View clinical trials related to Obesity.
Filter by:The investigators plan to implement a novel limited RED (high-energy-dense) food variety prescription within a 18-month FBT to examine its effect on 18-month body mass index (BMI). This will be the first randomized control trial to examine how habituation rate, assessed via salivary habituation, mediates reduction in RED food intake, overall energy intake, and reductions in BMI over time, as well as if baseline habituation rate is a behavioral phenotype that moderates BMI outcomes. One hundred fifty-six children aged 8 to 12 years at > 85th percentile BMI will be randomized to one of two, 18-month interventions compared in our 6-month pilot study: FBT (family-based behavioral obesity treatment) or FBT+Variety. Child and adult caregiver assessments will occur at 0, 6, 12, and 18 months on anthropometrics, dietary intake (RED food variety, energy, and diet quality), habituation, and physical activity.
A 14-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked clinical trial in 40 obese patients with poorly controlled asthma. The intervention is Mitoquinol (MitoQ) versus placebo. The primary aim of this pilot study is to determine if MitoQ improves airway reactivity in obese patients with asthma.
Breathing is impacted by obesity. Early changes are characterised by significant breathing abnormalities during sleep (a condition called sleep disordered breathing, the most common of which is obstructive sleep apnoea). As the breathing changes worsen in severity, it may result in a rise in carbon dioxide levels during daytime causing a condition called obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). The current treatment for obesity related breathing changes include supportive breathing therapy at night, optimisation of associated medical conditions and weight loss. Weight management is an important part of obesity treatment. Weight loss strategies such as life-style modification do not always work. Weight loss surgery (bariatric surgery) has been shown to be an effective weight management intervention with long-term results. This study aims to understand breathing changes that occurs due to obesity and their resolution after weight loss surgery. The investigators are aiming to recruit participants with sleep disordered breathing who are currently awaiting bariatric surgery. In particular, the investigators are interested in comparing breathing changes in participants with OHS, who have abnormal regulation of their carbon dioxide levels, and participants with sleep disordered breathing with normal CO2 regulation. Participants will be recruited through outpatient clinics for sleep disordered breathing. The participants will undergo comprehensive breathing assessments on enrolment including an overnight sleep study. Participants will undergo further daytime breathing assessments before and after their bariatric surgery. End of study will be 6 months after surgery - participants will have a final comprehensive breathing assessment including an overnight sleep study to review resolution of their breathing changes. Depending on the wait list time for the bariatric surgery, it is anticipated that participants will be enrolled in the study for 2 years.
This is a prospective, randomized, two-armed study to assess the efficacy and safety of isocaloric dietary restriction in the treatment of obese without diabetic for a period of 4 weeks.
Experimental data have shown that timing of sodium intake impacts diurnal patterns of sodium excretion. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the time of day for salt intake impacts (1) blood pressure rhythms and urinary sodium excretion and (2) circadian timing of factors responsible for blood pressure regulation and cardiometabolic health in obese individuals. These studies will address two aims. The first aim will test the hypothesis that limiting high salt intake prior to sleep increases day-night differences in blood pressure, improves timing of urinary sodium excretion, and improves metabolic risk factors. The second aim will test the hypothesis that limiting high salt intake prior to sleep preferentially improves rhythmicity in peripheral vs. central circadian clock factors linked to renal sodium handling. The proposed hypothesis-driven studies will determine how timing of sodium intake affects diurnal blood pressure and circadian timing of factors responsible for blood pressure control and metabolic health, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel strategies to treat nocturnal hypertension and metabolic disease in obesity.
This study evaluates the effectiveness of a web-based obesity management program HealthyWeightCoaching (HWC), within a HealthyWeightHub.fi (HWH) platform. HWC is a 12-month intervention within a real-life clinical setting. The program includes a combination of nutrition, physical activity, and cognitive behavioral approaches, with a strong basis in acceptance and commitment therapy. In addition to the automated, interactive program, HWC includes a personal coach allocated to each patient. The patients are enrolled through referrals from primary care, occupational health, other hospitals, or from private health care units nationwide in Finland.
