View clinical trials related to Atherosclerosis.
Filter by:The study will evaluate the clinical utilization of skin Cholesterol (SC) for cardiovascular risk assessment in asymptomatic individuals at low, intermediate and high risk based on Framingham global risk estimates. Preliminary studies have suggested that SC is an easy to measure, noninvasive marker of cardiovascular risk. This study is intended to provide further data in support of broader clearance by the Food and Drug Administration for the use of SC as a tool to identify asymptomatic patients at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Currently, SC testing is cleared for use as part of risk assessment in subject suspected of having significant multi-vessel disease. The current study data will be used to support the use of SC testing as part of cardiovascular risk assessment in subjects without suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).
The purposes of this study are to determine: 1. Inter-site variability in CIMT image measurement using SonoCalcTM. 2. If non-sonographer health care professionals working in an office practice setting can be trained to follow a carotid scanning protocol that permits (a) accurate measurement of CIMT and (b) determination of plaque presence. 3. If (a) CIMT measurements and (b) determination of plaque presence by non-sonographer health care professionals are bioequivalent to those made by a core laboratory. 4. If CIMT measurements and plaque assessment performed in office practices lead to meaningful changes in patient and physician behavior related to cardiovascular disease prevention.
A predominant consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is accelerated development of atherosclerosis related conditions. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors only explain a portion of the excess risk for atherosclerosis in this population. In vitro, animal and epidemiologic studies have suggested that a variety of "novel" cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), including triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL), small dense low density lipoprotein (D-LDL) subfractions, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. These risk factors may also induce endothelial cell activation/injury or local or systemic inflammation that cause elevations in plasma levels of additional novel risk factors, such as soluble adhesion molecules, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP). Many of these risk factors are increased in DM type 2, presumably as a consequence of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. However, no studies have evaluated the singular or synergistic relationship of these novel (CVRF) to measures of atherosclerosis as well as to the development of clinical macrovascular events in individuals with diabetes. If, as we suspect, these novel CVRF are related to development of atherosclerosis and macrovascular disease, it will be critical for the future design of prevention strategies to know whether intensive glucose lowering significantly reduces the levels of these novel CVRF. Furthermore, it would be important to explore whether the relationship of the above novel risk factors to atherosclerosis and development of clinical events is attenuated in those individuals receiving glucose lowering therapy. Alternatively, if glucose lowering has no effect (or a negative effect), on relevant novel CVRF, this could potentially explain the limited success of intensive glucose lowering to reduce macrovascular events in several prior trials. The investigator proposes to take advantage of the study population and framework of the recently approved VA Cooperative Study of "Glycemic Control and Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2" to address these issues in an efficient and cost-effective manner.
This study will determine the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the developing cardiovascular system, the evolution of HAART-associated cardiovascular changes over time, and the association between cardiovascular measurements with HAART exposure.
The purpose of this study is to learn what changes in blood vessel contraction may occur as a result of a disease of the vessel that requires surgery. The study will examine the calcium channels present in the vessels being operated on, and the genes that may alter blood vessel function. Possible variation in these genes may change the kind of calcium channels present in blood vessels.
This study will evaluate the efficacy of diet and exercise (DE), with and without niacin and fenofibrate, in reducing the cardiovascular risk of patients with HIV lipodystrophy or dyslipidemia.
PLEASE NOTE: THIS STUDY IS ONLY ENROLLING PATIENTS CURRENTLY BEING TREATED AT BELAIR-EDISON FAMILY HEALTH CENTER. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of two cardiovascular risk reduction programs - a comprehensive intensive (Cl) intervention with a less intensive (LI) intervention - in African American, and white low-income patients with known excessive cardiovascular disease risk.
To determine the rate of progression of sub-clinical cardiovascular disease as measured in carotid intimal medial thickness over a period of 8 to 10 years.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the combination of clopidogrel with aspirin prevents the development of blockages (atherosclerosis) in vein grafts one year after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) compared to aspirin alone.
In the ASCET study, 1000 patients with documented coronary heart disease will be randomized to either continued treatment with aspirin 160 mg/d or change to clopidogrel 75mg/d. Clinical endpoints will be recorded for at least 2 years and related to the initial aspirin response, assessed by the PFA-100® method, to investigate whether aspirin non-responders have higher composite event rate than responders or whether Clopidogrel treatment in patients non-responsive to aspirin will reduce their risk of future clinical events. The clinical events are the composite of unstable angina, myocardial infarction, stroke or death.