View clinical trials related to Atherosclerosis.
Filter by:Recent studies have shown that HIV infected individuals have an increased risk of developing heart disease, but the reason for this is not fully understood. This study will examine ultrasound test results of blood vessels and laboratory data of HIV infected and HIV uninfected women to examine the link between heart disease and HIV infection.
The primary objective of this randomized, double blind, placebo controlled pilot study is to determine if therapies aimed at lowering LDL cholesterol (HMGCoA reductase inhibitor – simvastatin) or increasing HDL cholesterol (Niaspan) will induce regression of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in vivo using MRI imaging techniques. MR plaque morphology at baseline will be compared to that after 6 and 12 months of therapy and changes in MR characteristics will be compared to changes in lipoprotein parameters and urinary isoprostanes. The effect of moderate LDL reduction, aggressive LDL reduction and the combination of aggressive LDL reduction and HDL elevation on MRI plaque characteristics will be compared by randomly assigning subjects (n=69) with carotid disease (>30% stenosis by ultrasound criteria) to one of three treatment arms; 1. Simvastatin 20 mg daily and placebo Niaspan (n=23) 2. Simvastatin 80 mg daily and placebo Niaspan (n=23) 3. Simvastatin 20 mg daily and active Niaspan (n=23) Treatment group 2 and 3 will have roughly equivalent LDL lowering because of the synergistic LDL lowering effect of the combination of simvastatin and Niaspan.
The risk of thrombotic complications after implantation of drug-eluting stents (DES) may be increased in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) or metabolic syndrome (MS). It is recommended that all patients take an association of aspirin and clopidogrel for several months after DES implantation to reduce this risk. However, the biological efficacy of current antiplatelet therapies has not been studied prospectively and specifically in DM or MS patients. Our aim is to study the biological efficacy of an association of aspirin and clopidogrel (600 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg maintenance dose) using an assay measuring ex vivo shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA), along with other assays measuring platelet activation and aggregation, in patients with DM, MS, or no DM/MS. Patients with stable coronary artery disease and successful DES implantation in native coronary arteries will be eligible. They will be stratified at entry according to their metabolic status (DM, MS, or no DM/MS). Measurements will be performed 6-24 hours after clopidogrel loading dose (acute effects) and 4 months later under clopidogrel maintenance dose (chronic effects). Study end-points: A. Primary biological end-point: To compare SIPA levels in DM vs. MS vs. no DM/MS patients. B. Secondary biological end-points: - To compare the results of other tests of platelet aggregation/activation in DM vs. MS vs. no DM/MS patients. - To compare the acute (6-24 hours after clopidogrel loading dose) and chronic (4 months later) results of the above mentioned tests. These comparisons will be performed in the overall population and in each group (DM, MS, no DM/MS). C. Secondary clinical end-points: To study the relationship between SIPA levels (and the other tests of platelet aggregation/activation) and the occurrence of: - Periprocedural myocardial infarctions - Major adverse cardiac events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or ischaemia-driven target vessel revascularization) at 4 and 12 months after stent implantation. We, the researchers at Assistance PUBLIQUE - HOPITAUX de Paris, anticipate our study may help improve our knowledge of the efficacy of current antiplatelet therapies in DM and MS patients treated with DES.
In patients with hypertension who undergo elective PCI, the effects of long-term administration of Calblock (azelnidipine) on plaque volume will be determined quantitatively by 3D-IVUS and compared with those of amlodipine besilate (Norvasc or Amlodin).
To collect clinical outcome and device performance data on the FDA 510(k)-cleared Emboshield® BareWire™ Rapid Exchange Embolic Protection System and FDA-approved Xact® Rapid Exchange Carotid Stent System when used under commercial use conditions by a broad group of physicians entering the study with differing carotid artery stenting experiences.
Minimal invasive treatment (called "endovascular") of the arteries of the lower limb remains problematic, because recurrent disease ("restenosis") frequently leads to recurrent symptoms. As yet, balloon angioplasty remains the recommended strategy to revascularize the superficial femoral artery (artery of the thigh). We investigated whether the use of a vascular endoprosthesis ("stent") improves patients´ outcome. Study hypothesis: Primary stenting with self expanding nitinol stents may improve patency after endovascular treatment of superficial femoral artery obstructions compared to balloon angioplasty with optional stenting.
The purpose of the study is to test higher versus lower doses of aspirin on markers of atherosclerosis in patients who have had a heart attack.
The purpose of the study is to test higher versus lower doses of aspirin on markers of atherosclerosis in patients at risk of a first heart attack.
This trial of SB-480848 in approximately 920 subjects with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) or CHD-risk equivalent will examine whether SB-480848 produces sustained inhibition of plasma Lp-PLA2 activity, explore the effects of SB-480848 on other circulating biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk, and evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of SB-480848 over 12 weeks of once-daily oral dosing. Subjects will first be randomized 1:1 to double-blind atorvastatin 20 mg or 80 mg once daily for a minimum of 3 weeks. Subjects will then be randomized 1:1:1:1 to oral doses of SB-480848 40 mg, 80 mg, 160 mg or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. Blood samples will be collected at various timepoints. Vital signs, electrocardiograms, clinical laboratory safety tests and adverse event assessments will be performed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of SB-480848.
IBIS-2 is a study using SB-480848 versus placebo in subjects with angiographically documented coronary heart disease. Endpoints include coronary imaging, endothelial function, biomarkers, safety and tolerability.