View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term persistence of binding antibody responses against V1V2 and gp120 in subjects who were vaccinated with the envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120)-negative factor (Nef)Tat/ Adjuvant System 01B (AS01B) (GSKSB732461) vaccine candidate. Other immune parameters like the HIV-specific cluster of differentiation (CD4+) T cell and CD8+ T cell responses will also be evaluated.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been a game changer in the context of HIV-epidemic. From 2005 to 2015, HIV-related deaths have fallen by 45% thanks to ART. However, ART's success heavily depends on HIV-positive individuals' high adherence to it. This includes clinic attendance for various purposes. It is necessary among HIV-positive individuals for their antiretroviral (ARV) pills pick up, monitoring of their treatment outcomes, and treatment of their opportunistic infections. Among them, ARV pills pick up is the major reason for the ART clinic attendance. Improving clinic attendance for pills pick up remains one of the key challenges to ART programs. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends more than 90% on-time ARV pills pick up as per the early warning indicators of HIV-drug resistance. Among six Asian countries, none of the 1048 clinics under the study could meet the WHO target. Among HIV-positive individuals, clinic attendance for pills pick can be improved by using mobile phones. Those who receive mobile phone reminders are two times more likely to attend their clinics regularly than those who did not receive such reminders. Nepal belongs to a low-income country and is facing a similar problem, too. In 2015, approximately 39,000 people were estimated to be living with HIV and ART coverage was limited to only 31.5%. In the same year, only 32% of the HIV-positive individuals attended their clinics regularly for ARV pills pick up. Like other countries, one of the potential strategies is to use mobile phones effectively in Nepal. Mobile phones have been very widely used in Nepal. In 2016, Nepal had 27.9 million mobile phone users, against the population of 26.5 million. Under such a context, mobile phone reminders can be effective to improve clinic attendance among HIV-positive individuals. However, the effectiveness of such interventions barely remains examined by using a randomized controlled trial. This study evaluates the effectiveness of mobile phone reminder intervention on improving clinic attendance for ARV pills pick up and medication adherence among HIV-positive individuals on ART following the implementation of test and treat strategy in Nepal.
Introduction Artemisia annua L is a medicinal plant traditionally used for treatment of malaria and other diseases in China. The extract of leaves of the plant has been demonstrated in-vitro to have potent anti HIV effects and in vivo to improve levels of lymphocytes in laboratory animals. Effect on lymphocyte stimulation has also been observed in non HIV persons taking the leaves of the plant as a tea for malaria prophylaxis in Uganda. Objective To determine the effect of A.annua L and Moringa oleifera leaf powder on CD4 cell count and other immunological indices in HAART HIV patients. Materials and Methods In this study Artemisia annua leaf powder and Moringa leaf powder will be investigated. The study will be a three arm randomized Phase II study involving adult patients with HIV-infection on HAART with CD4 below 350. The CD4 cell count, and other immunological indices in patients receiving HAART will be compared with those patients receiving additionally Artemisia annua powder with Moringa oleifera powder or Artemisia annua powder alone. The study will be conducted at the HIV clinic in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital while laboratory tests will be done at Mbarara University of Science and Technology clinical and pharmaceutical sciences laboratories. Expected outcome The primary outcome will be change in mean (Median) CD 4 cell count. Secondary outcomes will be mean (or median) changes, viral load, complete blood count and other HIV associated immunological indices , Performance status and incidence of adverse effects like nausea, diarrhoea, weight gain and or loss. Expected benefits Adequate immunological recovery is one of the desired outcomes in HIV care. HAART combinations do not directly aid immunological recovery and some patients fail to have adequate immunological recovery despite adequate suppression of viral load. There are many patients using herbal supplements but there is limited scientific clinical evidence on the benefit of these supplements in HAART patients.
The study harnessed the multidisciplinary expertise of our research team to develop a brief, computer-based, alcohol reduction intervention tailored for HIV/HCV co-infected women and evaluate its efficacy. The intervention, if effective, may be an efficient and cost-effective alcohol reduction strategy, that is scalable and can be readily disseminated and integrated in clinical care at other AIDS Centres in Russia to enhance women's health and reduce HIV/HCV transmission risk.
In the proposed R34 grant, the investigators will develop and test a strategy of immediate fast-track care. The study population will include adult patients with early HIV infection. Participants will be randomized to immediate fast-track or standard (deferred fast-track) care. All participants will receive same-day HIV testing and ART initiation prior to study enrollment. The intervention group will receive immediate fast-track care, which is conditional upon timely visits, and after 24 weeks in care, an undetectable viral load (HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/ml). The standard group will be eligible to start fast-track care at 24 weeks, if they are on time for that visit and have an undetectable viral load. Participants in either group who are >3 days late for any fast-track visit will lose fast-track care for that visit; those in either group with detectable viremia on their 24-week viral load test will be evaluated by a physician, with follow-up visits every 4 weeks until they have an undetectable viral load. Participants will be followed for 48 weeks. With the proposed pilot study, the investigators aim to conduct the formative work that is necessary to successfully implement a future clinical trial with the same primary outcome. The investigators hypothesize that immediate fast-track care will result in higher retention with viral suppression.
