View clinical trials related to Cocaine-Related Disorders.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to assess potential interactions between intravenous (IV) cocaine and treatment with lofexidine.
Doxazosin, an alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, may play an important role in cocaine addiction in humans. This study will evaluate to what extent the prospective screening for catecholamine related polymorphisms for alpha 1 NE receptor/transporter, COMT and DBH as main targets predict the treatment efficacy of doxazosin for cocaine-using behavior.
This is a residential pilot trial to evaluate the pharmacodynamic interaction between zonisamide and cocaine, with the goal of evaluating zonisamide's potential for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
This research will evaluate the impact of blocking central and peripheral glucocorticoid receptors on stress sensitivity and the risk of relapse to cocaine use in treatment-seeking cocaine-dependent individuals. Mifepristone (RU-486) will be the glucocorticoid antagonist used.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of substance-abuse treatment as usual plus smoking-cessation treatment (TAU+SCT), relative to substance-abuse treatment as usual (TAU), on drug-abuse outcomes. Specifically, this study will evaluate whether concurrent smoking-cessation treatment improves, worsens, or has no effect on stimulant-use outcomes in smokers who are in outpatient substance-abuse treatment for cocaine or methamphetamine dependence.
For this project, the investigators are interested in exploring a new way to extend and maintain drug abstinence in people who are addicted to crack cocaine. This study will combine a medication called D-Cycloserine (DCS) and weekly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to assess whether the combination will enhance people's ability to stay clean (drug free) for longer periods of time. One of the greatest risks for drug relapse is drug craving. Oftentimes drug craving occurs when a person is confronted with stressors and reminders of past drug use behavior. DCS has been shown to enhance the learning of new information. By administering DCS prior to learning new techniques such as how to cope with drug craving and drug-use reminders, it is possible that patients can be more successful at living a drug free life for a longer period of time. In addition to exploring this model behaviorally, the investigators will explore changes that may occur in the brain before and after the therapy/medication intervention. A technique called MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) will be used to identify areas of the brain that are being activated during an attention task. Areas of neural activation will be assessed at study entry, end of therapy (4-week endpoint) and one month following completion of the treatment program.
Background: - People who are in treatment for substance abuse often feel distress during the withdrawal period and afterward. Some individuals feel distress more acutely than others, and this distress has been linked to poor treatment outcomes and increased risk of relapse in smokers, alcoholics, and cocaine- and heroin-dependent individuals. More research is needed on the effects of distress on the brain, particularly in individuals who are seeking treatment for substance abuse. Researchers are interested in using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning to study distress tolerance in both substance users seeking treatment and healthy non-drug-using volunteers. Objectives: - To use functional magnetic resonance imaging to study the effectiveness of a distress tolerance assessment. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 50 years of age who are either cocaine dependent or healthy non-drug-using volunteers. Design: - This study involves an initial screening visit and a scanning visit, with four followup visits. - Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical examination, as well as blood samples and questionnaires about mood and past and current drug use. - Participants will have a structural MRI scan of the brain to provide a baseline reading for comparison. Participants will then have an fMRI scanning session, which will include both the distress tolerance assessment and relevant control tasks. Heart rate, blood pressure, and other physical reactions will be monitored throughout the scan. Participants will also provide blood and saliva samples to measure stress hormone levels. - Participants will be eligible to have followup assessments with fMRI scanning 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the scanning visit.
