View clinical trials related to Undernutrition.
Filter by:Undernutrition is a leading global risk factor of tuberculosis (TB) and a prevalent comorbidity associated with TB. In Benin, the National TB Program systematically provides nutritional support to all persons with TB (PWTB), distributing prepared foods to hospitalized patients and food baskets during outpatient care. In Togo, the PWTB population is similar to that of Benin; however, Togo does not have a systematic program in place to provide nutritional support to these patients. The investigators will perform a prospective cohort analysis using anonymized TB patient data from the National TB Programs of Benin and Togo. Participants enrolled in Benin will receive nutritional support from the hospital while those enrolled in Togo will not. Participants in Togo who do not receive nutritional support will serve as a control. Unfavorable outcomes in both groups such as treatment failure, death, or relapse will be compared. The results from this study should help to shape TB programs in the future by incorporating nutritional support.
Undernutrition occurs in 900 million individuals globally, so it is a very important health problem because it contributes to high mortality rates, especially in children. In addition, undernutrition has consequences for children's growth and development, including increased susceptibility to 1) Experiencing fat accumulation, especially in the central part of the body; 2) Experiencing changes in body metabolism, especially fat, decreased oxidation; 3) Experiencing a decrease in resting energy expenditure and postprandial energy expenditure; 4) Insulin resistance in adulthood which results in hypertension and dyslipidemia, 5) Decreased capacity to do manual work that requires physical strength. 6) Changes occur in the function of the autonomic nervous system (Matrins et al., 2011). Loss of muscle mass and function causes muscle weakness. Handgrip strength has been used as a tool to measure muscle strength and functionality and can measure low individual mobility because handgrip strength is positively correlated with daily activity (Whiting et al., 2016). Hand grip strength or handgrip strength is used as a predictor of undernutrition in adult patients with cancer who are hospitalized (Bauer et al., 2015), and is stated as a predictor of nutritional status and changes in nutritional status (Flood et al., 2014). Other research also shows that there is a positive correlation between BMI percentile and hand grip strength (Kotecha and Desai, 2022). In studies on elderly populations, handgrip strength is positively correlated with nutritional status (Akbar and Setiati, 2018), while in populations of children at risk of malnutrition (using the Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score-PYM), it shows handgrip strength based on age (HGS z-score). and based on height is lower than children who have a lower risk of malnutrition. The HGS z-score can also be used as a predictor of fat free mass (FFM) for sick children compared to healthy children and is also related to plasma CRP (Mckirdy et al., 2021). Based on the explanation above, this research was conducted to know the differences in hand grip strength, muscle mass, and blood pressure in undernourished children aged 8-10 years compared to normal children.
The purpose of this study is to refine, implement and assess the acceptability and feasibility of an existing nutrition intervention applied to people living with dementia receiving home care.
In France, the prevalence of undernutrition in hospitalized patients varies from 30 to 50%. Undernutrition is strongly associated with a decrease in the patient's functional abilities and an increase in morbidity and mortality and healthcare expenses. In 2019, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) published an international consensus report on diagnostic criteria for undernutrition. The diagnostic criteria are numerous, and include etiological criteria such as reduced food intake; an inflammatory setting; symptoms such as anorexia, fatigue; phenotypic criteria such as weight loss, body mass index (BMI), fat to lean mass ratio, fluid retention, and muscle function. Muscle mass is described as a major diagnostic criterion, since it is on the one hand a direct indicator of protein catabolism related to undernutrition, but also a reflection of functional impairment in the patient, as it is directly associated with functional capacities, autonomy and prognosis. Ultrasound is a reproducible method of muscle assessment. It allows the evaluation of muscle thickness or cross-sectional area of a muscle, the reduction of which, a marker of atrophy, is strongly correlated to its loss of strength and to reference measurements. In addition, ultrasound can be used to assess muscle quality, particularly by evaluating the echogenicity of the muscle. The echogenicity increases when the muscle is altered, linked to the presence of fatty infiltrate and fibrous tissue. The use of ultrasound in the evaluation of the patient's nutritional status, as a tool for assessing muscle function, is developing in the ICU and is associated with an increase in the patient's comorbidities. Studies remain limited to a few patient populations, do not report clear cut-off values to define muscle pathological status, and require more precise definition of ultrasound measurement protocols. The investigators hypothesize that muscle ultrasound is reliable and valid in the evaluation of muscle function during the screening of undernutrition in a population of patients hospitalized in diabetology-obesity, pneumology, oncology and gastro-nutrition, under 70 years old.
Background: Double burden of malnutrition is an emerging public health problem among children under-five years due to the inevitable consequences of nutritional transition. Addressing these two contrasting forms of malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) simultaneously brings an enormous challenge to the food and nutrition policies of developing countries like Ethiopia. Children under five ages are more vulnerable to DBM, especially during the first year of their life due to high growth and inadequate diet. Hence, there has been a paradigm shift in thinking to reduce its effect on the health of children. However, interventions that are used to address these different kinds of malnutrition are implemented through different governance and still, they are isolated and disintegrated each other. Therefore, double-duty interventions can tackle the risk of both nutritional problems simultaneously in an integrated approach through nutrition behavior change communication. Objective: Therefore, the main aim of this pilot study is to assess the effect of selected double-duty interventions on the double burden of malnutrition among children under five years in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia.