The ITREMA trial is an open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which HIV-1 infected patients initiating first-line ART and already on first-line ART will be enrolled. Enrollment will continue until 600 patients have been randomized. Patients initiating ART will be randomized after six months of ART and patients already on ART will be randomized at 6 months after the last viral load measurement. Patients in both arms will receive study visits every three months for a total follow-up duration of 18 months after randomization to either of two study arms. The control arm will receive standard of care HIV-1 treatment monitoring during first-line ART in accordance with South African National Department of Health (NDoH) guidelines. The intervention arm will receive intensified treatment monitoring during first-line ART according to the treatment monitoring strategy under investigation.
African Americans have considerably higher rates of HIV infections than do White, Hispanic, Asian, and Native Americans. African Americans accounted for 59% of all diagnoses of HIV infection among youth (13-24 years of age) in the United States. Young African Americans also have disproportionately high rates of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Therefore, the broad, long-term objective of this research is to identify interventions to reduce the risk of HIV and other STIs among young African Americans. Entertainment-education refers to narrative interventions designed to change behavior while providing entertainment. Several studies have evaluated the impact of media content on HIV risk behavior. One study found that exposure to an entertainment-education based HIV testing campaign was associated with increases in HIV testing among sexually active teens 12 months post exposure. Similarly, a radio soap opera called "Twende na Wakati" became the most popular television show in Tanzania and was highly successful in reducing the number of sexual partners and increasing condom use. A narrative video intervention study in STI clinic waiting rooms in three U.S. cities found a significant reduction in STI re-infection among patients visiting during months when the video was shown compared with patients visiting during months when it was not shown. Although these studies show that entertainment-education can be a promising medium for behavior change, none of them evaluated the efficacy of a tailored online entertainment-education intervention specifically designed for African American youth. To address this gap in the literature, this study tested the preliminary efficacy of an innovative, theory-based HIV risk-reduction serial drama intervention, Reality Check, specifically tailored to young African Americans. We used a randomized controlled trial, allocating African Americans 18 to 24 years of age to Reality Check, or an attention-control intervention promoting physical activity. Each intervention was delivered as a series of videos streamed online and accessible via any Internet-capable device. Participants completed surveys online at baseline, immediately post intervention, and 3 months post intervention. We hypothesized that, Reality Check would reduce condomless sex during the 3-month post-intervention period compared with the attention-matched control group, adjusting for baseline of the criterion.
1. Determine the "dose-response" relationship between a cash transfer amount and HIV viral suppression at 6 months 2. Identify the most effective cash transfer size to increase the proportion of people living with HIV infection (PLHIV) retained in care and with suppressed viral load (<1000 copies/ml) after 6 months. (This amount will be further evaluated in a cluster randomized trial in Phase 2).
Introduction: It is well known that the infection caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is associated to a higher cardiovascular event risk. On the other hand, it is clear that the aerobic exercise training induces improvements in autonomic control and vascular function, through increases in vasodilator agents and blood vessels number. However, the investigators could not find previous works that studied the microvascular function in response to exercise training in HIV patients. Objectives: To study the impact of aerobic exercise training in endothelial function of HIV patients. In addition, the investigators will verify the association of the physical fitness to the nitric oxide bioavailability, angiogenesis and lipid profile in HIV patients. Methods: The study subjects will be composed by HIV patients, that will be randomly divided in two different groups: exercised and sedentary. The subjects will be tested before and after training in regards to endothelial function, nitric oxide bioavailability, physical fitness and lipid profile, through flowmetry, colorimetric essays, maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test, and biochemical tests; respectively. The exercise training will be performed in a treadmill for 12 weeks, 3 times a week, 40 minutes each section. Expected Results: The investigators expect to achieve markers that will help in understanding the interaction of HIV with several factors that contribute to an increased endothelial function after exercise training.
The goal of this research study is to evaluate the preliminary impact of a public-health-partnered tele-pharmacist model for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery in a rural state ("TelePrEP"). In brief, PrEP involves daily use of a medication (i.e. Truvada) to prevent HIV infection among people at risk for infection due to sexual exposure or needle sharing. In this study, PrEP eligible rural and small urban-dwelling public health clients wil be enrolled in a prospective study to follow their progression through PrEP care following public health referrals. The study will involve a baseline survey to gather data on participant beliefs and attitudes about PrEP and a follow up telephone survey 30-40 days later to ascertain whether participants have engaged in PrEP. Medical records will be requested as a second method to determine whether participants have started PrEP and whether they are still using PrEP after six months. The hypotheses that PrEP initiation and retention are higher in regions with TelePrEP programs will be tested against control regions.