View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Risk Factor.
Filter by:This is an interventional research study about clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral factors that impact weight loss, weight maintenance, and cardiovascular disease in socially disadvantaged persons.
This two-phase project seeks to examine the cardiovascular response to consumption of cannabis variants of different cannabinoid composition through different methods (smoking vs. vaporizing), at rest and during aerobic exercise. Multiple measures that have been shown to predict risk factors for chronic-disease and negative health outcomes will be assessed following cannabis consumption at rest or in combination with exercise. These techniques will examine arterial stiffness, vascular function, and cardiac function. In phase I and II, subjects will visit the lab on 6 different occasions; with 1 visit acting as an introductory visit, 1 as an exercise control visit, 2 as resting cannabis visits, and 2 as cannabis + exercise visits. Cannabis used in phase I of this study will consist of approximately 10% THC. On all visits, pulse wave velocity, flow mediated dilation, and echocardiography measures will be performed following cannabis consumption by smoking or vaporizing, and cannabis consumption by smoking or vaporizing followed by 20 minutes of exercise on a cycle ergometer. Phase II of the study will implore a similar design. In favor of altering method of consumption, in all visits cannabis will be consumed by vaporization and will be either a high cannabidiol (CBD: (~10%)) and low delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC: (<1%)), or a high THC (~10%) and low CBD (<1%) variant.
Data from Abu Dhabi's Department of Health document that the leading cause of death among the population of the emirate of Abu Dhabi is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Even with significant investment of time and resources, this has not improved over time. CVD was the cause of death in over 39% of deaths occurring in patients above 45 years of age. In those older than 60 years of age, CVD causes more deaths than cancer, respiratory diseases, and infectious disease combined. Eating an unhealthy diet is the leading risk factor for CVD-related deaths and one study estimated that the current diet accounted for 72% of CVD-related deaths in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Interestingly, the limited intake of whole grains was associated with 22% of CVD-related deaths in the UAE. Other risk factors include consumption of processed meat, red meat, and sugar sweetened beverages. Despite recognition of what constitutes healthy diet and exercise practices by survey participants, barriers exist to lifestyle change. In one UAE study of patients with type 2 diabetes, only 3% of the 390 individuals surveyed met numerous guidelines' weekly recommendations for 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity or 90 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity. The most common reasons given in that study for not exercising included cultural reasons (29.2%), "exercise is boring" (20.3%), and lack of family support (4.1%). Widespread availability and access to outpatient dieticians has not lowered rates of obesity, overweight, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. To the investigators' knowledge, this would be the first study investigating the effect of a package of family based lifestyle interventions guided by a health coach. This package of interventions would be supported by technology such as a smartphone application to record dietary intake and the use of wearable fitness trackers to track physical activity. The nationals of the UAE (called Emiratis),have retained traditional cultural values, including strong ties to extended family, which may lead to better adherence to family based rather than individual appointments and interventions, which could lower CVD risk.
Previous Icelandic studies regarding prevalence of diabetes have mostly used data from the capital area. Information on the proportion of people at risk at developing T2DM or having undiagnosed T2DM among people living in rural Northern Iceland is unknown. Clinical guidelines recommend that patients with prediabetes (diabetes warning signs) should be referred to a counselling program. The study will evaluate effectiveness of nurse-coordinated Guided Self-Determination (GSD) follow up program toward health promotion, for people at risk of T2DM.
The purpose of this study is to gather information to develop a heart failure screening and prevention program.
