View clinical trials related to Pneumonia.
Filter by:Extremely premature (BW<1250g) infants are at high risk for morbidity and mortality. Own mother's colostrum (OMC) and milk (OMM) protect against neonatal morbidity and are rich in immune factors which may provide immunostimulatory effects when administered oropharyngeally to extremely premature infants during the first weeks of life. The investigators hypothesize that infants who receive oropharyngeal mother's colostrum and milk will have significantly lower rates of infection and improved health outcomes, compared to infants who receive a placebo.
Staying out of the hospital is valued by patients and their caregivers. Their interests converge with those of hospitals now that high 30-day readmission rates for some conditions place hospitals at risk for financial penalties from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. This study focuses on developing and testing a program that combines a community health worker (lay patient advocate, acting as a "Patient Navigator") and a peer-led telephone support line to improve patient experience during hospital to home transition.
PCP (Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) is one of the important opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients including HIV-infected patients, transplant recipients, and immunosuppressant users. About one third of non-HIV patients with PCP have the evidence of co-infection with CMV. In this difficult clinical situation, physicians have difficulty to decide on whether anti-CMV treament will help patients with any evidence of CMV co-infection. However, there is no objective test to differentiate true co-infection of CMV from innocent bystander of CMV in those with PCP. The investigators thus evaluate the usefulness of CMV-specific ELISPOT assay in patients with PCP to differentiate true co-infection of CMV from inocent bystander of CMV. This findings may guide physicians to decide anti-CMV treatment in patients with PCP and CMV co-infection.
Chest pain is an alarming symptom and one of the most frequent causes of access to the Emergency Departement. Although chest X-ray remains an essential step in the diagnostic process, several studies showed numerous limitations of radiography which frequently is inconclusive. Ultrasonography is a non-radiating imaging technique. Albeit a wide use of ultrasound, the utilization of ultrasound in the study of the lung has only recently been introduced in the clinical practice. Several studies proved that lung ultrasound is useful in the diagnosis of lung consolidation in community acquired pneumonia. Nowadays, ultrasound is not routinely used in the presence of chest pain. Our hypothesis based on clinical experience is that, in patients with pleuritic chest pain, lung ultrasound is very sensitive in detecting pneumonia and other lung diseases (such as pneumothorax) thus performing better than radiography. The primary aim of this study is to verify, in patients affected by pleuritic chest pain, the accuracy of lung ultrasound compared to chest-X-ray. The secondary aim is to evaluate the accuracy of lung ultrasound consolidations in distinguishing lung consolidation in pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary infarction, or tumors.
Intraoperative intravenous fluid management practice varies greatly between anesthesiologists. Postoperative fluid based weight gain is associated with major morbidity. Postoperative respiratory complications are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. The literature shows conflicting data regarding intraoperative fluid resuscitation volume. No large-scale studies have focused on intraoperative fluid management and postoperative respiratory dysfunction. Hypotheses: Primary - Liberal intraoperative fluid resuscitation is associated with an increased risk of 30 day mortality Secondary - Liberal intraoperative fluid resuscitation is associated with increased likelihood of postoperative respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, reintubation, atelectasis, acute kidney injury and peri-extubation oxygen desaturation.
Hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have reduced functional capacity, peripheral muscle strength and quality of life. Despite the high incidence and severity has not yet been demonstrated whether a physical training program can change these outcomes. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of an exercise training program in patients hospitalized for CAP, to compare this effects with traditional physical therapy and assess whether the inflammatory markers correlate with the functional status of the patient and type of treatment. Methods: A controlled, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Patients hospitalized for CAP, adults, conscious, hemodynamically stable and independent to walk will be studied. In the first day, a medical history, measured dyspnea, incremental shuttle walk test, Glittre test, measurement of peripheral muscle strength, spirometry, and the application of quality of life questionnaire Shor Form 36 will be held. The measurement of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor) will also be held. Patients will be randomized into two groups: one will perform a program of physical training (stretching, active resistance exercises and aerobic exercises) and the other group held the traditional physical therapy (bronchial hygiene, breathing exercises and walking) for eight days. On the tenth day the same assessment will be carried out initially described.
Globally, approximately 2.1 million children die of pneumonia each year. Most deaths occur in resource-poor settings in Africa and Asia. Oxygen (O2) therapy is essential to support life in these patients. Large gaps remain in the case management of children presenting to African hospitals with respiratory distress, including essential supportive therapies such as supplemental oxygen. We hypothesize that a novel strategy for oxygen delivery, solar-powered oxygen, can be implemented in remote locations and will be non-inferior to standard oxygen delivery by compressed gas cylinders.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of PATH-wSP, administered intramuscularly to healthy Kenyan adults and toddlers who have been primed with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). Additionally, the study will explore whether a measurable immune response is elicited when PATH-wSP is administered to healthy Kenyan adults and toddlers who have been primed with PCV.
To investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of POL7080 co-administered with SoC during 10 to 14 days of treatment in VAP patients due to suspected or documented Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
Lung aspiration can occur when a rapid sequence induction of anesthesia is performed (emergency and/or presence of at least one risk factor for regurgitation of stomach contents). The aim of this study is to assess the Sellick maneuver, which is recommended for patient at high risk of aspiration of gastric content during induction of general anesthesia, despite the lack of solid evidence of its efficacy and possible adverse effects The primary outcome of this non inferiority study is the incidence of lung aspiration whether this maneuver is effectively applied or sham.