View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:Numerous studies have provided evidence of a correlation between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and cognitive dysfunction, specifically in the realms of complex attention, information processing, and executive function. These impairments have been observed in middle-aged and elderly individuals with T2DM, with longer diabetes duration, suboptimal glycemic control, and the presence of diabetic complications being contributing factors. Recent research in young adults and adolescents diagnosed with T2DM has revealed cognitive and brain structural alterations in this growing demographic, suggesting that early disease mechanisms, rather than solely vascular and age-related neurodegeneration, contribute to pathogenesis. However, there remains uncertainty regarding the interplay between central and peripheral insulin resistance and its impact on cognitive dysfunction in individuals with T2DM. This study aims to investigate central insulin resistance in T2DM, elucidating its association with peripheral insulin resistance and the effects on cognitive impairments.
Insulin resistance and its relation to hyperthyrodism and Hypothyroidism
Disturbances in brain insulin-sensitivity are not only observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but also during brain aging and in dementia. Ketone monoester supplements may improve brain insulin-sensitivity, which can be quantified by measuring the gray-matter cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to intranasally administered insulin. We hypothesize that acute ketone monoester supplementation increases (regional) brain vascular function and insulin-sensitivity thereby improving cognitive performance and appetite control. The primary objective is to evaluate in older men the acute effect of ketone monoester supplementation on (regional) brain vascular function and insulin-sensitivity, as quantified by the non-invasive gold standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-perfusion method Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL). The CBF response to intranasal insulin is a robust and sensitive physiological marker of brain insulin-sensitivity. Secondary objectives are to investigate effects on cognitive performance as assessed with a neuropsychological test battery, and appetite control as quantified by functional MRI (fMRI) with visual food cues.
Using simultaneous multimodal neuroimaging (FDG-PET, fMRI, EEG), this research project will aim to further investigate in vivo brain insulin signalling by exploring the effects of acute INI administration on neurometabolic and neurovascular coupling, and on cortical electrical activity, both in individuals with normal cognitive function and those affected by Mild cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease .
Obesity and diabetes share a common insulin resistance pathway and contribute to chronic hyperglycemia. Both high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and focused ultrasound (FUS) have been explored in the context of managing insulin resistance in diabetic individuals with abdominal obesity, though they operate through different mechanisms and have different implications.
This prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional, repeated-measures comparative study compared functional and biochemical response profiles to exercise between 2 groups of chronically ill patients (chronic renal failure dialysis patients and patients with metabolic syndrome) and a group of healthy subjects. The hypothesis is that the addition of plasma metabolic intermediates associated with energy disorders linked to insulin resistance, will improve the sensitivity of the assessment of muscle oxidative metabolism abnormalities, as reported in exercise intolerant subjects. In this way, the metabolomics approach during exercise would provide a biological and functional "signature" of insulin resistance of muscular origin, discriminating between insulin-resistant patients, healthy control subjects and dialysis patients, with an exercise metabolic profile approaching that observed in insulin-resistant patients. A better understanding of metabolic abnormalities could guide muscle rehabilitation. Participants will be asked to perform an exercise test, with several blood samples taken at different exercise intensities. Researchers will compare the metabolic profile of three groups: patients with chronic kidney disease, patients with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects: - V'O2-adjusted lactate at rest and during exercise - The combination of exercise energy metabolism intermediates reflecting insulin resistance among Krebs cycle cofactors/substrates, ß-oxidation cofactors/substrates, amino acids
The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the triglyceride/glucose index (TyG index) and homeostasic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) to predict insulin resistance (IR) in obese adults
The study conducted a health survey among Thai adults in 2022 and found a significant increase in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), leading to metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The prevalence of NAFLD was 19.7%, with higher rates in individuals with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. MASLD is associated with insulin resistance and genetic polymorphisms, particularly the patatin like phospholipase domain containing 3-rs738409 variant. Additionally, physical activity was inversely related to liver disease risk, with higher step counts associated with reduced incidence of NAFLD and liver-related mortality. The study aims to investigate the impact of dietary advice and pedometer use on physical activity levels and health outcomes in MASLD patients over 24 weeks.
The objective of the study is to determine the effect of dairy product matrices on insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese adults with prediabetes. Females and males (30-65 y) will be recruited from the greater Montreal area. Upon screening, those with prediabetes will complete a 2-wk run-in period in which participants will consume 1 serving/d of regular-fat dairy products (milk, yogurt, or cheese). Adherent participants will be randomized by sex into 1 of 3 groups: ≤1 serving/d of dairy (limited dairy) or 2-3 servings/d of reduced-fat or regular-fat dairy for 12 weeks. Participants will be instructed on how to incorporate foods into their diet to prevent changes in their body weight. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp will be used before and after the intervention to document potential changes in insulin sensitivity as the primary outcome. In addition, glycemic variables, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors will be assessed as secondary outcomes. Adherence to intervention will be assessed at each visit by food diaries and a record of consumed dairy products.
This study investigates the potential of vericiguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, to improve cardiometabolic health in obese Black individuals with insulin resistance by directly enhancing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) activity. Given that this population has been shown to have lower cGMP activity and the association of lower cGMP activity with increased cardiometabolic disease risk, the proposed study hypothesizes that augmenting cGMP activity in obese individuals will improve insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure. This study is a placebo-controlled randomized trial involving 200 Black obese participants with insulin resistance, assessing the effects of vericiguat on insulin sensitivity, resting, and exercise-induced energy expenditure over 12 weeks. Additionally, it will explore changes in brown adipose tissue and gene expression related to energy metabolism in white adipose tissue, aiming to provide insights into how increasing cGMP activity may improve cardiometabolic health in Black obese individuals.