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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT04769310
Other study ID # 2020-2151
Secondary ID
Status Recruiting
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date April 26, 2021
Est. completion date April 2024

Study information

Verified date December 2023
Source Tulane University
Contact Quintrele Jones, MPH
Phone 504-988-3063
Email qjones1@tulane.edu
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Demonstrating the pathophysiological link between Left Atrial (LA) and Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) pathology and embolic strokes in non-Atrial Fibrillation (AF) individuals represents a major advance in stroke prevention strategies. Instead of relying on non-specific criteria for stroke risk assessment, the investigators propose to identify individuals with high-risk of embolic stroke using imaging criteria that reflect the underlying pathophysiology of embolic stroke of cardiac origin. the investigators can therefore lay the groundwork for future anticoagulation strategies for stroke prevention beyond AF.


Description:

The investigators propose a cross-sectional cohort study, where individuals with no history of AF and with a Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥ 75 years, Diabetes mellitus, Stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category score (CHA2DS2VASC) ≥3, type II diabetes, congestive heart failure or a history of stroke/TIA will be included. Data on demographics, personal health habits, medications, and medical history will be obtained by interviewing participants and reviewing the electronic medical records. All participants will undergo a Cardiac Magnetic Resonance imaging (CMR) to assess for markers of LA and LAA pathology. Markers of LA and LAA pathology that will be studied include: LA fibrosis level, LA functional parameters, LA shape characteristics, and LAA characteristics (including morphology, orifice area and flow velocity). Additionally, all participants will undergo a brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at the same visit to assess for the presence of embolic-appearing brain infarcts, regardless of previous stroke-related symptoms. The investigators will analyze the association between each cardiac imaging feature and the prevalence of embolic-appearing strokes on brain MRI to determine whether patients with higher LA and LAA remodeled features are more likely to have embolic-appearing brain infarcts on MRI. The LA and LAA pathology imaging features with the strongest statistical association will be used to develop an imaging predictive score capable of identifying patients with the highest risk of embolic stroke. All brain and cardiac imaging data will be assessed by experienced operators at Tulane Medical Center facilities. Operators analyzing CMR will be blinded to brain MRI results, and operators assessing brain MRI will be blinded to CMR results. The study will include a single center study at Tulane Medical Center and Clinics, with investigators from different medical specialties, and the proper facilities and equipment to conduct the project accurately and safely. The investigators expect a recruitment of 120 subjects over a period of 18 months from both cardiology and neurology clinics to complete the study.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Recruiting
Enrollment 120
Est. completion date April 2024
Est. primary completion date April 2024
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years to 120 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - Male or female patients - 18 Years and older - No history of atrial fibrillation - CHA2DS2VASC score =3 - History pf type II diabetes - History of congestive heart failure or a history of transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke without an otherwise defined stroke etiology such as large vessel or small vessel disease Exclusion Criteria: - History of atrial fibrillation - Patients who had a clinically symptomatic acute stroke within the last 30-days - Any health-related gadolinium/MRI contraindication (including previous allergic reaction to Gadolinium, pacemakers, defibrillators, other devices/implants contraindicated for MRI) - Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) cutoff in patients with Chronic kidney disease (CKD) where gadolinium cannot be used equals an eGFR <30 ml/min - Weighing > 300 lbs (as CMR image quality decreases due to increased body mass index) - Current pregnancy or breastfeeding - Cognitive impairment preventing the patient from giving an informed consent

Study Design


Intervention

Device:
Cardiac and Brain MRI
A CMR to evaluate for LA and LAA high-risk features on either a 1.5 or 3 Tesla clinical MR scanner will be used. Gadolinium injection will be administered. Gadolinium is a contrast product that helps define areas of fibrosis in the LA. High-resolution brain MRI with no contrast will include the following sequences for most accurate assessment of embolic lesions: 3D T1 MPRAGE, 3D FLAIR, DWI, ADC, and SWI

Locations

Country Name City State
United States Tulane University Medical Center New Orleans Louisiana

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Tulane University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (31)

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Bisbal F, Baranchuk A, Braunwald E, Bayes de Luna A, Bayes-Genis A. Atrial Failure as a Clinical Entity: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Jan 21;75(2):222-232. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.013. — View Citation

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Daccarett M, Badger TJ, Akoum N, Burgon NS, Mahnkopf C, Vergara G, Kholmovski E, McGann CJ, Parker D, Brachmann J, Macleod RS, Marrouche NF. Association of left atrial fibrosis detected by delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging and the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Feb 15;57(7):831-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.049. — View Citation

