View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to find out if tadalafil can help overweight and obese people metabolize blood sugar more efficiently. The investigators also want to find out if 20 mg/day of tadalafil for 3 months is safe to take without causing too many side effects. The investigators are plan to enroll 100 subjects at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).
Hypothesis: Chronic intake of pistachios improves glucose metabolism and insulin resistance status thus contributing to decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated abnormalities.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the chronic treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with dapagliflozin on: (1) mitochondrial gene function/expression and insulin signaling/action and (2) oral glucose tolerance and beta cell function. Dapagliflozin is a potent, highly specific inhibitor of renal glucose transport [SGLT2].
The study will assess the safety, tolerability, drug label and effect in subjects with and without insulin resistance.
The purpose of the meal study is to investigate acute effects on satiety and inflammation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) in healthy overweight subjects. The AGE content of the meal is affected by food preparation methods: frying/grilling versus boiling/steaming.
Studies of the human gut microbiome have suggested that treatment or prevention aimed at the obese microbiome could influence the development of obesity-associated metabolic disturbances. The objective of this project is to explore if a dietary intervention in 60 obese women with the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei F19 or flax seed fibres targeting the gut microbiome, can reduce insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation or dyslipidaemia, and to explore the interaction between the human genome and the gut microbiome. The study is based on the following hypotheses: - Treatment with the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei F19 and flax seed fibres will lower the metabolic risk profile in the intervention groups compared with placebo. - The effect on the metabolic risk markers can be correlated with changes in the gut microbiota (measured in faeces). After completion of the dietary intervention, the participants are offered a 10-week weight reduction program. Those who participate in the weight-loss program are invited to an optional follow-up visit in connection with the last visit at the clinical dietician, for the purpose of exploring the effect of weight loss on the gut microbiota and obesity-associated metabolic disturbances.
The aim of the study is to 1) delineate the molecular mechanisms behind the large variation in insulin sensitivity among apparently healthy subjects and to 2) establish the dose-response relationship between physical training and a) metabolic health, b) appetite and c) cultural health.
There is growing epidemiological evidence that consumption of red meat is associated with greater incidence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) than either white meat or non-meat foods. Research from our group has shown that a high saturated fat (SF) diet with a moderate red meat content selectively increases intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) and larger low density lipoproteins (LDLs), which are more weakly associated with CVD risk than smaller LDLs. In contrast, the investigators have found that with a similar intake of SF, high beef consumption results in a preferential increase in small and medium LDL particles that are strongly related to CVD. To date, no studies have directly compared the lipoprotein effects of red meat with that of other food sources of protein in the context of both high and low saturated fat intake. The overall objective of this project is to test the hypothesis that the effects of SF on lipoprotein markers of CVD risk are influenced by sources of dietary protein. The investigators hypothesize that adverse effects of SF on plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol (C), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and atherogenic LDL particles are greater in a diet with a high content of red meat than in diets in which the major proteins are from white meat (poultry) or non-meat sources. The investigators propose a clinical trial in which 180 healthy men and women will be randomized to high SF or low SF diet groups, and within each group, consume diets with equivalent amounts of protein from red meat, white meat, and non-meat sources for 4 wks each in random order. Specifically, the investigators will test whether: (1) With high SF, the red meat diet, compared to the other protein sources, will result in higher levels of LDL-C, apoB, small and medium LDL, and total/high density lipoprotein (HDL)C; (2) With low SF, dietary protein source will not be related to any of these measurements; (3) With both the white meat and non-meat protein diets, increased LDL-C with high vs. low SF will be due primarily to increases in large LDL, whereas with red meat the additional increase in small and medium LDL will result in greater increases in plasma apoB and total LDL particle number. Aim 4 will test hypotheses that increases in small and medium LDL with high SF plus red meat are related to increased activity of hepatic lipase, a key determinant of small LDL production, and that increases in large LDL induced by high SF are related to suppression of LDL receptors. The investigators will also assess the effects of protein source and saturated fat content on markers of insulin resistance, inflammation and endothelial function.
Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that puts individuals at risk for serious health problems like heart disease, kidney failure, vision problems, and stroke. A major way that type 2 diabetes occurs is through insulin resistance. Insulin resistance means that insulin (an important hormone in the body to keep blood sugar normal) isn t working as well as it should, which can lead to problems with high blood sugar. Insulin resistance has been linked to mood problems, stress, and depression, especially in women. To determine if group programs can help reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes, researchers want to look at teenage girls who are at risk for developing the disease. Objectives: To test whether a group program designed to improve mood also can help improve insulin resistance in teenage girls who are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes, or whether a group program that teaches healthy living skills is just as helpful. Eligibility: Teenage girls between 12 and 17 years of age who are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Design: - Participants will have two screening visits to find out if they are eligible to take part in the study. The first visit takes about 3 hours and will involve a physical exam, medical history, questionnaires and an interview about mood problems and possible depression. The second visit takes about 6 hours and will involve a full body scan to measure muscle and fat, blood draws and a glucose test to determine insulin resistance, questionnaires about general well-being and eating habits, eating meals and snacks, and an exercise test. - Participants will join one of two group programs at the National Institutes of Health. One group focuses on learning skills to help with bad moods and stress. The other group covers topics that are important for teens to lead a healthy life. The groups will meet for 1 hour once a week for 6 weeks during after-school hours. - At the end of the groups, participants will have three follow-up visits. The first visit will be 6 weeks later, the second will be 6 months after the start of the group program, and the third will be 1 year after the start of the group program. Each visit will take about 6 hours. These visits are similar to the second screening visit before the groups. - Some participants will have extra tests to study stress at the second screening visit and the 6-week, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up visits. Participants will give samples of DNA, saliva to measure stress hormones, and they will take part in a brief stress test. For more information, visit the study website at: http://mir.nichd.nih.gov or contact the research coordinators for the study at 301-594-3198.
The aim of this study is to investigate potential metabolic effects of resveratrol in men with metabolic syndrome(otherwise healthy). The investigators hypothesize that resveratrol has an anti-inflammatory effect, and will increase insulin sensitivity, change the fat- and sugar-metabolism, and down-regulate bone-turnover.