View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:In the last decade, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has declined in much of the world, but has increased in Central and South America. Since 2000, the prison population in these localizations has grown by 206%, the highest increase in the world. In the same period, the reported cases of TB among the prison population (PP) increased by 269%. The extraordinarily high risk of acquiring TB within prisons creates a health and human rights crisis for PP that also undermines broader TB control efforts. Same studies identified an annual incidence of 26,000 per 100,000 for latent TB infection (through conversion of the tuberculin skin test) and of 4,000 per 100,000 for active TB among the PP in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In view of the combination of a high rate of infection and development of active disease and a short period of incarceration (on average 3 years), primary prophylaxis with BCG revaccination may be a cost-effective alternative associated with mass screening for control of the disease. Recently, in a phase 2 clinical trial, the BCG vaccine was shown to be 45% effective in preventing sustained IGRA conversion in adolescents in South Africa. With this study, the investigators aim to evaluate the effectiveness of BCG revaccination for primary TB prophylaxis in healthy individuals exposed to an environment of high disease transmission. This is an open-label, randomized phase IV clinical trial involving 760 individuals from three prisons in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Participants will be monitored for 26 months to calculate vaccination effectiveness to reduce latent tuberculosis infection as measured through sustained IGRA conversion. By carrying out this clinical trial, the researchers intend to obtain scientific evidence that can contribute to the tuberculosis control policy in Brazil.
The study is an exploratory clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the treatment with a vaccine against tuberculosis (RUTI®) given at the same time as standard treatment in patients with tuberculosis. It is a prospective, randomized (1:1), double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled clinical phase IIb trial.
The detection of miRNA (non-coding ribonucleic acid) in the blood in the context of active tuberculosis is an innovative approach to the detection of new disease-specific biomarkers. The primary goal of this analysis is to define, for the first time, an miRNA fingerprint for tuberculosis in sweat. Samples that were collected as part of the Sweatb Study (NCT03667742) project are examined for the occurrence of disease-specific, non-coding miRNAs to define new biomarkers in the sweat. These biomarkers can be detected non-invasively and will help in the detection of patients with active tuberculosis.
This is a single-center, open-label, fixed sequence, pharmacokinetic interaction study between bictegravir and tenofovir alafenamide with rifapentine dosed either daily or weekly. Primary Aims - To assess the effect of once-weekly rifapentine on the steady-state PK of BIC - To assess the effect of once-daily rifapentine on the steady-state PK of BIC Secondary Aims - To assess the effect of daily dosed rifapentine on steady-state PK of TAF (measured as plasma and IC concentrations of TFV-DP) - To assess the effect and timing of interactions of weekly dosed rifapentine on steady-state PK of TAF (measured as plasma and IC concentrations of TFV-DP) - To assess the safety of BIC/TAF/FTC when coadministered with once-weekly or once-daily rifapentine
Approximately 225 samples, obtained from participants with varying risk factors for TB infection and disease, will be tested using the QFT Access Kit and the comparator device QFT-Plus.
Tuberculosis has been shown to make immune genes inaccessible and slows immune response The purpose of this research is to see if if azacitidine is safe and can return the ability of the body to resist tuberculosis (TB), a contagious infection that attacks the lungs. Individuals with tuberculosis are being asked to participate. Some will receive a drug to restore a host immunity while others can choose to receive standard of care. All patients will continue to receive standard of care tuberculosis therapy regardless of whether they chose to participate in the study. This study is a Phase Ib/IIa single-institution, open-label, non-randomized clinical trial of sub-cutaneous azacitidine in pulmonary TB patients during the continuation phase of ATT.
Drug-resistance is a major challenge for tuberculosis (TB) care programs. The new WHO guideline recommends adding levofloxacin in previously treated patients with isoniazid-resistant rifampicin-susceptible TB. The investigators believe that such a retreatment regimen may result in acquired resistance to fluoroquinolone, the core drug of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) regimen, and thus threaten the effectiveness of the fluoroquinolone-based MDR-TB treatment regimen. Therefore the investigators propose to study if regimens strengthened by using high-dose first-line drugs, either a triple dose of isoniazid or a triple dose of rifampicin, are non-inferior to the WHO recommended levofloxacin-strengthened regimen. If one of both high-dose regimens would be non-inferior, it could replace the levofloxacin-strengthened regimen.
Center for Disease Control (CDC) data reveal that after years of sustained decrease, the incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) disease in the US has plateaued. Most of the cases occur when Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reactivates replication in people who have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Only 5 to 10% of subjects with LTBI develop active TB Infection over their lifetime. Current US guidelines recommend treating everyone with LTBI to stop progression to active TB. As treatment is long, only about 45-55% of patients finish treatment overall, regardless of whether the patients are at high (>10%) or low lifetime risk of reactivation. The investigator's study aims to test the efficacy of a combined approach of first determining subjects at high risk of reactivation and then treating them with a CDC approved once a week treatment regimen, directly observed by a nurse over video (video-based Directly Observed Therapy, vDOT). Ensuring treatment of the high-risk group will eventually decrease the community active TB burden.
This study will be conducted in Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases and Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi both affiliated with Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan after IRB approval. All patients of either gender with clinical suspicion of PTB on history, examination and CXR and not expectorating sputum or less than 1 ml will be included in the study. Patients with extra pulmonary tuberculosis, those with age < 12 years will be excluded. Demographic data of selected patients including age, gender, contact with PTB patient will be collected. Data will be entered in study proforma. Selected patients will undergo bronchoscopy using Olympus 180 series video bronchoscope. Bronchial Wash will be done and 3 aliquots of BW samples will be collected by suctioning. One part of washing will be immediately inoculated in AFB Culture media and second will be submitted for Xpert MTB/RIF testing. Third part will be centrifuged, and sediment will be subjected to AFB microscopy after staining with Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Results of microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF will be collected next day, and treatment will be started if MTB comes positive, while results of AFB Culture will be collected after 6 weeks and treatment will be started if not already started on previous reports. Sensitivity/Resistance pattern will be recorded for both Xpert MTB/RIF and ABF Culture. The sample size of 72 was taken for conduct of study. Sample size calculations were done using PASS software version 15.0. Frequency of positive tests will be calculated. Mean age will be calculated according to gender and compared by Student's t-test. Sensitivity & specificity of tests will be calculated using online calculator by VassarStats. Frequency of positive yield of Xpert MTB/RIF will be compared to that of microscopy by χ2- test. P-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Tuberculosis and HIV continue to be major public health problems in resource constrained settings like Zambia. Zambia is among the top 30 highest burden countries globally. The major drivers of TB in the Africa region is the HIV epidemic. Inadequate TB diagnostic tools with failure to make a timely diagnosis and start appropriate treatment are the major impediments to TB control in Zambia and globally.