View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of applying topical insulin therapy on the management and healing of postoperative wounds in patients known with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and in a parallel group without diabetes. Investigators also studied the effect of topical insulin therapy on the expression of e-cadherin and Ki67, as markers for cellular proliferation and wound repair. The levels of IL-6 and the H2O2-induced DNA damage product, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), were assessed as markers for inflammation and oxidative stress. Finally, histomorphological assessment of skin biopsies was also carried out.
Purpose: It was planned to determine the effect of oral whey given before total hip arthroplasty (THA) on postoperative insulin resistance, cortisol, CRP((C reactive protein), albumin level and healing quality. Design: It was planned as Randomized Controlled. Method: Research: The study is planned to include individuals aged 50-70, who are planned for THA in the orthopedics and traumatology clinic of a public hospital, who have undergone spinal anesthesia, who have BMI <40 and ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists)1,2,3. Individuals with endocrine or renal disorders or allergies to whey will be excluded from the study. It was planned to include at least 60 patients in the study (30 in the intervention group, 30 in the control group). It is planned to use the Patient Introduction Information Form, Physiological Measurements Chart (vital findings (blood pressure, pulse, respiratory SpO2 (pulse oximetry) value), blood glucose, cortisol, CRP and albumin value and insulin resistance) and postoperative recovery quality scale in data collection. The intervention group will be given 600 ml of oral whey 6 hours before the surgery, and the control group will be allowed to drink 600 ml of drinking water 6 hours before the surgery. 3ml of blood will be taken for blood glucose, CRP, cortisol, albumin and insulin resistance values 24 hours before the surgery, just before entering the surgery and 24 hours after the surgery. The first part of the healing quality scale is planned to be evaluated immediately before the surgery, and the second part 24 hours after the surgery. Conclusion: When the literature was scanned, it was seen that the number of studies examining the effect of oral whey on metabolic and endocrine values in orthopedic patients was very limited and academic studies were needed. In this context, examining the effect of whey intake given before THA on the patient's blood glucose, CRP, albumin, cortisol, insulin resistance and healing quality is an original research that will contribute to the field.
Impaired brain vascular function precedes the development of reduced cognitive performance, while brain insulin-resistance is also associated with cognitive decline. Peanut consumption has already been shown to beneficially affect cognitive performance. However, underlying mechanisms have not yet been established, while well-controlled trials on longer-term effects of peanuts on cognitive performance are highly needed. The hypothesis is that longer-term peanut consumption has beneficial effects on (regional) cerebral blood flow responses (primary outcome), which may relate to an improved cognitive performance (secondary outcome) in older men and women. Important objectives are to investigate in older adults the effect of 16-week peanut consumption on (i) brain vascular function in cognitive-control brain areas, and (ii) brain insulin-sensitivity. We will also focus on changes in cognitive performance as assessed with a neuropsychological test battery (secondary objective). Cerebral blood flow responses before (brain vascular function) and after the administration of intranasal insulin (brain insulin sensitivity) will be non-invasively quantified by the non-invasive gold standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-perfusion method Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL).
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a drug called semaglutide and to see whether it can reduce IHTG. IHTG will be measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; an MRI machine contains a powerful magnet that uses simple radio waves to take pictures of organs). Semaglutide (brand name Ozempic®) is a drug that is used to treat people who have diabetes; it also causes weight loss and may provide some protection against cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In PLWH, the use of semaglutide to reduce weight and the level of IHTG are experimental.
The aim of this intervention clinical study are: evaluation the effect of vitamin D supplementation on anti-oxidant status, inflammation, insulin resistance in patients type 2 diabetes mellitus. The research question is how the effect of vitamin D supplementation for 3 and 6 months on anti-oxidant status, inflammation and insulin resistance in patients type 2 diabetes mellitus. The main tasks participants will be asked to do: - interviews, filling the questionnaires, and giving informed consent after receiving an explanation by the researcher about the purpose of the research - taking blood for screening examination which includes examination of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), albumin, creatinine and blood Ca. - participant who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, performed a physical examination (height and weight) and blood collection for examination 25(OH)D. - Subjects/participant with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency will be included in randomization, two groups: the group that received vitamin D3 5,000 IU and the group that received a placebo. Vitamin D 5000 IU and placebo taken daily for 6 months. - Observations for 3 months and 6 months from the first time supplementation was given. Treatments they'll be given: - During the study, the subject's clinical condition will be monitored. - Subject observations are monitored by telephone or google form to subject or their families
Disordered sleep is a health issue with significant impacts on physical and psychological well-being that has increased in prevalence, but its impact on transgender adolescents has not been fully quantified. While there is found to be an impact of sex steroids on sleep, and sex-dependent differences in the impact of sleep duration and quality on insulin resistance (IR), there is limited available information regarding the impact of Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT) for transgender individuals on sleep and IR. Our study aims to quantify the impacts of GAHT on sleep and IR in the pediatric transgender population as well as determine the degree of correlation of sleep to IR in this population.
