View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to determine whether TLR-9 adjuvanted pneumococcal is more immunogenic than pneumococcal vaccination alone in HIV-infected adults.
Many of the 28 million people with immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) estimated to be living in sub-Saharan Africa also suffer from malnutrition. Reproductive age women, their infants and young children are among the most vulnerable for malnutrition and progression of HIV to AIDS and mortality is increased in the malnourished, as seen in Eastern and Southern Africa. The HIV Nutrition Project (HNP) research evaluates the effect of protein and micronutrients in meat on the health and nutritional well being of Kenyan women living with HIV in rural Kenya and the health and development of their children, by means of a randomized nutrition intervention. We will determine if meat in the diets of HIV- infected women and their children (1) protects the immune system and prevents severe infection, (2) prevents the loss of body mass and enhances the quality of life among drug naïve women not yet ill enough to warrant antiretroviral drugs and (3) positively impacts growth and development of vulnerable children of the HIV-infected women when compared to those given supplements with the same amount of energy but with either soya or wheat protein. The intervention food with beef protein provides significant vitamin B12, lysine and bio-available iron, zinc and selenium when compared to the soya and wheat supplements. Deficiencies of these nutrients may hasten HIV disease progression. The findings from our project may have implications for the development of initiatives that are either sustainable or subsidized by the local, regional and/or global economies that ensure that all HIV-infected individuals have access to adequate nutrition support that includes foods that provide enough nutrients that are needed to optimize health and well-being. The knowledge gained may significantly impact other populations at high risk for decreased immune function such as those with tuberculosis and malaria. This is a 3 arm randomized design where 225 HIV-infected rural Kenyan mothers with a CD4 between 250 and 500, WHO Stage 1 or 2, and with no co-existing infections, receive with their child, a nutrition biscuit supplement daily (5 days/week) for 12 months. These women are not yet ill enough to warrant treatment with antiretroviral drugs in Kenya and therefore a food intervention may keep them healthy longer and delay the need for drugs.
This is a Phase 3, randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study designed to compare the safety, tolerability, antiviral activity and immunological effect of raltegravir added to a previously stable HAART regimen in the treatment of HIV-1 infected subjects with undetectable viraemia and low CD4 recovery. HYPOTHESIS: Adding raltegravir to a stable HAART in patients with undetectable plasma viral load and low CD4 recovery will result in further viral suppression and therefore higher CD4 recovery.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 400 mg QD nevirapine extended release (NVP XR) formulation versus 200 mg BID nevirapine immediate release (NVP IR) in ARV therapy naïve HIV-1 infected patients after 48 weeks of treatment. Secondary objectives are to evaluate safety and pharmacokinetics of NVP XR and NVP IR.
This is a multi-center, pharmacokinetic study involving a single-dose phase, a wash out phase and a two-week once or twice-daily dosing phase for each of 49 volunteers. In the single-dose phase, each volunteer will apply the single dose in the clinic. Participants will be randomized to have cervicovaginal samples and biopsies collected at one of seven time-points [0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hour(s)] after the single-dose. Blood samples will be drawn at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hour(s) after the single-dose. In the two-week phase, the study supplies will be distributed and the participants will be randomized to apply each dose either once or twice-daily for two weeks. At the one week follow-up visit a blood sample will be drawn prior to the morning dose to obtain a trough value and cervicovaginal samples will be collected four hours after the morning dose. At the two week follow-up visit blood samples will be drawn prior to the morning dose to obtain a trough value and then at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hour(s) from the final morning dose. Participants will be randomized to have cervicovaginal samples and biopsies collected at either 4, 8 or 24 hours after the final morning dose. Up to 10 participants who have completed the first two phases of the study, will be asked to participate in a third phase to have cervicovaginal samples, biopsies and blood samples collected 12 hours after a single-dose.
Some HIV-infected individuals have a white blood cell marker known as HLA-B*57 that appears to help control the progress of the disease; however, not all who have the HLA-B*57 marker are able to control the infection. This study will examine the effects of giving white blood cells with HLA-B*57 from an individual who controls HIV infection to an individual who cannot control HIV infection, as a form of HIV treatment. All candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and blood and urine tests. Both donor and recipient volunteers must be HIV-positive individuals 18 years of age or older who have the HLA-B*57 marker and are receiving care. Donor candidates must have positive HIV antibody tests for at least seven years with a recent CD4 cell count greater than 400 cells/mm?, HIV viral load less than 50 copies/mL, and no previous HIV viral load greater than 1,000 copies/mL. Recipient candidates must have positive HIV antibody tests with a recent CD4 cell count less than 400 cells/mm? and HIV viral load greater than 10,000 copies/mL, and must have failed at least two prior combination antiretroviral regimes and are willing to receive or resume combination antiretroviral therapy. Donor volunteers will be excluded if they have taken certain antiretrovirals drugs, have a medical history of cancer or of other blood-borne illnesses, or have other medical conditions that might interfere with the study. Recipient volunteers will be excluded if they have a medical history of malignant cancer or other medical conditions that might possibly interfere with the study. Donors will undergo apheresis to separate white blood cells from circulating blood before the red blood cells and plasma are returned to the bloodstream. The procedure will take up to five hours, and donors will be required to return for additional tests. Donors may be asked to return for further white blood cell donations, a maximum of six procedures per year. Recipients will undergo apheresis to obtain stem cells for possible use in the study, and will be admitted to an NIH Clinical Center inpatient unit to receive an infusion of white blood cells and undergo a series of blood tests both before and after the infusion. The infusion process will take two hours. After being discharged, recipients will be asked to return to the Clinical Center for monitoring and follow-up tests, and may receive further infusions.
This study will evaluate the effect of an HIV/STD risk-reduction program on the sexual behavior of South African adolescents.
Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial to demonstrate if pre-exposure prophylaxis decreases HIV-1 acquisition among HIV-1 uninfected individuals within HIV-1 discordant couples.
This community-based clinical trial based in two districts of rural Maharashtra, India compares utilization of an intervention model of "fully-decentralized," or rural primary clinic-based, HIV testing and care services, with a control model of the Indian government's partially-decentralized HIV services, offering rural referral clinic testing and urban-based HIV care.
An intensification with the HIV-1 integrase inhibitor Raltegravir (RAL) of a stable HAART regimen with persistent HIV-1 viral suppression could increase the slope of decay of the HIV-1 latent reservoir.