View clinical trials related to Pneumonia.
Filter by:Patients on mechanical ventilation (MV) following SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia frequently develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The incidence of MVAP during SARS-CoV-2 infections ranges from 50 to nearly 90%. In addition, up to 80% of recurrences of VAP (a new episode, most often attributable to the same bacteria) have been described, reflecting the failure of the initial antibiotic therapy. This incidence is much higher than that described for other etiologies of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The investigators hypothesize that during VAP, there is an alteration of the diffusion of intravenous antibiotics in the lung parenchyma in COVID-19 patients in relation to several factors characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This altered diffusion may explain the high number of recurrences of MVAP compared to non-COVID-19 patients.
A multicenter, exploratory clinical research, to map the radiation or immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in patients with alveolar lavage single-celled map. Find out the pathogenesis and prevention strategies of radiation or immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis. Specific treatment is given based on the recommendation of the treatment guidelines for radiation or immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis and the results of single cell sequencing, which will become a new technology for clinical application.
The purpose of this study is to learn about how well the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (20vPnC) works against radiologically-confirmed community-acquired pneumonia (RAD+CAP) due to the 7 new serotypes (types of a bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae that cause pneumonia) included in 20vPnC vaccine. This study is seeking participants who: - are male or female ≥65 years of age. - are hospitalized with physician suspicion of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). - have pneumonia confirmed with imaging like a chest x-ray Participants will be asked to provide demographic and medical history information, and to provide a urine sample that will be used to test for pneumonia caused by specific strains of a bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae. We will compare the proportion of participants who have pneumonia caused by specific strains of the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae and were previously vaccinated with 20vPnC with the proportion of participants who have pneumonia caused by something other than vaccine type Streptococcus pneumoniae and have been vaccinated with 20vPnC. Participants will actively take part in the study for about 1-2 days. Information on participant's illness and hospitalization details will be collected through day 30 of their hospitalization through medical chart review.
In older adults hospitalized for acute medical conditions, immobility, clinical treatments, and the illness itself contribute to physical deconditioning and delirium, hospital-acquired impairments that increase risk for long-term physical and mental disability, other morbidities, and death. In patients with acute respiratory failure, hospital-acquired functional impairments persist long after hospitalization, due to limited use to rehabilitative interventions in the inpatient or post-acute settings. Exercise and early mobilization interventions are safe and improve physical and cognitive impairments, but there are critical barriers to their widespread implementation in acute care and home settings, including mobility limitations, reduced cardiopulmonary reserve, limited staff, and costs. Thus, there is an unmet need to develop interventions that can be utilized in both the inpatient and home environments to improve functional recovery in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study addresses this clinical need and these barriers and will provide important feasibility and acceptability data regarding the utility of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) administered to lower extremity musculature across inpatient and post-discharge settings to improve functional and cognitive recovery in older adults hospitalized for AECOPD/CAP. Initial NMES sessions will begin during participants' stay at UVM Medical Center and will continue at home after hospital discharge. Study participants will be issued a portable NMES device to take home and instructed on its use. They will receive guidance and oversight on the use of the NMES device and will be asked to perform NMES treatments 6 days per week for 60 minutes per day for 6 weeks. Data will be collected via activity monitor, participant questionnaires and clinical assessments including strength testing and 6-minute-walk-test.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the leading cause of nosocomial infection in the ICU. The pathogens responsible are multiple, but enterobacteria constitute a major source of pathogens involved. Within this family, Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli are the two most frequent genera, with Klebsiella spp. often present in severe forms. The factors associated with the occurrence of Ventilator-associated pneumonia and its adverse course depend on host defenses and the virulence of the pathogen. The virulence of Klebsiella spp. depends on several structures, notably the presence of a capsule, the particularities of its lipopolysaccharide, its adhesins (type 3 fimbriae), its capacity to capture iron (siderophores). The objective of this work is to evaluate the role of these different virulence mechanisms in the evolution of Ventilator-associated pneumonia and the hospital prognosis.
Radiation pneumonitis is the main dose-limiting toxicity of thoracic radiotherapy, which can affect life quality, survival, and the tumor-controlling effects of patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy. The purpose of this study is to: - Identify biomarkers including serum proteins, gene expression, genetic changes, and epigenetic modifications that determine radiation pneumonitis. - Investigate the relationship between radiation pneumonitis and other toxicities induced by radiotherapy. - Construct a predictive model for radiation pneumonitis. - Evaluate survival and treatment outcome of patients with radiation pneumonitis.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and tuberculosis (TB) jointly are the leading cause of overall mortality. There is a need to integrate sustainable triage and management strategies into standard care. The TrUST study investigates the utility of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for diagnosis and prognosis of LRTIs in TB endemic regions in the outpatient triage setting. Automated interpretation of POCUS by artificial intelligence (AI) may further standardize and improve its predictive utility as well as facilitate its implementation into usual practice.
Single-center, two-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial comparing enhanced daily assessments for patients with COPD and/or CHF using point of care ultrasound with PRESUNA software (POCUS-PRESUNA) versus standard care provided by home-based acute care through a tertiary acute care medical teaching hospital. The objectives are to evaluate POCUS-PRESUNA on improving patient experience, provider experience, improve healthcare utilization/costs, and to test the feasibility of incorporating longitudinal POCUS assessments in home-based acute care via remotely acquired images by non-physicians.
Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a grave complication of stroke and one of the most important predictors for patients' poor outcomes. Stroke associated pneumoniaSAP and other infections limited the overall efficacy of stroke management. Increasing evidence suggests that sympathetic nervous system activity contributes to post post-stroke immunosuppression and emergence of infections. This study is designed to test the safety and efficacy of an adrenergic β receptor blocker propranolol in reducing SAP in hemorrhagic stroke patients, in a multi-center, randomized, open-labeled, end point-blinded, trial.
Oxygen is the most commonly administered therapy in critical illness. Accumulating evidence suggests that patients often achieve supra-physiological levels of oxygenation in the critical care environment. Furthermore, hyperoxia related complications following cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction and stroke have also been reported. The underlying mechanisms of hyperoxia mediated injury remain poorly understood and there are currently no human in vivo studies exploring the relationship between hyperoxia and direct pulmonary injury and inflammation as well as distant organ injury. The current trial is a mechanistic study designed to evaluate the effects of prolonged administration of high-flow oxygen (hyperoxia) on pulmonary and systemic inflammation. The study is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy versus matching placebo (synthetic medical air). We will also incorporate a model of acute lung injury induced by inhaled endotoxin (LPS) in healthy human volunteers. Healthy volunteers will undergo bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at 6 hours post-intervention to enable measurement of pulmonary and systemic markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and cellular injury.