View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) has been clearly established as the central cause of cervical cancer. The current study is designed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' HPV vaccine 580299 in HIV infected adult females living in the Republic of South Africa. The study is double blinded, randomized for HIV positive subjects and open for HIV negative subjects. The Protocol Posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007.
Does subtype of HIV-1 affect the response of ARVs given to Ugandan children
Understanding whether or not viral replication occurs in the brain during chronic untreated HIV-1 infection is of undeniable importance, and has implications for treatment and research priorities. Evidence suggests that viral replication in the CNS occurs at the extremes of HIV-1 disease. Brain involvement has been reported during acute infection, and there is convincing evidence of CNS viral replication during HIV-associated dementia (HAD) and advanced AIDS. Some human and primate data suggest that viral RNA and proteins may be absent from brains of some individuals with chronic untreated HIV-1 infection despite abundant proviral DNA. However, the extent of viral replication in the brain is not known for most of the 42 million people worldwide living with untreated HIV-1 infection. Why is viral replication in the brain such a pivotal issue? Microglial cells and macrophages are primary targets for intrathecal HIV-1 replication, and this can promote neuronal injury through direct effects of gp120 and tat, and indirect induction of toxic mediators. Low-grade injury over years or decades would likely be deleterious, particularly as the population ages. Because treatment guidelines allow systemic HIV-1 replication to continue until CD4+ T cell counts decline considerably, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not recommended for many persons living with HIV. Demonstrating replication in the brain during chronic HIV-1 infection may affect treatment strategies and encourage investigation. Identifying factors that modulate intrathecal viral replication is equally important. Anti-HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) partially control systemic viral replication and delay disease progression. Although available data has been provocative, the role of anti-HIV CTL in the CNS has received little attention. To fill this gap we will examine relationships between intrathecal viral replication, CTL responses, and glial activation/proliferation during HIV-1 infection. These studies will be relevant not only to AIDS but to other inflammatory diseases of the CNS as well.
The purpose of this study is to find ways to get services to families living with HIV. New services for families living with HIV have been tried in places around the country. They seem to benefit many families. We will work with places in New York City that provide HIV services to find out more about family services. There, we will talk with people living with HIV, their family members, and their providers. Many questions need to be answered. For example: What kinds of services do families want? What would make it easier for families to come in for services? What would get in the way?
The proposed project will develop and test an HIV prevention intervention for Latino families. This study will: 1. Conduct a pilot "run-through" of an adapted family-based intervention with three cohorts (about 24 families) to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness for the target population. 2. Revise the family-based HIV prevention intervention based on the results of the pilot "run-through" and structured exit interviews. 3. Recruit and randomize 100 families into the Latino family-based HIV prevention intervention or a general health promotion condition. 4. Estimate the effect size of the Latino family-based HIV prevention intervention from assessment of changes in HIV-related sexual behavior and attitudes and parental monitoring/supervision over 6 months. Based on a thorough review of the literature, the following is anticipated: 1. The revised intervention will be feasible, acceptable, and appropriate for Latino families and will be enthusiastically received. 2. The family-based HIV prevention intervention will result in safer adolescent sexual behavior, greater change with regard to primary outcome measures of behavior (recent sexual activity, the number of unprotected sex acts, proportion of condom use, and intentions to use condoms), safer HIV-related attitudes, improved parent-child communication skills, and greater parental monitoring than the Latino families in the general health promotion condition.
The purpose of this study is to examine the role of emotion and mood in the context of HIV.
The purpose of this observational study is to characterize which immune system cells hide the latent reservoir of HIV by counting the number of latent HIV in different subsets of CD4 cells. Observations will also be made on other possible mechanisms of HIV persistence by looking at cellular factors such as APOBEC3 and drug transporters. The purpose of this study is to develop new strategies to reduce and possibly eliminate the latent reservoir in HIV infected adults.
The purpose of this study is to find out how people's needs are being met and what people do about problems with treatment, symptoms, substance use, mental health, and social services. We are also interested in finding out about changes that people make in their health care team and the reasons for making those changes.
HIV is a virus that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a disease for which there is not yet a cure. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has proven an effective treatment for inhibiting the replication of HIV, allowing for improved quality of life and survival. Previous studies indicate that episodic use of ART is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study will determine mechanisms underlying the increased CVD risk among people infected with HIV and, specifically, in those who receive episodic ART.
It is well known that HIV-infected subjects frequently experience hyperlipidemias, insulin resistance, and visceral adiposity, which are known to increase the risk of atherosclerosis. Several cohorts have shown an increased risk of heart disease in people with HIV. The effect of HIV treatment versus HIV itself on the incidence of heart disease is unclear. In this study the investigators will assess the effect on carotid IMT of the initiation of antiretroviral combinations that are known to have a minimal effect on lipids and insulin resistance. We will also assess the changes in several inflammation and cardiovascular markers,as well as endothelial activation markers,and how these changes relate to therapy-induced changes in immunologic, virologic and metabolic markers.