View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to find if the Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) scan is as effective as a liver biopsy (using a special needle to remove tissue from the liver) in examining liver damage in patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). A standard way to examine the liver for disease has been to perform a liver biopsy. The SPECT scan, which takes a picture of the liver, has been found to be effective in determining liver damage but studies need to be done in patients with hepatitis. This study will compare the effectiveness of the liver biopsy and SPECT scan in determining liver disease in patients with HIV and HCV. The SPECT scan might be a good replacement for the liver biopsy if it is found to be as good as or better than liver biopsies.
The purpose of this study is to see if the multidrug combination of zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine (3TC), 1592U89 (abacavir [ABC]), and 141W94 (amprenavir [APV]) is a safe and effective treatment for HIV-infected patients and if there is a reduction of active HIV in blood and other tissues. HIV infection is a life-changing illness and new HIV treatments must be tested. This study will test if a 4-drug combination will reduce HIV virus activity in blood and other tissues and if it is safe and well tolerated. Doctors also want to know if the multidrug combination is able to decrease viral activity over a long time period.
The purpose of this study was to find a safe and tolerable dose of the protease inhibitor (PI) atazanavir (ATV), with or without a low-dose boost of the PI ritonavir (RTV), when taken with other anti-HIV drugs in HIV infected infants, children, and adolescents. Advancements in anti-HIV drugs for HIV infected children and adolescents have been hard to make, in part because these patients often do not take the drugs as prescribed. ATV may be a better option because it is available in the form of powder which children and adolescents may be more willing to take regularly. Using a low dose of RTV as a boosting agent for ATV may also increase the chances of virologic response of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART)-experienced patients. This study aimed to find safe and tolerable doses of ATV with or without low-dose RTV boost in infants, children, and adolescents. For this study, participants were enrolled in the United States and South Africa.
This study will test the safety, side effects and anti-HIV activity of different doses of capravirine in children and adolescents with HIV infection. Capravirine belongs to a class of drugs called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), which prevent the virus from replicating (making more copies of itself). Other NNRTIs are nevirapine, delavirdine and efavirenz. HIV-infected children between the ages of 4 months and 21 years may be eligible for this study if they: 1) have received less than 6 weeks of treatment with antiretroviral drugs; 2) have not benefited from antiretroviral therapy after 12 weeks of treatment; 3) cannot continue antiretroviral treatment because of harmful side effects. For the first week of the study, participants will have a 1-week "washout period" in which they will receive no anti-HIV therapy. During this time, they will have physical, eye and neuropsychologic examinations, blood and urine tests, echocardiogram, electrocardiogram (EKG), chest X-ray, head CT scan and skin tests. These physical exams and tests will be repeated throughout the study to determine changes in health. After the washout period, patients will take capravirine once a day in the morning for 6 days. After each dose, a small amount of blood will be drawn at 8 different times over 12 hours to measure the activity of the drug and HIV blood levels. A heparin lock will be placed in the vein to avoid multiple needlesticks. After the 6 days of capravirine there will be another washout period, this time for 21 days. During this time, doctors will determine the optimum combination therapy for the individual patient. After the second washout, patients will begin combination therapy with capravirine plus at least two other anti-HIV medicines. (These may include a reverse transcriptase inhibitor such as zidovudine, didanosine, lamuvidine, zalcitabine, or stavudine, and maybe one or more protease inhibitors such as ritonavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir, indinavir or amprenavir.) For the first week, patients will have a daily blood test to determine HIV blood levels. Afterwards, treatment will continue on an outpatient basis with clinic visits every 4 to 8 weeks for physical exams, lab tests and other procedures as required. The study will last approximately 48 weeks. Patients who benefit from capravirine therapy may be able to continue to receive the drug from the drug company sponsor or as part of another study, or the protocol for this study may be amended to lengthen the treatment period.
The purpose of this study is to see if 2 study vaccines, ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) and gp160 MN/LAI-2, are safe and effective in boosting the body's attacks on HIV in HIV-positive patients. HIV-infected patients who have been treated with anti-HIV drugs for a long time may have weakened immune responses. One way to strengthen these responses may be to have a safe and effective vaccine, which will boost immune responses that are specific to HIV.
The purpose of this study is to see how the vaccines Remune (HIV-1 immunogen) and vCP1452 affect immune responses in patients who also are taking anti-HIV medications. This study also will see if these vaccines are safe to use either alone or in combination. Treatment with anti-HIV drugs does not always keep HIV viral load low and under control. This study will look at the effect of the HIV vaccine, vCP1452, on the immune response and how it works in combination with Remune. Information about immune responses and the safety of these vaccines in HIV-positive patients will be gathered.