Background: - Cues related to past drug use induce a particular pattern of brain activation, which has been correlated with craving for cocaine in active cocaine abusers. Researchers are interested in determining the role of the brain chemical dopamine in cue-elicited as well as spontaneous craving for cocaine. - To study the role of dopamine in cocaine craving, researchers will use positron emission tomography (PET) to compare the neural reactions of cocaine users with those of non-substance-abusing healthy volunteers. Researchers hope that the data gathered from this study will lead to the development of more effective anti-craving medications. Objectives: - To clarify the role of dopamine in cue-elicited responses that contribute to cocaine abuse. - To determine if PET results of this study differ with various means of administering PET chemicals. Eligibility: - Individuals 21 to 44 years of age who are either current cocaine users (at least twice per week) or healthy volunteers without a history of drug abuse. Design: - Cocaine-using participants will enter the inpatient clinical research ward at the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Addiction Research Center for 2 nights before the day of the study. In addition, these participants will stay overnight at NIDA the evening after each PET session and will be discharged the following day. Cocaine-using participants will be required to perform a balance test before the study to provide a baseline response in case they require anti-anxiety medications to cope with the effects of the study. - Control subjects will not be required to stay overnight and will arrive as outpatients for the PET session. All participants will be required to abstain from alcohol and caffeine consumption from midnight before each study session, and will not be permitted to smoke on the day of testing. - - On the day of the study, participants will undergo a practice session to set up the PET scanning equipment. Following the practice session, participants will be shown video recordings of images that are related to nature (e.g., seashells) or to drug abuse (e.g., drug paraphernalia). Participant reactions will be studied through the PET monitoring, and the study will be conducted in two separate PET sessions with a break in between. Individuals in the cocaine-using group may receive anti-anxiety medication if the stimulus cues increase anxiety related to cocaine craving. - Different groups of participants will receive different methods of PET chemical administration, and researchers will compare these methods.
Background: - Cocaine affects the brain's ability to process information. However, different people respond to cocaine in different ways, and differences in brain structure and function may affect how cocaine alters brain activity. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor brain activity during tasks that provide simple rewards, researchers hope to better understand how the brain responds to rewards and how this response is affected by drugs like cocaine. Objectives: - To determine the effect of cocaine administration on the reward experience in cocaine-dependent individuals. - To study genetic and personality factors that may contribute to cocaine dependence. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 45 years of age who either are cocaine-dependent and not seeking treatment or are healthy volunteers. Design: - Participants will be asked to avoid consuming alcohol and restrict consumption of caffeine prior to the study. Participants provide urine and breath samples to be tested for chemicals that may interfere with the study. - All participants will complete a training session and at least one fMRI scanning session. During the training session, participants will be introduced to the reward tasks and MRI equipment. - Healthy volunteers will have a single fMRI session that will involve reward tasks to be completed during the scanning. Rewards will include small amounts of fruit juice and the opportunity to win money. - Cocaine-dependent participants will have a training session and three experimental sessions including 1) a mock MRI scan to test cocaine tolerance, 2) one fMRI scan with reward tasks after administration of IV cocaine, and 3) one fMRI scan with reward tasks after administration of IV placebo (saline solution). Rewards will include small amounts of fruit juice and the opportunity to win money. - In addition to the scans, participants will provide a blood sample for further study and will answer questionnaires provided by the researchers.
1. Primary objective #1: Determine the relative effectiveness of MI-IOP and MI-PC in the full study sample with regard to treatment engagement over weeks 1-12 and cocaine use over weeks 1-24. - Hypothesis 1: An intervention that explores several possible treatment options with the patient and provides the chosen option (e.g., MI-PC) will produce higher rates of treatment engagement than an intervention focused on engagement in IOP only (e.g., MI-IOP). - Hypothesis 2: An intervention that explores several possible treatment options with the patient and provides the chosen option (e.g., MI-PC) will produce better cocaine use outcomes than an intervention focused on engagement in IOP only (MI-IOP). - Secondary analysis 1: Among the Non-engaged patients, determine rates of selection of each of the three options in MI-PC, retention rates within each option, and cocaine use outcomes in each option. - Secondary analysis 2: Among the Engaged patients, determine rates of selection of each of the three options in MI-PC, retention rates within each option, and cocaine use outcomes in each option. 2. Primary objective #2: Determine whether the relative effectiveness of MI-IOP and MI-PC varies as a function of engagement group, with regard to treatment engagement over weeks 1-12 and cocaine use outcomes over weeks 1-24. - Hypothesis 1: The predicted main effect on retention favoring MI-PC over MI-IOP will be significantly larger among patients in the Non-engaged group than among those in the Engaged group. - Hypothesis 2: The predicted main effect on cocaine use outcomes favoring MI-PC over MI-IOP will be significantly larger among patients in the Non-engaged group than among those in the Engaged group.