Disturbances in the hypothalamus communication pathways with other regions in the brain and the periphery may represent a potential link between metabolic and cognitive health. The current project evaluates whether enhancing synaptic plasticity of this pathway can improve weight management, insulin sensitivity, and cognitive functions. In recent studies, we were able to show that the human brain is sensitive to insulin with favorable effects on peripheral metabolism and cognition. These brain regions encompass the hypothalamus and its connections to the striatum and prefrontal cortex. We want to investigate whether it is possible to enhance neuroplasticity of insulin-responsive brain regions to suppress the weight gain trajectory and improve dopamine-dependent cognitive functions in people with a high risk to develop type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, neuroimaging tools using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be implemented to assess synaptic plasticity of a neural network essential for metabolic and cognitive health.
The overall purpose of the study is to investigate whether three weeks of intermittent fasting (alternate-day fasting, (ADF)) result in a more pronounced "metabolic shift" towards the use of ketone bodies than three weeks of Western diet. The investigators will use state-of-the-art PET/CT tracer techniques and well-established steady state kinetics methods for glucose and fatty acids. The study results will provide new insights into the physiological basis of the potential cardio-protective effects of ketone bodies during ADF and will determine whether ADF can help prevent and treat heart failure. Ketone bodies are produced in the liver as an alternative fuel when blood glucose levels are low, as can be seen with various types of diets or after strenuous exercise. The energy produced by breaking down ketone bodies has been shown to require less oxygen than breaking down glucose and fatty acids. In a previous study, the investigators observed that ketone bodies act as a kind of "super fuel" for the heart and improve the heart's energy utilization. It is still unknown how high ketone levels are needed to see these cardio-protective effects. As patients with insulin resistance and/or heart failure have a lower glucose uptake in cardiac tissue, and as energy production by the breakdown of fatty acids is oxygen-demanding, an elevated level of blood ketones can therefore potentially reduce the morbidity seen in patients with type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease. PET/CT is a non-invasive well-established imaging modality suitable for tracking the fate of metabolites, as most substances or metabolites can be labeled by a suitable PET isotope. PET has sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to enable direct quantification of e.g. uptake and oxidation rates and has been successfully used by the investigators' department to assess heart efficiency, oxygen consumption, and fatty acid metabolism. Currently, the investigators are in the process of validating the PET tracer 11C-beta-hydroxybutyrate (11C-3-OHB) as a radio tracer for human studies. The tracer will be able to detect changes in biodistribution and kinetics of ketone bodies during both Western diets and ADF. The subjects must go through two study periods of each 3 weeks in which the intervention is western diet (no restrictions) and intermittent fasting (fasting every other day), respectively. After both study periods, there will be an examination day with PET scans and various laboratory examinations.
Background: Morbid obesity is associated with decreased brain µ-opioid receptor availability, possibly resulting in higher food intake needed to gain pleasure from eating. This decrease seems to normalize already 6 months after bariatric surgery, but the longer-term effects have not been studied. Obesity and insulin resistance result in significantly increased brain insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, whereas in every other tissue glucose uptake is lower. One possible explanation to this could be central inflammation and activation of brain glial cells, which has been shown to occur in animal models of obesity. Obesity has also been shown to associate with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline in several studies. Aims: The first objective of this study is to both study the effects of bariatric surgery as well as compare the effects of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on food-associated pleasure, extending the follow-up period to 2 years postoperatively. The second aim is to investigate the effect of morbid obesity and weight loss on brain inflammation and gliosis and its association with increased brain insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Furthermore, association of obesity, insulin resistance, central inflammation and neurocognitive dysfunction are evaluated.
Majority of breast cancer survivors are overweight or obese at time of diagnosis, putting them at increased risk for insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Women with insulin resistance at time of breast cancer diagnosis often have larger tumors, later stages of cancer and worse prognosis. Additionally, chemotherapy often leads to increases in insulin resistance and cognitive impairment. Many cancer survivors experience memory and brain function decline following chemotherapy that can last for years, and insulin resistance may contribute to worse cognitive outcomes in cancer survivors. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are anti-inflammatory nutrients that may help reduce insulin resistance and negative cognitive outcomes from cancer treatments. The purpose of this observational study with cross-sectional design is to investigate the relationship of omega-3 PUFAs with insulin resistance and cognitive function in obese breast cancer survivors. Due to the global pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), this study will be conducted entirely remotely using electronic data collection and remote finger-stick blood sample collection. The study will aim to enroll 80 racially and ethnically diverse female breast cancer survivors (age 45-75) who are postmenopausal, and 1 to 4 years post breast cancer diagnosis. Participants will complete study questionnaires online, and some cognitive tests will be completed through zoom sessions with trained study personnel. Participants will be mailed kits with thorough instructions to complete fingerstick blood sample collections and mail them back to the research lab. Upon receipt of blood samples and completion of all study questionnaires, participation will be complete.