View clinical trials related to Atherosclerosis.
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The effects of a nutraceutical combination (NC) containing low-dose monacolin K and berberine on lipid profile, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), subclinical inflammation and arterial stiffness were investigated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving stable antiretroviral therapy (ART).
The investigators plan to evaluate the correlation between carotid plaque enhancement on Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), significant coronary artery disease (CAD), and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in a systematic manner. The investigators hypothesize that increased levels of CEUS-detected vulnerable carotid plaque will be predictive of CV risk determined by angiography and future cardiovascular events.
The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) on reducing atherosclerotic plaques inflammation among patients with symptomatic femoropopliteal peripheral artery disease.
This clinical study is a prospective, non-randomized, multicenter, single-arm study to demonstrate the acceptable safety and performance of the JETSTREAM™ Atherectomy System (Jetstream) used during percutaneous peripheral vascular intervention in patients with occlusive atherosclerotic lesions in the native SFA and/or PPA. It is intended that all patients with qualifying lesions would be considered for enrollment and treated with the Jetstream System.
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in industrialized countries. Among them, atherosclerosis has the highest prevalence and constitutes a common pathological pathway responsible for the majority of cases of chronic ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure and cerebrovascular disease. Classic studies have confirmed well-established etiopathogenic factors of atherosclerosis based on genetic and immunological components and environmental modifying agents such as diet and exercise. But in addition, recent experimental studies have shown that dysbiosis (alteration of the microbiota) may be an additional factor that participates in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. The objective of this study is to identify the potential interactions between changes in the microbiota, changes in the immune status, the clinical evolution and the instability and progression of atherosclerosis.
In the present study, the investigators sought to prospectively examine the associations of plasma levels of TMAO (trimethylamine oxide), choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and sarcosine with risk of incident carotid artery plaque, assessed by repeated B-mode carotid artery ultrasound imaging over a 7-year period, in women and men with and without HIV infection from the WIHS (Women Interagency HIV Study) and MACS (Multicenter Aids Cohort Study).
Atherosclerosis is accompanied by microvascular dysfunction (an impairment of blood vessels to dilate or constrict in response to demand). The ability to reliably measure microvascular dysfunction would help identify patients at risk of myocardial infarction and test new treatments. All existing measures of microvascular dysfunction suffer significant limitations. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is an imaging method that uses an infrared light-source and detector (called optodes) to painlessly shines light into tissue and collect reflected light at different wavelengths. This data allows quantification of the amount of haemoglobin (blood) in the tissue and whether it is oxygenated or de-oxygenated. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a powerful analysis technique for data collected from multiple NIRH optodes. Unlike most NIRS studies that use a single pair of optodes and collects a single datapoint for each wavelength over time, DOT allows three-dimensional spatial reconstruction of haemodynamic and anatomic changes in a large region of tissue over time. In preliminary work DOT had the potential to measure forearm reactive hyperaemia, a key indicator of microvascular function. Team will test whether DOT can detect differences between patients and healthy volunteers. In this work, 30 patients will be recruited with type 2 diabetes, 30 patients who have had a previous myocardial infarction and 30 healthy volunteers. The Investigator will also recruit 50 patients who are on waiting lists for coronary angiography. The DOT will be used to measure participants' microvascular function after brachial artery occlusion by a blood pressure cuff. The Investigator will then examine whether DOT can detect differences between healthy volunteers, diabetics, and patients with a previous heart attack, and whether DOT is able to predict existence of coronary artery disease on angiography. If successful, DOT can be developed for assessment of microvascular function to the point where it could be applied to clinical studies.
The investigator tested the efficacy of maraviroc intensification on down-regulating atherosclerotic progression in HIV infected patients with optimal viro-immunologic control and at high cardiovascular risk.
The study aims to compare the effect of a cardiovascular education package intervention on treatment-seeking behavioral outcomes of HCV+ patients. This prospective multicenter trial will compare outcomes between the intervention group (HCV+ patients receiving the enhanced education package) and the control group (HCV+ patients receiving the standard of care, the basic education package). The primary outcome measured will be successful linkage to hepatology for a discussion of HCV treatment options. The secondary outcome measured will be linkage to primary care for chronic disease management.