Daoud EG, Glotzer TV, Wyse DG, Ezekowitz MD, Hilker C, Koehler J, Ziegler PD; TRENDS Investigators. Temporal relationship of atrial tachyarrhythmias, cerebrovascular events, and systemic emboli based on stored device data: a subgroup analysis of TRENDS. Heart Rhythm. 2011 Sep;8(9):1416-23. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.04.022. Epub 2011 Apr 23. — View Citation

Debette S, Beiser A, DeCarli C, Au R, Himali JJ, Kelly-Hayes M, Romero JR, Kase CS, Wolf PA, Seshadri S. Association of MRI markers of vascular brain injury with incident stroke, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and mortality: the Framingham Offspring Study. Stroke. 2010 Apr;41(4):600-6. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.570044. Epub 2010 Feb 18. — View Citation

Fang MC, Go AS, Chang Y, Borowsky L, Pomernacki NK, Singer DE; ATRIA Study Group. Comparison of risk stratification schemes to predict thromboembolism in people with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Feb 26;51(8):810-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.065. — View Citation

Fanning JP, Wesley AJ, Wong AA, Fraser JF. Emerging spectra of silent brain infarction. Stroke. 2014 Nov;45(11):3461-71. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.005919. Epub 2014 Oct 7. No abstract available. — View Citation

Fanning JP, Wong AA, Fraser JF. The epidemiology of silent brain infarction: a systematic review of population-based cohorts. BMC Med. 2014 Jul 9;12:119. doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0119-0. — View Citation

Friberg L, Rosenqvist M, Lip GY. Evaluation of risk stratification schemes for ischaemic stroke and bleeding in 182 678 patients with atrial fibrillation: the Swedish Atrial Fibrillation cohort study. Eur Heart J. 2012 Jun;33(12):1500-10. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr488. Epub 2012 Jan 13. — View Citation

Gaita F, Corsinovi L, Anselmino M, Raimondo C, Pianelli M, Toso E, Bergamasco L, Boffano C, Valentini MC, Cesarani F, Scaglione M. Prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation and correlation with cognitive function. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Nov 19;62(21):1990-1997. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.074. Epub 2013 Jul 10. — View Citation

Gorelick PB, Scuteri A, Black SE, Decarli C, Greenberg SM, Iadecola C, Launer LJ, Laurent S, Lopez OL, Nyenhuis D, Petersen RC, Schneider JA, Tzourio C, Arnett DK, Bennett DA, Chui HC, Higashida RT, Lindquist R, Nilsson PM, Roman GC, Sellke FW, Seshadri S; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, and Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a statement for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association. Stroke. 2011 Sep;42(9):2672-713. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3182299496. Epub 2011 Jul 21. — View Citation

Gupta A, Giambrone AE, Gialdini G, Finn C, Delgado D, Gutierrez J, Wright C, Beiser AS, Seshadri S, Pandya A, Kamel H. Silent Brain Infarction and Risk of Future Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2016 Mar;47(3):719-25. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011889. — View Citation

Habibi M, Zareian M, Ambale Venkatesh B, Samiei S, Imai M, Wu C, Launer LJ, Shea S, Gottesman RF, Heckbert SR, Bluemke DA, Lima JAC. Left Atrial Mechanical Function and Incident Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events Independent of AF: Insights From the MESA Study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Dec;12(12):2417-2427. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.02.021. Epub 2019 Apr 17. Erratum In: JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020 Sep;13(9):2069-2070. — View Citation

Inoue YY, Alissa A, Khurram IM, Fukumoto K, Habibi M, Venkatesh BA, Zimmerman SL, Nazarian S, Berger RD, Calkins H, Lima JA, Ashikaga H. Quantitative tissue-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) of left atrial deformation and the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015 Apr 27;4(4):e001844. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.001844. — View Citation

Jeong WK, Choi JH, Son JP, Lee S, Lee MJ, Choe YH, Bang OY. Volume and morphology of left atrial appendage as determinants of stroke subtype in patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2016 Apr;13(4):820-7. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.12.026. Epub 2015 Dec 18. — View Citation