Pulmonary embolism is a common pathology in the general population, whose suspicion is based on the clinical and dosage of D-dimers in particular. The key examination for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is chest CT angiography (negative predictive value of 98%). The evolution of machines in recent years allows a reduction of possible kilovoltage up to 80 kV, different computer algorithms (iterative reconstructions) to reconstruct the images and thus reduce the irradiation dose with equal image quality (Evaluation of dose CT and adaptive statistical reconstruction with the same group of patients, Qi et al, 2012; Impact of iterative reconstruction on the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) on reduced-dose chest CT angiograms, Pontana et al , 2015) in patient populations with a weight of less than 100 kilos. However, obesity is a risk factor for pulmonary embolism and the obese population is increasing, thus requiring optimal management regarding irradiation. Few studies have evaluated the quality of low dose CT angiography in obese patients. One study showed the possibility of performing low-dose thoracic CT angiography (100 kV) in patients up to 125 kg, without loss of subjective quality (but with an impact on objective quality), without the use of current iterative reconstruction techniques (Diagnostic confidence and image quality of CT pulmonary angiography at 100 kVp in overweight and obese patients, Megyeri et al, 2015). The study seek to prove that in the obese patient, with a low dose examination (voltage of the tube at 100 kV) and the current iterative reconstructions, the thoracic angioscanner is not less efficient than in the non obese patient, that the qualities objective and subjective analyzes are maintained. The main purpose is to evaluate and compare thoracic CT angiography with weight and BMI, with identical CT parameters (same voltage, computer reconstruction techniques and same contrast injection protocol), by evaluating the objective and subjective diagnostic quality of the opacification of the pulmonary arteries.
The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk is high among South Asians which manifests itself at an early age. Studies have reported that unhealthy food choices, inadequate physical activity and lack of awareness on healthy lifestyle practices pose a huge threat to the increasing prevalence of metabolic abnormalities even at adolescence. In an earlier study conducted in 2006, reported that 68% of the children during their early adolescence had one or more of the cardiometabolic abnormalities such as obesity, central adiposity, increased blood pressure and presence of dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia. The risk escalated with increasing weight. Therefore, it is imperative to sensitize the children on improving their lifestyle by conducting screening tests and health education programmes in schools by involving teachers. The Investigator have also shown in a study that teachers can be instrumental in imparting knowledge on the prevention of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes by promoting healthy behavioral changes. The proposed study will focus on a) changes in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors over a 10 year period b) health education programme to school children c) recommendations to school teachers (tool-kit) to inculcate improved lifestyle practices to their students.
The gut microbiota is critical to health and functions with a level of complexity comparable to that of an organ system. Dysbiosis, or alterations of this gut microbiota ecology, have been implicated in a number of disease states. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), defined as infusion of feces from healthy donors to affected subjects, is a method to restore a balanced gut microbiota and has attracted great interest in recent years due to its efficacy and ease of use. FMT is now recommended as the most effective therapy for CDI not responding to standard therapies. Recent studies have suggested that dysbiosis is associated with a variety of disorders, and that FMT could be a useful treatment. Randomized controlled trial has been conducted in a number of disorders and shown positive results, including alcoholic hepatitis, Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), pouchitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hepatic encephalopathy and metabolic syndrome. Case series/reports and pilot studies has shown positive results in other disorders including Celiac disease, functional dyspepsia, constipation, metabolic syndrome such as diabetes mellitus, multidrug-resistant, hepatic encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, pseudo-obstruction, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) or Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) infection, radiation-induced toxicity, multiple organ dysfunction, dysbiotic bowel syndrome, MRSA enteritis, Pseudomembranous enteritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and atopy. Despite FMT appears to be relatively safe and efficacious in treating a wide range of disease, its safety and efficacy in a usual clinical setting is unknown. More data is required to confirm safety and efficacy of FMT. Therefore, the investigators aim to conduct a pilot study to investigate the efficacy and safety of FMT in a variety of dysbiosis-associated disorder.
Patients seen who had autonomic and enteric profiling (Adrenergic, Cholinergic, Enteric Measures/Mapping=ACEM_ from 2012-2019 at the University of Louisville.