View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to compare pictures of the brain of HIV-infected people with memory problems before and after treatment with selegiline. Selegiline is the study drug received through A5090. HIV patients generally develop memory problems late in the disease. This will be examined using noninvasive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). The effect of the drug selegiline on memory problems also will be examined.
This study will examine the emotional and behavioral aspects of long-term survival of HIV/AIDS among adolescents and young adults with HIV infection. HIV-infected individuals between 13 and 23 years of age may be eligible for this study. They must be aware of their HIV diagnosis, have been infected for at least 13 years and have been on an active NIH protocol during the past 5 years. In addition to the usual stresses of growing up, children with HIV infection may have spent much of their time in hospitals and may have lost parents, friends and other loved ones. This study will explore psychological aspects of growing up with HIV, including self esteem, possible risk behaviors, how disclosure to others changes over time, the commonness of anxiety and depression, and the impact that losses have had on the adolescents' emotional health. To gather this information, participants will be interviewed and asked to fill out a set of forms. Caregivers will also fill out forms. Patients who are not currently on an active NIH protocol will have the option of having a physical examination and routine blood work. The results will be sent to their home care provider.
The purpose of this study is to determine how safe it is to give patients a shot that has a mixture of a vaccine and dendritic cells (DCs), a special kind of immune cell, and how safe it is to give a shot of the vaccine alone. Current HIV vaccines have not been strong enough to give good immune responses. Research has shown that the immune response to a vaccine delivered by DCs is greater than the response without DC delivery. A5130 is a study that seeks to give good delivery of the vaccine to important immune cells of the body.
This 2-part study will examine 1) the immune response to influenza (flu) vaccine in HIV-infected patients, and 2) the effect of flu vaccine on HIV viral loads. Earlier studies have shown that people with HIV infection do not respond as well to flu vaccine as healthy subjects; that is, they don't make as many antibodies in response to the vaccine. Also, studies done before the use of HAART (highly active antiretroviral treatment) have shown that HIV levels increase for a period of time after flu vaccination. One small study showed a small brief increase in HIV even in patients taking HAART. The current trial will examine whether the flu vaccine does, in fact, cause an elevation in viral load and whether this increase is harmful or indicates a better response to the vaccine. HIV-infected patients and healthy normal volunteers between 18 and 60 years of age may be eligible for part1of this study. (Healthy volunteers will serve as control subjects to make sure the flu vaccine stimulates production of enough antibody to protect against the flu). Part 2 will include only HIV-infected patients with fewer than 50 copies per milliliter of HIV. Patients in both parts of the study must have been receiving HAART (consisting of at least two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or a protease inhibitor) for at least 3 months before enrollment in the study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history and blood tests, including HLA testing (a genetic test of immune system markers). Women who are able to have children will have a pregnancy test. Pregnant women are excluded from the study. Participants will undergo the following procedures: - Part 1 - Immune Response to Flu Vaccine In the first of two visits, participants will have blood drawn for flu antibody levels before vaccination and, in HIV-infected patients, measures of T cell count and viral load. They will then receive the flu vaccine. Blood will be drawn at a second visit 28 days later for the same tests. - Part 2 - Effect of Flu Vaccine on Viral Levels Participants will be randomly assigned to receive the flu vaccine either at the beginning of their enrollment in the study (immediate) or 3 weeks after enrollment (deferred). Those in the immediate group receive the flu vaccine on the first day (day 0) and have blood drawn on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, 28, 31, 35, 38 and 42. Those in the deferred group are vaccinated on day 21 and have blood drawn on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, 28, 31, 35, 38, 42 and 49. The blood is tested for viral load, CD4 cell counts and antibody levels.
This study will evaluate the effects of intermittent short cycles of HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) for treating HIV infection. HAART is a multi-drug regimen that is very effective in suppressing HIV and perhaps slowing or halting progression to AIDS. However, the treatment has significant drawbacks: it cannot completely rid the body of virus; long-term therapy carries a risk of toxicity (harmful side effects); and the regimen is difficult to comply with because many pills and capsules must be taken daily. When patients stop taking HAART, their HIV levels climb again. This study will see if giving HAART in short cycles of 7 days on, 7 days off, can keep viral levels low while maintaining CD4+ T cell counts. HIV-infected people age 18 or older who are receiving HAART and have a viral load of less than 50 copies/ml and a CD4+ T cell count of at least 175 cells/mm3 may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history and physical examination, blood and urine tests, and possibly a chest X-ray and electrocardiogram. Women of childbearing potential will have a pregnancy test. Participants will be randomly assigned to either continue their current medication regimen or to take HAART in intermittent cycles of 7 days off, 7 days on. Patients will continue treatment for 72 weeks or until viral levels increase or CD4+ T cell counts decline to a level of concern. Upon entering the study, patients will have blood tests to monitor the amount of virus in the blood, CD4+ T cell count, viral resistance to HAART medications, side effects of the drug, and immune response to HIV in the test tube. They will have clinic visits for a history, physical examination and blood draws every month for 12 months. At that time, depending on T cell counts and viral load, the number of visits may be reduced, but never less frequently than every other month. Patients will also undergo leukapheresis-a procedure for collecting quantities of white blood cells-every 3 to 4 months while on the study. For this procedure, whole blood is collected through a needle in an arm vein (similar to donating blood). The blood is circulated through a cell separator where the white cells are removed, and the rest of the blood (plasma, red cells and platelets) is returned through the same needle or through a second one in the other arm. The collected white cells are used for special studies on the level and function of T cells and to detect hidden virus.
