View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:Artisanal, small-scale mining (ASM) is a large and essential component of the world's economy. Despite attendant risks, there is little research into risks to the health of artisanal miners. The tanzanite gemstone is mined exclusively in Northern Tanzania, in deep shafts using ASM techniques. There is concerning evidence that the burden of silicosis and tuberculosis (TB) amongst miners is high. In addition to miners' personal risks, there is concern that a high rate of silicotuberculosis may hamper community control of TB. Our primary aim is to measure the rate of silicosis progression among tanzanite miners. Our secondary aims include measuring the prevalence of TB among miners, describing TB transmission patterns in miners and the community, and assessing rates of 'catastrophic' economic loss amongst miners. To do this, the investigators propose two studies. First, the investigators will establish a prospective cohort of 410 small scale tanzanite miners and record symptoms, respiratory function including spirometry, chest radiography, and prevalence of TB and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection over an 18-month period. Second, the investigators will utilize an ongoing community-based TB screening program to perform a cross-sectional survey of TB prevalence among miners and community members. To assess TB transmission, the investigators will collect epidemiological data and perform whole genome sequencing (WGS) on positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) culture samples. Given the lack of research and large global ASM workforce, 1 million of whom are in Tanzania, the results of this study will assist in the development and introduction of interventions to reduce the risks to respiratory health of artisanal mining in Tanzania and elsewhere; and provide ample scope for future work.
Clinical workflows which position computer-aided detection (CAD) software for chest X-ray interpretation during TB screening as a decision support tool for radiologists, with the aim of improving interpretation accuracy and/or efficiency, may prove to be a more acceptable use case than outright radiologist replacement. Freundeskreis Für Internationale Tuberkulosehilfe e.V. (FIT) will organize 80 community-based chest X-ray screening events for TB across three provinces of Viet Nam as part of a pragmatic clinical trial designed to assess the real-world impact a CAD software deployment. INSIGHT CXR CAD software (Lunit, South Korea) will be used to support CXR interprtation at half of the screening events (randomly selected) by automating the identification of normal CXR images before an on-site radiologist makes a final CXR interpretation (CAD-based triage use case). The other screening events will use only an on-site radiologist for CXR interpretation (usual care). Aims 1. Compare the difference in the proportion of chest X-ray images which are declared as abnormal by the on-site radiologist between the study arms 2. Compare the difference in the proportion of people diagnosed with TB using the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay among those screened by chest X-ray between the study arms
Tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis are both granulomatous diseases. Here we compared the immunological micro-environments of granulomas from TB and sarcoidosis patients using in situ sequencing (ISS) transcriptomic analysis and multiplexed immunolabelling of tissue sections.
To determine how accurate Xpert MTB/RIF and XDR for diagnosis of pulmonary TB and Rifampicin resistance
Tuberculosis is a major infectious disease with a high mortality burden in the Asia-Pacific region and worldwide. Among various types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is amongst the most common manifestations. TBP is also a major underlying cause among patients hospitalised with new-onset unilateral pleural effusion. The workup of TBP frequently involves thoracentesis to retrieve pleural fluid and pleural biopsy for microbiological and histological interpretations. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests is of unsatisfactory sensitivity, making diagnosing TBP challenging. In addition, certain tests, including pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA), Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (MTB PCR), advanced biopsy procedures (e.g. real-time image-guided biopsy, pleuroscopy) are not readily available in developing regions due to scarcity of resources and lack of expertise. All these factors lead to heterogeneous practice in approaching new-onset pleural effusion, interpretation of pleural TB investigations, and timing of TBP treatment initiation among respiratory physicians in different Asia-Pacific regions. The proposed multinational survey aims to understand the real-world clinical practice in approaching patients with new-onset unilateral pleural effusion and diagnosing TBP in Asia-Pacific regions with intermediate to high TB burden. The results will reflect the current practice of diagnosing TBP, clinical and resource discrepancies in investigating TBP, management of TBP and help prioritise the need for further research in TBP
This study aims to assess the prevalence and the outcome of prescribing drugs known to have major drug-drug interactions with anti-tuberculous drugs among Kasr Alainy tuberculous patients.
The purpose of this study is to provide data showing if there are any effects of GSK3036656 on a combined oral contraceptive containing Ethinyl Estradiol (EE) and Levonorgestrel (LNG), which will help inform future studies on suitable contraceptive measures to be used.
The goal of this observational study is to understand how tuberculosis (TB) infection impacts the function and development of the placenta, and whether TB infection can contribute to pregnancy-related disorders through effects on the placenta. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Does TB infection affect the structure of the placenta? - Does TB infection affect the function of the placenta? Pregnant women attending delivery clinics in Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, will be enrolled and classified for TB infection using a blood-based test. We will compare the following outcomes between women with TB infection and women without TB infection: - Pathological lesions of the placenta - Gene and protein expression patterns linked to pregnancy-related disorders - Infant outcome at birth and at 6 weeks after birth
This study is a prospective observational non-randomized clinical trial where all the participitants undergo the same procedure and every participitant's samples are compared to each other. The investigators conduct EBUS TBNA and EBUS TBMCB on all the study participants.The cryobiopsy samples are numbered to evaluate the number of biopsies needed to reach a definite diagnosis and to assess the added value of every sample taken from the same participitant. Every participitant's own samples are compared to each other and added value of EBUS TBMCB is defined as the difference in diagnostic yield between the EBUS TBNA alone and the combination of EBUS TBNA with EBUS TBMCB. Diagnostic yield is defined as the efficacy of the investigation module in reaching a definite diagnosis (percentage of cases with a definite diagnosis). Follow up four weeks after the procedure to assess the risk for postoperative complications.
The overall objective of this Aim is to design and iteratively adapt a home-based, mHealth- and oral testing facilitated strategy for implementing tuberculosis (TB) contact tracing in Cali, Colombia. Investigators will employ an iterative, community-engaged, participatory co-design process to optimize the feasibility, acceptability, usability, and appropriateness of the mobile health (mHealth) and oral testing strategy, in preparation for a future, appropriately powered implementation-effectiveness trial. This protocol includes the baseline contact tracing protocol and the procedures for determining adaptations to the mHealth strategy (i.e., nominal group technique).