate potential issues arising from co-delivery and guide delivery of the effectiveness-implementation trial. The PK and qualitative studies will largely be conducted with a sentinel cohort of AGYWLHIV. Learning from this early LA ART use, the investigators will refine the procedures in the LA ART hybrid trial.
On 11 February 2020, the International Committee for the Classification of Viruses named the disease caused by SAＲS-CoV-2 infection in humans as the new coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19). People infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are affected by their underlying diseases and are listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a high-risk population of SARS-CoV-2 infection.To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in those patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection , and to guide the COVID-19 vaccination more scientifically, reasonably and effectively, this study was carried out.
The investigators will implement a 24-month fractional factorial design study (Aim 1). The investigators will recruit 510 patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) at three City of Cape Town ART clinics. Each patient will have adherence monitored using the Wisepill® electronic adherence monitoring device (EAM). After eligibility has been confirmed, each participant will be randomized to one of 16 experimental conditions. Each condition includes a unique combination of five adherence intervention components. Three of these components focus on identifying individuals with poor adherence, with increasing degrees of sophistication, with immediate linkage to adherence support. Two components focus on supporting good adherence. They both supplement the existing adherence support program delivered at the study clinics operated by City of Cape Town (standard of care component). Based on Self-Determination Theory, the investigators postulate these intervention components will: 1) enhance feelings of autonomy support, social support, and knowledge; 2) improve motivation and self-competence; and 3) increase ART retention, adherence, and viral suppression. A subset of the participants, as well as clinic staff, will be invited to in-depth interviews to explore mediating factors (Aim 1) and the implementation process (Aim 2); and the data collected in Aims 1 and 2 will be used to explore cost effectiveness (Aim 3).
Sepsis is a common and critical complication in HIV-infected patients and an important marker of high risk of patient death. The widely used diagnostic criteria for sepsis still have many deficiencies and do not allow for good prediction and timely determination of the onset of sepsis. In HIV-infected patients, abnormal activation of monocyte-macrophage is also a key mechanism in the development of their sepsis. Monocyte distribution width (MDW) is a marker of the degree of peripheral blood monocyte activation and has been recommended abroad for the early diagnosis of adult sepsis patients in emergency departments. However, in China, MDW has not been applied to the clinic yet, and the related studies are almost blank. Therefore, it is worthwhile to analyze the monocyte activation status of HIV-infected patients by MDW assay and thus predict the occurrence of sepsis.
The Managing Hypertension Among People Living with HIV: An InTegrated Model (MAP-IT) a stepped wedge, cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of practice facilitation (PF) on the integration of a Task-Shifting Strategy for hypertension (HTN) control (TASSH) into HIV care for management of HTN in people living with HIV (PLWH). The study will recruit 960 PLWH across 30 primary health centers (PHCs) in Akwa Ibom State (32 patients/PHC).
The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility, acceptability and effect of a combined smoking cessation intervention integrating contingency management (reward-based) strategies with Mindfulness training to identify the optimal dynamic strategy to promote smoking cessation among HIV patients.
Immunodeficiency associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could predispose people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) to defective serological responses following infection or vaccination. To evaluate the health outcomes of coronovirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and HIV co-infection, PLHA and HIV-uninfected persons in Hong Kong are invited to join a study for understanding their clinical characteristics and for tracking their levels of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) over a one-year observation period after infection or vaccination. The results could inform the development of prevention and control strategy for PLHA in response to the emerging coronavirus threats.