Several complications have become prevalent in people living with HIV/AIDS, including increased blood sugar, increased blood fats and cholesterol, and fat tissue redistribution. The causes of these complications are not well understood and effective treatments have not been identified. We propose to test the efficacy and safety of 2 treatments for these complications in people living with HIV/AIDS: aerobic, weight lifting exercise training, and a new insulin-sensitizing agent called rosiglitazone (Avandia). Exercise and rosiglitazone have been effective and moderately safe when used in HIV-seronegative people with diabetes, but a specific trial is needed to test efficacy and safety in people living with HIV/AIDS.
This study will test the safety, side effects and antiviral activity of different doses of tenofovir DF in children and adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Tenofovir DF belongs to a group of drugs called nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors. These drugs prevent the virus from replicating (making more copies of itself). HIV becomes resistant to many drugs used to fight the virus and these drugs become ineffective. In laboratory tests, tenofovir DF has remained effective against HIV longer than other anti-HIV medicines, and when resistance does develop, the virus may still be sensitive to other drugs. HIV-infected children between the ages of 4 and 18 years who weigh at least 10 kg (22 pounds) may be eligible for this study. They must be able to receive antiretroviral therapy and have completed at least two previous antiretroviral courses of treatment without benefit. Upon entering the study, participants will have physical, eye and neuropsychiatric examinations, blood tests, including tests to determine what anti-HIV drugs the patient is resistant to, an echocardiogram (echo), electrocardiogram (EKG), chest X-ray, head CT scan, skin tests, and special tests to examine the bones. These physical exams and tests will be repeated throughout the study to determine changes in health. Participants will continue their current anti-HIV therapy for 2 weeks and then stop all medicines for a 1-week 'washout' period. After the washout period, patients will begin taking tenofovir DF. For the first 2 days on the drug, a small blood sample (1/2 teaspoon) will be collected 11 times over a 48-hour period through. A heparin lock (a tube kept in place in a vein) may be put in place to avoid multiple needle sticks. Blood samples will be collected for another 4 days to measure how well tenofovir DF alone works against HIV before other drugs are added to the treatment regimen. After these first 6 days, at least two other anti-HIV drugs will be added. They will be selected based on the results of the earlier blood tests for resistance and on the child's medication history. After 3 days of combination therapy, patients will continue therapy on an outpatient basis. They will be seen in the clinic every 4 weeks at the start of the study and then every 12 weeks for physical exams, lab tests and other procedures as needed. The study will last approximately 48 weeks. Patients who benefit from therapy may be able to continue to receive tenofovir DF from the drug company sponsor or as part of another study, or the protocol for this study may be amended to lengthen the treatment period.
The purpose of this study is to provide biomedical and behavioral information that is necessary for planning and starting HIV prevention trials in Lima, Peru. The occurrence of HIV is high among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Lima, Peru, and bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HSV-2 (genital herpes) are very prevalent in HIV-positive and -negative MSM there. Methods to reduce both HIV and STDs are urgently needed among MSM in Peru. The information gained from this study is very important for future HIV prevention and vaccine trials that will take place in Peru.
The aim of this trial is to study the efavirenz-rifabutin interaction. Thus, this trial will enroll patients with HIV and tuberculosis co-infections who are receiving a rifabutin-based regimen and who plan to begin an antiretroviral regimen containing efavirenz dosed at 600 mg daily. Enrollment in TB Trials Consortium Study 23 is not a requirement for participation in this study. Primary Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin at 600 mg twice a week in combination with efavirenz 600 mg daily to the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin 300 mg twice a week without efavirenz.
Primary Objective: To define the impact of nelfinavir (given at 1250mg bid as part of a combination antiretroviral regimen) on peak levels and area under the curve for rifabutin and the rifabutin metabolite, 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin when rifabutin is given at 300 mg bi-weekly as part of tuberculosis chemotherapy. Secondary Objectives: To compare the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir given twice daily at 1250 mg bid with twice-weekly isoniazid and rifabutin to the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir 1250 mg twice-daily in historical HIV-infected patients not receiving isoniazid and rifabutin. To evaluate the correlation between pharmacokinetic parameters of rifabutin and 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin and the occurrence of toxicity attributed to rifabutin in patients with HIV-related tuberculosis. To define detailed pharmacokinetics of isoniazid given at 15mg/kg or 900 mg in patients with HIV-related tuberculosis. To attempt to derive optimal sampling times for nelfinavir and rifabutin pharmacokinetic studies.