Kamel H, Okin PM, Merkler AE, Navi BB, Campion TR, Devereux RB, Diaz I, Weinsaft JW, Kim J. Relationship between left atrial volume and ischemic stroke subtype. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2019 Aug;6(8):1480-1486. doi: 10.1002/acn3.50841. Epub 2019 Jul 26. — View Citation

Keogh C, Wallace E, Dillon C, Dimitrov BD, Fahey T. Validation of the CHADS2 clinical prediction rule to predict ischaemic stroke. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Haemost. 2011 Sep;106(3):528-38. doi: 10.1160/TH11-02-0061. Epub 2011 Jul 28. — View Citation

King JB, Azadani PN, Suksaranjit P, Bress AP, Witt DM, Han FT, Chelu MG, Silver MA, Biskupiak J, Wilson BD, Morris AK, Kholmovski EG, Marrouche N. Left Atrial Fibrosis and Risk of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Sep 12;70(11):1311-1321. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.758. — View Citation

Margulescu AD, Nunez-Garcia M, Alarcon F, Benito EM, Enomoto N, Cozzari J, Chipa F, Fernandez H, Borras R, Guasch E, Butakoff C, Tolosana JM, Arbelo E, Camara O, Mont L. Reproducibility and accuracy of late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance measurements for the detection of left atrial fibrosis in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation procedures. Europace. 2019 May 1;21(5):724-731. doi: 10.1093/europace/euy314. — View Citation

Marrouche NF, Wilber D, Hindricks G, Jais P, Akoum N, Marchlinski F, Kholmovski E, Burgon N, Hu N, Mont L, Deneke T, Duytschaever M, Neumann T, Mansour M, Mahnkopf C, Herweg B, Daoud E, Wissner E, Bansmann P, Brachmann J. Association of atrial tissue fibrosis identified by delayed enhancement MRI and atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: the DECAAF study. JAMA. 2014 Feb 5;311(5):498-506. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.3. Erratum In: JAMA. 2014 Nov 5;312(17):1805. — View Citation

Saver JL. CLINICAL PRACTICE. Cryptogenic Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2016 May 26;374(21):2065-74. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1503946. No abstract available. — View Citation

Siebermair J, Suksaranjit P, McGann CJ, Peterson KA, Kheirkhahan M, Baher AA, Damal K, Wakili R, Marrouche NF, Wilson BD. Atrial fibrosis in non-atrial fibrillation individuals and prediction of atrial fibrillation by use of late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2019 Apr;30(4):550-556. doi: 10.1111/jce.13846. Epub 2019 Jan 24. — View Citation

Vermeer SE, Prins ND, den Heijer T, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MM. Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 27;348(13):1215-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022066. — View Citation

Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Despres JP, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Isasi CR, Jimenez MC, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Liu S, Mackey RH, Magid DJ, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Rosamond W, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):e38-360. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350. Epub 2015 Dec 16. No abstract available. Erratum In: Circulation. 2016 Apr 12;133(15):e599. — View Citation

Yaghi S, Song C, Gray WA, Furie KL, Elkind MS, Kamel H. Left Atrial Appendage Function and Stroke Risk. Stroke. 2015 Dec;46(12):3554-9. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011273. Epub 2015 Oct 27. No abstract available. — View Citation

Zghaib T, Nazarian S. New Insights Into the Use of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Guide Decision Making in Atrial Fibrillation Management. Can J Cardiol. 2018 Nov;34(11):1461-1470. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.007. Epub 2018 Jul 12. — View Citation

* Note: There are 31 references in allClick here to view all references

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary The presence of covert embolic cerebral infarcts The covert embolic cerebral infarcts are defined as the presence of asymptomatic non-lacunar embolic infarct (acute or chronic based on MRI appearance), in the cortex, and juxtacortical regions, and cerebellum. They will be identified using brain MRI. Day1
Secondary Number of counts of lacunar covert infracts Covert lacunar infarcts are asymptomatic infarct < 15mm in greatest diameter in subcortical brain regions. They will be identified by size and location using brain MRI images. Day1
Secondary Number of counts of lacunar symptomatic infracts Symptomatic lacunar infarcts are symptomatic infarct < 15mm in greatest diameter in subcortical brain regions. They will be identified by size and location using brain MRI images. Day1
Secondary Number of counts of embolic symptomatic infracts Symptomatic non-lacunar embolic infarcts are symptomatic infarcts of any size in the cortex or infarcts >15 mm in greatest diameter in subcortical lesions. They will be identified by size and location using brain MRI images. Day1
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