The purpose of this study is to determine how laboratory tests called genotyping and phenotyping assess the effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection. Some HIV-infected patients have measurable levels of virus in their blood even though they are taking combination drug therapy-including didanosine, stavudine, or efavirenz-against HIV. Genotyping and phenotyping can be used to test for resistance to a specific drug, thereby providing information that can help doctors decide on optimal drug treatment for a given patient. Genotyping identifies mutations, or changes, the virus undergoes that allow it to continue to grow despite drug treatment. Phenotyping involves growing the virus in test tubes with different amounts of drug and then calculating how much drug is required to stop its growth. Patients 18 years of age and older with HIV infection and viral levels between 5000 and 100,000 copies per milliliter of blood who have been taking antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a urine test and various blood tests, including genotyping and phenotyping. Participants will have a series of tests to determine whether or not a drug is active against HIV. This involves temporarily stopping the drug under study (i.e., either efavirenz or didanosine or stavudine). The study procedure is as follows: 1. Patients will have six blood tests over 10 days to measure viral load while on all current anti-HIV medications. On one of those days two blood tests will be done to measure levels of didanosine or stavudine. Efavirenz will also be measured if this drug is to be stopped. 2. The patient will temporarily stop the drug under while continuing to take the other drugs. (Efavirenz will be stopped for 3 weeks; stavudine and didanosine will be stopped for 2 weeks.) Seven blood tests will be done at the following intervals to measure viral load: For patients who stop efavirenz, blood will be drawn on days 13, 18, 20, 22, 24,28 and 30. (Day 0 is the first day of the study.) Patients who stop stavudine or didanosine will have blood drawn on days 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 22 and 24. Repeat genotype and phenotype testing will also be done during this time, and a CD4 count (measurement of a certain type of white blood cell) will be done at the end of this 2- or 3-week period. 3. The drug that was stopped will be restarted and viral load tests will be repeated. For pati...
The purpose of this research is to study the effects of rosiglitazone, a drug usually taken for Type II diabetes, on HIV-associated hyperlipidemia. HIV-associated lipodystrophy is a medical condition characterized by gradual changes in the distribution of body fat. The body fat located in the extremities and face disappears while body fat around the abdomen and upper back increases. Certain biochemical changes occur in association with these changes in fat distribution. Lipid levels particularly serum triglycerides are increased. HDL, the "good cholesterol" is decreased. Higher than normal level of insulin or insulin resistance is also found in this condition. This latter condition is one of the hallmarks of Type II diabetes. The protease inhibitors, a class of HIV medications, are associated with the occurrence of HIV-associated lipodystrophy. It has been suggested that a biochemical pathway known as the peripheral peroxisomal activating receptor (PPAR) gamma system is blocked leading to the onset of this condition. Rosiglitazone is a new drug approved by the FDA in 1999 for the treatment of type II diabetes. It lowers blood sugar by improving insulin resistance, which as mentioned before, is the hallmark of Type II diabetes. It has also been noted to improve blood lipid levels. Rosiglitazone works by stimulating the PPAR gamma system. It is hoped that this drug can turn on the PPAR system and reverse the HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome.
The purpose of this study is to compare 2 different types of tests of the HIV virus to see which specific anti-HIV drugs would work the best. Drug resistance is a major reason for therapy failure in HIV patients. Two types of tests can detect resistance to drugs: 1) genotyping (sequencing), which looks at the DNA sequence of a virus to see whether it has developed any genetic resistance; 2) phenotyping, which looks at the ability of different drugs to suppress virus growth in the laboratory. Genotyping and phenotyping can help doctors give patients the most effective drug therapy.
The purpose of this study is to see how often human papillomavirus (HPV) occurs in HIV-infected women who have not taken anti-HIV drugs and to learn whether taking anti-HIV drugs will affect HPV in women. HIV infection increases the risk of getting HPV infection. Findings suggest that HIV infection as well as a weakened immune system may increase the chances of getting HPV. Aggressive anti-HIV medication has been shown to strengthen the immune system. Researchers want to learn whether anti-HIV drugs affect the HPV virus or decrease the chances of getting HPV. This study is important because it may provide important information to help manage a woman's health and to determine a woman's risk for developing problems with the cervix (outer end of the uterus).