View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to examine whether periodic fasting improves markers of diabetes risk and cardiovascular health, and will compare this to the effects observed with daily dieting by energy restriction, and also with no change in energy intake. It is hypothesized that periodic fasting, with or without weight loss, will be as effective as daily energy restriction to improve markers of metabolic health and energy metabolism.
The purpose of this study is to measure the beneficial effects of an optimized berries extracts on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases prevention. Our hypothesis is that including a polyphenol rich berries extract in daily feeding will improve insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cells function, lipids and inflammatory profile, and oxidative stress markers.
The objective of our study is to determine the effects of fish protein on insulin sensitivity in PCOS women with insulin resistance, and its mechanism of action on glucose and endocrine metabolism. Our working hypothesis is that dietary fish protein improves insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and related plasma endocrine and lipid abnormalities in PCOS women by restoring secretory β-cell function and insulin signaling to the PI 3-kinase activity/Akt pathway. We further hypothesize that fish protein will improve cycle regularity and ovarian function.
Pre-diabetes, a condition characterized by hyperglycaemia, is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and reduced life expectancy, as compared to the general population. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an enzyme that plays a key role in cellular energy homeostasis and metabolism, and recently it has been demonstrated that AMPK regulates aging pathways, as well. AMPK is susceptible to modulation through pharmacologic (e.g. metformin) and non-pharmacologic (e.g. physical exercise) interventions. This clinical trial aims to describe the effects of the AMPK pathway on longevity genes and inflammation in the setting of pre-diabetes in vivo and in vitro. To this end, the investigators will compare treatment with metformin (500 mg t.i.d) for 2 months, versus placebo in pre-diabetic subjects. The investigators will assess expression of longevity genes SIRT1, p66Shc, p53 and mTOR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) ex vivo. The investigators will evaluate monocyte polarization by flow cytometry, according to the expression of surface antigens (CD68, CCR2, CD163, CD206, CX3CR1) to determine the prevalence of pro- or anti-inflammatory cells. Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, MCP-1, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, CCL12) will also be determined. In the in vitro study the investigators will evaluate the effects of AMPK activation or inhibition on longevity gene and protein expression.
This project is prompted by the urgent public health need to identify novel strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The higher prevalence of CVD, T2D, and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals is a major healthcare concern. Therefore, finding optimal intervention strategies to combat these growing epidemics is imperative.
Diabetes is an increasingly common condition affecting millions of people world wide. The cornerstone of treatment is lifestyle that includes looking at the way how people eat. It is known that food containing compounds called polyphenols can reduce the risk of heart disease risk in people with diabetes. Two foods that are rich sources of polyphenols are cocoa (epicatechins) and soy (isoflavones). Previous studies have shown the benefits of these foods in the diets of people with diabetes. It has also been shown that soy isoflavones and cocoa polyphenols can improve the mood in certain groups of patients. What is not known is whether there is any extra benefit of combining soy protein and isoflavones with cocoa. The aim of the study is to look at the modification of cardiovascular risk by soy and/or cocoa in patients with type 2 diabetes, alone or in combination.
The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate on insulin sensitivity in normal weight and overweight adults.
In the present study, muscle perfusion will be studied before and after an oral glucose challenge following a fasting period.
Epidural anesthesia has been found to manipulate the hyperglycemic response to surgery. It is unclear, however, whether the preoperative metabolic status of the surgical patient plays a role in the degree of this hyperglycemic response. For instance, the presence of low insulin sensitivity before surgery could predispose the individual to an altered metabolic response after surgery. In this case, it would be appropriate to identify adequate interventions that attenuate the response to surgical stress and facilitate the recovery process. The aims of this research projects are the following: 1. To determine the extent in which epidural local anesthetics, initiated before surgery and continued after surgery, improves insulin secretion in patients with preoperative low insulin sensitivity. 2. To understand which measures of postoperative recovery are sensitive to the restoration of insulin secretion in this particular group of patients
The purpose of the study is to investigate the long-term (24 weeks) effects of coffee consumption on insulin sensitivity in insulin resistant individuals.