View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise training on insulin resistance in subjects with coronary artery disease independent of changes in weight, diet, or the effect of an acute bout of exercise. We hypothesized that subjects with CAD and high normal or impaired glucose tolerance performing 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training while on a non weight-reducing diet, would have a greater decrease in insulin resistance than controls measured at 72 hours following their last bout of exercise.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether insulin resistance might affect the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy since midtrimester. Furthermore, markers of vascular and placental injuries, of oxidative stress and inflammation will be evaluated.
To compare anthropometric and metabolic effects of a comprehensive weight management program on obese adolescents and children in comparison to regular clinical weight management visits.
Impaired glucose tolerance or mild glucose elevations in the non-diabetic range are associated with increased cardiovascular disease and recent studies suggested the need to detect these glucose abnormalities early in the post-infarction period. Although in the last ten years procedures of coronary revascularisation have dramatically improved the outcome of non diabetic patients affected by ischemic heart disease, these procedures are less effective in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGT. Possible causes of worse prognosis in these patients could be related to the presence of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance due to the well known effect of insulin to increase neointimal tissue proliferation and in-stent restenosis, by stimulating vascular smooth muscle cell growth factors and migration. In addition, it is well known that endothelial dysfunction is an early functional disturbance in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. The impairment of eNOS action might change the turnover rate of eNOS or nitric oxide production and action influencing nitric oxide signalling, apoptosis cascade and angiogenesis. All these factors can contribute to endothelial dysfunction to a certain extent, and accelerate atherosclerosis with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The constitutively expressed eNOS, is likely to be the major contributors to whole-body nitric oxide production. It is interesting to note that a region of chromosome 7q seems to influence both insulin resistance and blood pressure, suggesting that this locus may broadly influence traits associated with insulin resistance. L-arginine is an essential amino acid and its availability is important for the normal endothelial cell function and its intracellular reduction may contribute to the dysfunctional endothelial state. It is well known that L-arginine is as a precursor for nitric oxide and both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that L-arginine can augment vascular dilation under certain conditions. Our hypothesis is to evaluate the modulating effect of L-arginine on metabolic, endothelial variables and on myocardial function in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Background: During the 1990s, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the Netherlands ranged from 3% in women of 20-39 yrs to at least 33% in men 55 yrs and older and it is expected to increasing. Prevention is therefore warranted. In this respect the amount and type of fat in the diet deserves attention. Recently, an intervention study reported that a diet high in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as from olive oil, increased insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. However, additional beneficial effects can be expected from the Mediterranean diet as a whole. Hypothesis: Replacing saturated fatty acids (SFA) by mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) will improve hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia, and a typical Mediterranean diet will even have more pronounced effects. Study objectives: To investigate the impact of the Mediterranean diet, and especially the intake of MUFA, on markers of the metabolic syndrome in high-risk subjects. Methods: The controlled dietary intervention will include 60 subjects aged 40-65 years with moderate abdominal obesity. After a run-in diet for 2 weeks they will be assigned randomly to receive one of the three diets for a period of 8 weeks. Measurements of serum insulin concentration and other parameters will be carried out at weeks 2 and 10. Expected results: Our study will provide information on the role of MUFA and the expected beneficial impact of other factors of the Mediterranean type of diet on the metabolic syndrome.
A study of 12 weeks' treatment with losartan or placebo, to test the hypothesis that RAS inhibition will improve insulin' vascular actions and therefore improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle.
The study is designed to compare muscle energy capacity in men with obesity or diabetes as compared to athletes. This study will also enable researchers to determine whether MRS can replace muscle biopsy for this type of assessment.
Insulin resistance is a central feature of Diabetes mellitus type 2 (Stumvoll et al. 2005). Hypo- and hyperglycemic states are associated with adverse inpatient outcomes (ADA et al. 2006 Diab Care) and with the development of microvascular complications (UKPDS 34 Lancet 1998). A long known therapy for the acute treatment of patients with deteriorated glucose metabolism and insulin resistance are carbohydrate days. The principle of the therapy was firstly introduced in 1903 by Carl von Noorden (Noorden et al. 1903). The diabetic patients were treated for several days with a carbohydrate rich diet with fat restriction. Surprisingly, this resulted in an amelioration of glucosuria. Today it's still a valuable tool for patients with uncontrollable diabetes mellitus and severe insulin resistance (Willms B. 1989). But up to now there has been no systemic evaluation of carbohydrate days in patients with deteriorated Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. The investigators conducted a pilot study with 14 patients to evaluate the efficacy of two days of oatmeal on insulin resistance and glucose metabolism in an acute clinical setting and after a four week outpatient period. Inclusion criteria were type 2 diabetes with deteriorated glucose metabolism, insulin resistance defined as an insulin dosage of more than 1 U per day and kg bodyweight. Within this pilot trial the investigators found a marked decrease of insulin requirements (~40%) and mean daily blood glucose to a mean blood glucose of 114.7±36.7 mg/dl in the acute setting as well as after the four week outpatient period (Lammert et al. 2006). The most important shortcomings of this study were the hypocaloric interventions in both groups (diabetes-adapted diet: 1500kcal/d vs. oatmeal 1200kcal/d) making it difficult to attribute the observed effects to oatmeal alone as well as the uncontrolled nature. These design flaws have been addressed within this new clinical trial. The investigators plan an open label, cross-over study with isocaloric interventions (oatmeal and diabetes-adapted diet: ~ 1200kcal/d). The intervention comprises two days of oatmeal (third and fourth day) within a 5 day hospital stay. The control is only treated with 5 days of diabetes adapted diet. Thereafter, the patients are followed every four weeks for an overall of 16 weeks.
The objective of the study is to determine whether Panax Ginseng with multiple interactions with key components of brain signaling pathway, can augment the effects of antipsychotics in Schizophrenia. We are primarily interested to examine the actions of Ginseng combined with antipsychotics in improving the ways patients diagnosed with schizophrenia behave in social environment, store, process and retrieve information.
The objective of our research project is to determine the effects of fish protein, present in fish, on insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant human individuals, and its mechanism of action on glucose metabolism. Our hypothesis is that fish protein improves insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and plasma lipid profile through an improvement in a primary defect in insulin signaling in overweight and insulin-resistant subjects.