View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to determine the effect of a chrono nutrition intervention compared with a usual dietary intervention on insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes with overweight or obesity over a 6-month period. The main question it aims to answer is: What is the effect of a chrono nutrition intervention compared to a standard intervention on insulin resistance in individuals with T2D (type 2 diabetes) with overweight or obesity over a 6-month period? Participants: - Will be asked to fast for 12 hours each day. During the fasting period, they may consume non-caloric beverages such as plain water, coffee, or unsweetened tea. - They will be asked to follow a dietary plan in which the total daily calorie intake will be calculated using indirect calorimetry, subtracting 500 calories from the total calorie amount. - The dietary plan will have the following macronutrient distribution: 40% carbohydrates (<10% simple carbohydrates), 20% protein, and 40% fats (6-11% polyunsaturated, 15-20% monounsaturated, and <10% saturated). - The plan will consist of 3 meals: breakfast will account for 40% of the total calories. Dinner will include only 10% of the total grams of carbohydrates. - The order of food consumption should be: 1) vegetables, 2) proteins, 3) complex carbohydrates, and 4) simple carbohydrates (fruits). Researchers will compare the chrono nutrition strategy with a standard dietary intervention to see the effect in insulin resistance.
Study the correlation between METS IR and visceral fat in type 2 diabetes and its relation to microvascular complication
In this pilot study investigators will test the hypothesis that administration of oral probiotics modulates microbiome/metabolome, lowers leptin and insulin resistance and improves clinical parameters of asthma in obese insulin resistant asthmatics. Preliminary studies with oral probiotic administration in obese asthmatics showed increased abundance of probiotics-derived Bifidobacterium species and Bifidobacterium-derived metabolite in the airways of asthmatics. Additionally, neutrophils and IL-17 producing Th17 cells were significantly reduced following probiotics administration. Based on these preliminary studies, the investigators propose to test the following aims: Specific Aim 1: Determine if probiotic administration modulates airway microbiome/metabolome in obese insulin resistant asthmatics Specific Aim 2: Determine if modulation of leptin levels and insulin sensitivity by probiotics administration correlates with airway metabolome alterations and weight loss in obese insulin resistant asthmatics Specific Aim 3: Determine if microbiome/metabolome changes in probiotics group correlates with changes in asthma biomarkers and improved clinical outcomes compared to placebo in obese insulin resistant asthmatics.
The current protocol plans to enroll participants with youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) as well as obese and lean controls from the Renal-HEIR - Renal Hemodynamics, Energetics and Insulin Resistance in Youth Onset Type 2 Diabetes Study (n=100) [COMIRB #16-1752] in a prospective investigation that seeks to 1) define the changes in kidney function by gold standard techniques and energetics by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in adolescents with and without T2D as they transition to young adulthood; 2) quantify kidney oxidative metabolism by 11C-acetate Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in a subset of participants who are ≥18 years of age with youth-onset T2D and/or obesity; 3) determine peripheral arterial stiffness by SphygmoCor. Mechanistic insight will be provided by transcriptomic analyses of repeat biopsies 3-years after their initial biopsy for eligible participants with youth-onset T2D, as well as molecular analysis of tissue obtained from J-wire endovascular biopsies. This study will also leverage this well-characterized cohort of youths to define youth-onset T2D-related changes in brain morphology and function by structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI and through the assessment of cognitive function (fluid and crystallized intelligence) using the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery (NIHTB-CB), as an exploratory objective. All enrollees in Renal-HEIR have consented to be contacted for future research opportunities.
The objectives of this trial are to assess the effects of adding 2 servings/d of either full-fat or low-fat fermented dairy products to the diet, as a replacement for non-dairy foods with macronutrient composition similar to the low-fat fermented dairy condition, on insulin sensitivity, erythrocyte fatty acid profile and other cardiometabolic health markers in metabolically at-risk adults.
The purpose of this study is to better understand the interactions between the innate immune system, in particular eosinophils (EOS), and adipose tissue (AT) in human health and in disease states such as obesity and insulin resistance.
Investigators research team conducted a previous human clinical trial of brown algae and conducted liver and metabolic indicators of brown algae to improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and found brown algae extract (LMF-HSFx, commodity In addition to reducing the liver function index, HbA1c in some patients with early stage diabetes or type 2 diabetes has an improved effect. In the mouse model of type 2 diabetes, comprehensive anti-hyperglycemia, anti-hyperlipidemia and hepatoprotective activity were studied using LMF-HSFx. Intake of LMF-HSFx reduced fasting blood glucose, increased adiponectin levels, reduced urine glucose, and improved hepatic glucose metabolism. LMF-HSFx can improve glucose and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of diabetic mice, and inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6 can also be reduced. In this study,participants will be given Fuco-HiQ, and their effects on blood glucose and various metabolic indicators will be evaluated.
The proposed study is designed to test the hypothesis that in human obesity, the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory T cells in fat tissue is in fact related to macrophage phenotype and insulin resistance, and how it is related. This study is needed to confirm whether conclusions based on studies of visceral adipose tissue in mice are indeed applicable to humans. We also want to determine the relationship between insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia and ability to lose weight in obese individuals.
Insulin resistance is a common complication of childhood obesity. It is considered to be an important link between adiposity and the risk factor of type 2 diabetes in children. The lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet, physical activity and weight reduction in obese children and adolescents have been proven effective in type 2 diabetes prevention and management. Although increasing evidence suggests that Mediterranean diet could be associated with decreased risk of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis in adults. The importance of this study is to find the effect of Mediterranean diet on insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents aged 10-16 years. Additionally, the results of the present study will help health professionals particularly dietitians in directing children with insulin resistance towards adopting healthy diet and lifestyle.
The aims of the study are: 1. To investigate if carriers of apolipoprotein (apo) CIII loss-of-function (LOF) mutations produce less apo-CIII that results in reduction of large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particle secretion as compared to non-carriers of these variants and compare the results with carriers of apo-CIII gain-of-function (GOF) to elucidate the role of apo-CIII in hepatic lipid metabolism. 2. To study if carriers of the TM6SF2 E167K and PNLPLA3 I148M mutations produce less large VLDL particles to transport fat out of the liver as compared to non-carriers. 3. To test whether the specific mutations in the apo-CIII, TM6SF2 and PNLPLA3 genes are reflected in changes of liver de novo lipogenesis (DNL), liver fat, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), plasma lipid and apolipoprotein kinetics and fasting concentrations in carriers of the TM6SF2 E167K and PNLPLA3 I148M mutations as compared to non-carriers. 4. To study the effects of APOE, angiopoietin (ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8) or endothelial lipase (LIPG) genotypes on liver fat metabolism, lipid and apolipoprotein metabolism and lipid phenotypes.