View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:Females have a lower incidence of hypertensive and cardiovascular disorders that may relate to differences in nitrogen oxides in the blood and saliva. Some nitrogen oxides are recycled with the help of oral bacteria to nitric oxide which is protective against vascular disorders. This study will test the hypothesis that females have different numbers and species of these nitrogen-oxide reducing bacteria.
People who originate from the Indian subcontinent known as South Asians are the fastest growing group of non-white Canadians. They suffer an excess prevalence of abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. They also develop these risk factors at significantly lower body weight and at younger ages compared to people of European origin. The purpose of SAHARA (South Asian HeArt Risk Assessment) Pilot, is to recruit 400 South Asians from Ontario, who use the internet, email and other multimedia devices. Among these participants the investigators will compare the effectiveness of a 6-month interactive multi-media health behaviour intervention to usual care in reducing cardiac risk factors. This intervention enables participants to set their health goals and provides health messaging and feedback designed to improve their smoking, dietary habits and physical activity. In addition, the investigators will test if knowledge of genetic risk for heart attack influences behaviour change and their heart health risk factor profile. The information generated from SAHARA will enable individuals, physicians, health professionals, and policy makers to develop risk factor modification programs to prevent cardiovascular disease in this high-risk group.
This study aims to find out whether breast feeding optimization will increase breast feeding rates and to evaluate its effect on cardiovascular risk and general health of children.
Akershus Cardiac Examination (ACE) 1950 Study is a large, observational, prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort study. The overall aim is to establish an extensive cardio- and cerebrovascular age cohort of elderly subjects for various longitudinal long-term follow-up studies of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
Diabetes and heart associations continue to discourage high intakes of dietary fructose, a constituent part of the sucrose molecule that is found in fruits and vegetables as a natural sugar and in some processed foods and beverages as an added sweetener. The concern relates to its ability to increase certain blood fats and cholesterol, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The evidence for an adverse effect of fructose on these risk factors, however, is inconclusive. To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations for fructose are based, the investigators therefore propose to study the effect of fructose on blood fats, cholesterol, sugars, blood pressure, and body weight, by undertaking a systematic synthesis of the data taken from all available clinical studies in humans. This technique has the strength of allowing all of the available data to be pooled together and differences to be explored in groups of different study participants (healthy humans of different sex, weight, and age and in those with diseases which predispose to disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetes) with dietary fructose in different forms, doses, and with differing durations of exposure. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
The main purpose of this study is to examine whether n-3 PUFA-induced changes in metabolic risk factors are influenced by genetic variations within genes acting as fatty acids sensors.
The Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study is an interdisciplinary, community-based, prospective longitudinal epidemiologic study examining the influences of race and socioeconomic status (SES) on the development of age-related health disparities among socioeconomically diverse African Americans and whites in Baltimore. This study investigates whether health disparities develop or persist due to differences in SES, differences in race, or their interaction. HANDLS is unique because it assesses physical parameters as well as evaluating genetic, biologic, demographic, and psychosocial parameters of African American and white participants over a wide range of socioeconomic statuses, longitudinally. HANDLS also employs novel research tools, mobile medical research vehicles, in hopes of improving participation rates and retention among non-traditional research participants. The domains of the HANDLS study include: nutrition, cognition, biologic biomarkers, body composition and bone quality, physical function and performance, psychology, genomics, neighborhood environment and cardiovascular disease. Utilizing data from these study domains will facilitate an understanding of selected underlying factors of persistent black-white health disparities in overall longevity, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive decline. HANDLS recruited a fixed cohort as an area probability sample of Baltimore City from August 2004 through November 2009 as Wave 1. HANDLS Wave 2 entitled The Association of Personality and Socioeconomic status with Health Status An Interim Follow-up Study began in June 2006 under a separate protocol. It was designed as a follow-up telephone interview approximately 18 months after the initial examination (Wave 1) was complete. Wave 2 provided interim contact with study participants, and important interim information regarding their health. Now completed, waves 3, 4 and 5 were follow-up examinations visits to our mobile Medical Research Vehicles (MRVs). In September 2020, HANDLS initiated wave 6; telephone interviews and limited in-person visits as a COVID-centric protocol. The current protocol outlines Wave 7, the fourth follow-up examination and the participants fifth visit to our mobile Medical Research Vehicles (MRVs). Planned as a follow-up after 3-4 years, Wave 7 consists of health examinations, questionnaires, sensory assessments (visual and olfactory), health literacy assessment, renal function assessments, environmental assessments, and for a sub-set of participants; structural MRIs, a personality inventory and an examination of sleep and cognition under separate protocols. HANDLS will resume in-person examinations with wave 7 in which we will prioritize contacting participants who were not seen in wave 5.
