View clinical trials related to HIV Infections.
Filter by:The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the antiviral activity of lenacapavir (formerly GS-6207) administered as an add-on to a failing regimen (functional monotherapy) in people living with HIV (PLWH) with multi-drug resistance (MDR).
Many older adults in rural South Africa still lack knowledge of their HIV status despite a high probability of infection. Older adults tend to test less for HIV because most HIV testing and prevention programs have been targeted at younger age groups. Other reasons for failure to test for HIV include frailty and lack of financial resources to travel to HIV testing centers. Home-based testing is a powerful approach to bring HIV testing services -- and HIV status knowledge -- to older adults. In real-life health systems, community health workers, such as the South African community care givers, could potentially provide home-based HIV testing on a routine basis. In this study, the investigators are trying to establish the best 'form' for the 'function' home-based HIV testing. Specifically, the investigators aim to 1. Establish the comparative effectiveness of three home-based HIV testing options among older adults in rural South Africa 2. Identify spill-over effects of the different home-based HIV testing options to other adults in the households and communities of the older adults receiving the testing options 3. Determine the comparative cost-effectiveness of the three home-based HIV testing options among older adults.
Main objective: to evaluate the executive functioning of the HIV exposed uninfected children (HEU) versus children from the same socio-economic and cultural environment, not infected or affected by HIV. Secondary objective (s): to evaluate Intellectual Quotient, Child development, Behavior, Language and investigate link between executive functioning disorders, exposure to ARVs, HIV and family environment.
The purpose of this study is to assess completion and performance of the following novel invasive cervical cancer (ICC) screen-and-treat algorithm among 625 HIV-positive women in Lilongwe, Malawi: 1) rapid testing of self-collected vaginal brush for primary high risk (hr)-human papillomavirus (HPV), 2) same-day visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for women who are hr-HPV positive, and 3) thermocoagulation for VIA positive/ablation-eligible (by cervical colposcopy) women.
Background Commencement of lifelong highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) immediately after HIV diagnosis (option B+), for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), has greatly improved maternal-infant health in sub Saharan Africa (SSA). However, this development has also dramatically increased the number of maternally HAART/HIV-exposed-uninfected (HEU) infants in areas of high HIV prevalence. Compared to their HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) counterparts, HEU infants show increased mortality, higher rates of adverse birth outcomes, infectious and non-communicable diseases and impaired growth, immune responses and neurodevelopment. Adverse clinical outcomes and their respective risk factors alongside associated biomarkers of HEU infants in SSA have been insufficiently characterized. Early exposure to HAART and HIV might be risk factors for the adverse outcomes in HEU infants but other potential risk factors and biomarkers remain understudied. Methods The University of Zimbabwe-College of Health Science birth cohort is a prospective cohort study of perinatal HIV and in utero HAART exposure throughout the breastfeeding period in the era of option B+. 600 HIV infected and 600 HIV uninfected pregnant women ≥20 weeks of gestation are being enrolled from four primary health centres in poor high-density residential areas of Harare. Clinical, socio-demographic/economic, nutritional and environmental data and bio-samples including maternal urine, stool, plasma, milk, cord blood, amniotic fluid as well as infant serum, dried blood spots and stool are being collected at enrolment, delivery and longitudinal follow-ups as mother-infant pairs from delivery, week(s) 1, 6, 10, 14, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 after birth. Infants are being assessed for congenital transmission of HIV, hepatitis B/C viruses, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, and growth, neurodevelopment, and immune-dysregulation. Sub-studies are addressing maternal-infant immunometabolomics, latent tuberculosis infection, dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and the effect of maternal stress thereof. The primary end point of this study is infant mortality until two years of age in HEU versus HUU infants. Secondary outcomes include HEU morbidity. Conclusion Our study will provide a comprehensive assessment of risk factors and associated biomarkers for adverse clinical outcomes for HEU infants and ultimately help developing strategies to mitigate effects of HIV, comorbidities and early life HAART exposure on pregnancy outcome and infant health. Trial registration number, date Key words: HIV, Option B+ highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in utero exposure, breastfeeding, antenatal co-morbidities, immune dysfunction, microbiota, genomics, pregnancy outcomes, neurodevelopment infant health.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective at preventing HIV infection but requires high levels of medication adherence, particularly among women. The purpose of this proposal is to evaluate the clinical impact and mechanisms of a family-based storytelling intervention (vs. couples counseling) to improve PrEP adherence and retention among at-risk pregnant/lactating women and their HIV-infected male partners in rural Mozambique. This potentially high impact intervention provides the opportunity to test a culturally relevant approach to PrEP engagement; if proven feasible and effective, family-based storytelling for PrEP engagement could be adopted to reduce HIV incidence among pregnant/lactating women and eliminate mother-to-child transmission (MTCT).
This study is being done to evaluate the relationship between adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV drug concentrations in persons living with HIV (PLWH) that are taking tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). Adherence will be measured with an ingestible biosensor (digital pill). Antiretroviral drug concentrations will be measured in different types of blood cells.
Our proposed study will: provide a novel exploration of facilitators and barriers to PrEP; allow us to target hard to reach populations, including men who have sex with men (MSM) and substance users (both of which are top funding priority groups for the National Institutes of Health) who experience intersecting markers of HIV risk; and inform regional, and possibly national, intervention approaches to combat the overlapping epidemic of HIV and incarceration.
This trial evaluates the impact of providing comprehensive, community-based and peer-led sexual and reproductive health services to adolescents and young people aged 15 to 24 on their knowledge of their HIV status. The trial includes 20 clusters in two communities, half the clusters receive the intervention. After 18-months of implementation, a cross-sectional survey will be conducted to evaluate the impact of the intervention on the primary outcome: knowledge of HIV status.
This is a randomized clinical trial of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (dPEP) to reduce bacterial STIs among Kenyan women taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The overarching goal is to assess the effectiveness of dPEP on incidence of STIs while also balancing acceptability, cost, and impact on tetracycline resistance to inform public health policy. Participants will be randomized to receive dPEP and standard of care or the standard of care only. Questionnaires, focus group discussions, SMS, and in-depth interviews will be used to study acceptability and changes sexual behavior due to dPEP.