Background: PE (pre-eclampsia) is a common pregnancy-specific vascular hypertensive disease affecting 3-5% of pregnancies. PE independently increases the risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) in mothers and their offspring long-term. PE provides a unique window for early risk profiling and CVD prevention. However, the efficacy of a family oriented lifestyle intervention to lower CVD risk in families with history of PE has not previously been evaluated. Aim: This study will explore the impact of PE on CVD progression 8-12 years from delivery in mothers and their children, and assess whether a lifestyle intervention is useful for lowering mother and child blood pressure and improving the CVD risk profile overall in families with a history of PE. Hypothesis: PE is related with CVD progression mediated by elevated blood pressure. Blood pressure and the CVD risk profile overall is modifiable in mothers and children by a 12-month behavioral lifestyle intervention in families with a history of PE. Study design: Randomized controlled behavioral lifestyle intervention trial where families (mother, child and father from the FINNPEC study) are offered the opportunity to participate in a lifestyle intervention program 8-12 years after a PE pregnancy. 300 PE families will be randomized 1:1 to a 12-month lifestyle intervention program or to a control group. A parallel group of 100 non-PE control families will be assessed at baseline and follow-up. Main outcome: 24 hour mean blood pressure change between baseline and follow-up in mother and child. Significance: This study will provide information on CVD progression in mothers and children 8-12 years from a PE pregnancy. Furthermore, the study assess the effect of a 12-month lifestyle intervention on blood pressure and CVD risk profile overall following a PE pregnancy. Potentially, the study provides the opportunity to identify PE families at highest risk of CVD progression and families amenable to blood pressure and CVD risk profile improvement.
Examining the effects of 4 weeks of Citrulline alone or in combination with glutathione on the arterial function of postmenopausal women.
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is involved in blood pressure regulation and electrolyte balance. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a critical regulator of RAAS by cleaving angiotensin (Ang1) to Angiotensin2 (Ang2), which is the most powerful biologically active product of RAAS [1]. In the same context, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) converts Ang2 to Ang (1-7), which is a vasodilator, antithrombotic, and antihypertrophic peptide [2]. ACE2 which is found in many tissues [3] has opposite effects to ACE on the heart, kidneys, and lungs [4]. Many pathological conditions, in particular cardiovascular disease (CVD), have shown a link between a disturbance in ACE/ACE2 ratio and the downregulation of ACE2 levels [5]. Also, ACE/ACE2 has been reported to be higher in moderate to severe chronic heart failure [6] as well as systolic blood pressure [7]. Recently, an elevated ACE/ACE2 ratio is linked to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-COV2 enters target cells by binding of the spike protein to ACE2 and a specific transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) for the spike (S) protein priming, which also leads to downregulation of ACE2 [8]. Down-regulation of ACE2 caused by Coronavirus may have a potential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. Accordingly, people with a higher ACE/ACE2 ratio may be more at increased risk of worse Covid-19 consequences [9]. On the other hand, omega-3 fatty acids could decrease CVD risk by their anti-inflammatory anti-thrombotic function [10]. A meta-analysis comprising 15,806 patients, showed that omega-3 fatty acids associated with a 30% reduction in fatal myocardial infarction and sudden death, in addition to a 20% reduction in overall mortality [11]. To the best of our knowledge, no clinical trials have evaluated the effect of omega-3 supplementation on serum ACE/ACE2 ratio which is recently ascribed as a potential key in 2019 Covid-19 as well as CVD [5,9].
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at 2- to 4-fold higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with non-diabetic subjects. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in almost half of diabetic population in Spain. Female patients with T2DM have up to 40% excess risk of CVD compared with men and the causes are still unknown. It is argued that a tight control of cardiovascular risk factors could improve the situation. Hypothesis: The cardiovascular risk factors management in women with T2DM is different than in men with T2DM. Aims: To assess the therapeutic approach of cardiovascular risk factors and the occurrence of cardiovascular events among women in comparison to men with T2DM. Methodology: Observational study based on clinical records of primary health care from T2DM patients in Catalonia (2007-2013). Source: SIDIAP database. Analysis: The two study groups (women and men) will be matched to ensure balance in terms of basal comorbidities and previous cardiovascular disease in order to describe the study group characteristics and to perform a multivariate modeling approach. Applicability and Relevance: This study is intended to serve to identify the points of improvement of the cardiovascular risk factors therapeutic approach in women.
The purpose of this study is to examine whether substituting sitting with standing and light-intensity activity in free-living conditions can reduce glycaemia in overweight/obese South Asian adults.