The APPETITE Trial aims to investigate the efficacy of innovative plant protein fibre (PPF) products (developed in a previous workpackage) as part of a personalised diet with/out physical activity on appetite and incidence of undernutrition in older persons from three European countries at high risk of undernutrition.
Undernutrition in the first 2 years of life is the largest preventable cause of death before age 5. Among those who survive, stunting before age two leaves millions with lifelong physical and cognitive deficits, which are difficult to compensate for later in life. Pakistan is home to the second largest number of stunted children in South Asia. The primary goal of this study is to rehabilitate moderately malnourished children aged 7-23 months and enable mothers to sustain this healthy growth at home by changing their infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, child care, hygiene and health-seeking behaviours.
Food is available in easy-to-grip bites that allow residents in care settings to use their fingers for food. This new way of eating can help limit weight loss, increase food intake, gain independence and improve the enjoyment of eating for residents.
The objective of the research project is to establish an evidence-based sustainable nutrition service delivery platform for optimizing pregnancy weight gain, increasing dietary diversity of adolescent girls, and ensuring proper physical growth of under 2 children. Hypothesis 1. Pregnant Women: Intensive nutrition and WASH counseling, iron-folate, calcium supplementation during pregnancy, can improve gestational weight gain and improve hemoglobin status in pregnant women in a slum of Dhaka city 2. Adolescent girl: Iron and zinc supplementation and nutrition counseling on dietary diversity could improve nutritional status and dietary diversity score in adolescent girls of slums in Dhaka 3. Children <2 years: Counselling on IYCF, growth monitoring, and promotion, ensuring six-monthly vitamin A supplementation, counseling on WASH, treatment of acute malnutrition, and daily 1 egg supplementation for 3 months for severely stunted children can improve the nutritional status of children 4. Counselling to improve Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practice: WASH intervention can improve EED biomarkers
In France, the prevalence of undernutrition among hospitalized patients varies from 30 to 50%. Undernutrition is strongly associated with a decrease in the patient's functional capacities and an increase in morbidity and mortality and in healthcare costs. In 2019, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) and the Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) are each publishing updated diagnostic criteria for undernutrition in adults aged <70 years. Aetiological and phenotypic criteria are retained: reduced food intake, inflammatory state, weight loss, BMI and reduced muscle mass. Reduced muscle mass has become a major diagnostic criterion and various measurement tools are suggested, such as bioelectrical impedancemetry, grip strength measurement or magnetic resonance imaging. Collaboration between dieticians, physiotherapists, nurses, care assistants and doctors makes it possible to respond to the need to screen for undernutrition according to these new definitions, which involve a multidisciplinary assessment. These two definitions are very similar but differ on the time period of weight loss, on the BMI cut-off values and on the thresholds for muscle mass loss. The GLIM definition may be less selective than the HAS definition. The investigators hypothesise that the prevalence of undernutrition in a population of adult patients hospitalised in diabetology-obesity, pneumology, oncology and gastro-nutrition, aged < 70 years, is different according to the diagnostic criteria recommended by the HAS or by the GLIM, and may be associated with a different patient morbi-mortality. In addition, the choice of the method of assessment of muscle function could impact this prevalence. The main objective of this study is to compare the prevalence of global undernutrition based on the diagnostic criteria recommended by the HAS with that based on the diagnostic criteria recommended by the GLIM, in patients hospitalised in diabetes-obesity, pneumology, oncology and gastro-nutrition units. The secondary objectives will be, in patients hospitalized in diabetes-obesity, pneumology, oncology and gastro-nutrition units: - To compare the prevalence of severe undernutrition between the HAS and GLIM groups; - To compare the morbi-mortality of undernutrition between the HAS and GLIM groups on : - Length of hospital stay ; - Mortality rate; - Autonomy at discharge. - To evaluate the impact of the choice of the muscle function assessment tool on the prevalence of undernutrition in the HAS and GLIM groups. This is a prospective, monocenter, observationnal and cohort study. Patients hospitalised in acute and rehabilitation care for diabetes-obesity, pneumology, oncology and gastro-nutrition purpose. Univariate comparisons will use the usual statistical tests after verification of the distribution of the variables (Chi2 or Fisher's test, t-test, anova or their non-parametric equivalents Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests). The variables will be compared between the two groups by the appropriate tests according to the type of variables (quantitative or qualitative) and their distribution. The results of this study will make it possible to verify whether the GLIM definition increases the prevalence of undernutrition compared to that of the HAS. The use of one or other of the definitions could thus have an impact on the medical and paramedical management of undernutrition. On the other hand, muscle function benefits from different assessment tools, which could lead to a different estimate of the reduction in muscle mass and therefore a different prevalence of undernutrition. The results of our study will help to evaluate this and guide professionals in the choice of tools for assessing muscle function.