In 2010, the sponsor conducted an observational study, entitled as "Nationwide Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Blood Pressure, Blood Lipid, and Blood Glucose, in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes - 3B Study " which was to evaluate the level of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factor control and its regional difference in China. As a continuation, this extension of the 3B Study is designed to assess the incidence of cardiovascular events, cardio-renal events, and other microvascular complications, in 1, 2 and 3 years in patients with type 2 diabetes and with high risk of (CVD) with or without existing or history of coronary artery diseases.
Background: - There has been little research on the long-term health effects from oil spills, even though at least 10 percent of all oil tanker spills between 1970 and 2009 have affected coastal populations. The Deepwater Horizon disaster, with its release of approximately 5 million barrels (~680,000 tons) of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico, is far larger than any of the individual tanker spills. Given the magnitude of this spill and the scope of the potential exposures, including the 55,000 workers involved in clean-up efforts and countless residents of the affected areas, researchers are interested in monitoring Gulf clean-up workers to understand the adverse consequences of oil spills in general. - The Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study will investigate health effects associated with the clean-up activities following the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010. More than 100,000 persons completed safety training in preparation for participation in clean-up activities related to the spill. Many of these individuals participated in active clean-up efforts, but others did not. Exposures among persons involved in clean-up range from negligible to potentially significant, especially for workers involved in tasks associated with direct exposure to crude or burning oil, or to chemical dispersants. However, prediction of adverse health effects is not possible because the long-term human health consequences of oil spills are largely unknown. In addition to the oil itself, the widespread economic and lifestyle disruption caused by the oil spill may contribute to mental health problems among this population. Objectives: - To investigate potential short- and long-term health effects associated with clean-up activities and exposures surrounding the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Eligibility: - English-, Spanish-, and Vietnamese-speaking workers and volunteers at least 21 years of age engaged or potentially engaged in oil spill clean-up operations in the Gulf of Mexico, or who lived in affected areas (Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida coastal regions). Design: - Participants will be divided into groups of those who performed oil-spill clean-up-related work ( exposed ) and those who did not engage in clean-up-related work ( unexposed controls). - Participants will be screened with a full medical history and physical examination, as well as an interview to determine the nature of their potential exposure. - Participants will provide blood, hair, toenail, urine, and saliva (spit) samples. Participants may also have a lung function exam. - Participants will have researchers collect dust from their homes by using wipes and special vacuum bags. - Participants will also provide detailed contact information, including their Social Security number, to be contacted in the future for long-term health follow-up appointments. These appointments will include 30-minute telephone interviews every 2 years....
Moderate to severe sleep apnea (a high number of breathing pauses on a sleep study) is a common health problem that is often associated with loud snoring and sleepiness.The medical term for this problem is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). People with OSA often have an increased risk for developing heart disease or may already have a diagnosis of heart disease. A clinical research study is being conducted at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center to compare the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to conservative medical therapy with participation in one of four groups: - CPAP Therapy Group: Standard medical treatment for sleep apnea, with CPAP mask worn during sleep. Participants randomized to either Respiratory Therapist (RT)only or RT with Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. - Alternative CPAP Group: Different air delivery level from mask than CPAP Therapy Group. RT meetings. - Conventional Medical Therapy (CMT) Group: Receive one year supply of nasal strips and follow guidelines for how to change sleep habits to minimize apnea.Frequent follow-up support with research coordinator. A sleep doctor or cardiologist will have indicated that a potential participant is an appropriate candidate to receive CPAP or CMT as acceptable approaches to treat his/her sleep apnea. Participants will be recruited between the ages of 45-75 years who have diagnosed heart disease or between 55-75 years for those who have risk factors for developing heart disease. This is a 12 month study* to evaluate alternative ways to address the potential for OSA treatment to reduce heart disease and to identify those features that would strengthen a later, large-scale randomized controlled trial. *For those randomized after December 31, 2012, the study will be 6 months long. We will test the hypothesis that active treatment for OSA with CPAP reduces CVD morbidity and mortality.