View clinical trials related to Pre-diabetes.
Filter by:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and its associated comorbidities pose a major health concern worldwide. Although lifestyle strategies, such as exercise and diet-induced weight loss are effective interventions to counteract the development and progression of the disease, its prevalence continues to increase. Therefore, alternative therapeutic strategies are warranted. One such method, which has increasingly been gaining attention, is cold exposure. Previously, investigators have shown that exposing T2DM patients to mild cold (14-16 oC) for 6 hours per day for 10 consecutive days enhanced their insulin sensitivity by ~43%. This remarkable improvement in insulin sensitivity was accompanied by robust GLUT4 translocation in the skeletal muscle of participants, which likely mediated the improvements in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Follow-up research suggested that a certain degree of muscle activation/shivering appears to be a prerequisite for the cold-induced enhancement in skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In humans however, very little information is available about the effects of shivering on glucose metabolism, especially in metabolically compromised individuals. Therefore, in this study, the aim to investigate the acute effects of (different intensities of) shivering on 24-hour glucose profiles in pre-diabetic individuals as well as in T2DM patients. For that purpose, a focus will be placed on clinically relevant glycaemic parameters by means of continuous glucose monitoring, which is increasingly being used in T2DM management and prevention.
The investigators aim to objectively identify the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation of type II diabetic and prediabetic patients in Singapore through modern technologies thereby potentially increasing the accuracy of identification, diagnosis, and prevention of diabetes and prediabetes through a system of targeted treatment. This observational study integrates the concept of TCM diagnostic methods with modern tools aim to provide an objective view on the syndrome differentiation of diabetic and prediabetic patients in Singapore and hence provide a guideline in the treatment options targeted specifically at Singaporeans demographic. A total of 250 subjects with 50 allocated in each group will be recruited to ensure a sufficient sample size for statistical analysis of the diabetic and prediabetic syndrome differentiation. Subjects aged 21-65 years old, of either gender, with no limitations on race, and is diagnosed with either diabetes (FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, or 2hPG ≥ 11.1mmol) or prediabetes (IFG of FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L, and/or IGT with 2hPG of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L) will be included. Subjective and objective assessments through health evaluation, Physical Activity Questionnaire and Sugar Intake, Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire, radial pulse diagnosis and tongue diagnosis will be performed for each subject in a single visit. Statistical analysis of assessments will be conducted using unpaired t-test with significance level of p<0.05. Statistical software SPSS 15.0 (SPSS Inc.) will be used for the analysis.
This is a randomized, placebo-controlled trial that will test the efficacy of VPNP in reducing HbA1c. Participant recruitment will occur through direct-to-participant enrollment. No additional clinical sites will be used for recruitment.
The investigators will conduct a pilot cluster randomized trial of Nutri, a clinical decision support software to support collaborative diet goal setting in primary care. Nutri is designed within the Chronic Care Model framework, specifically with the intention of leveraging clinical information systems to connect clinical care with patients' lives in the community setting. Nutri is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and uses collaborative goal setting between the patient and provider to identify a behavioral intention (i.e., diet goal) and improve goal self-efficacy by improving attitudes/outcome expectations, subjective norms/social support, and perceived behavioral control. In this pilot trial, the intervention group (N=10 primary care providers [PCPs], N=40 patients) receives collaborative diet goal setting via Nutri, and the control group receives usual care(N=10 PCP, N=40 patients). Before and after the appointment, patients will report food they consumed over the last 24 hours via the dietary recall tool, ASA24 and respond to surveys about behavioral intention and self-efficacy. Intervention PCPs will be alerted when the Nutri workflow is available for a patient and asked to complete it during their visit with that patient.
Metformin use for diabetes has the benefit of causing weight loss in some. The investigators in a preclinical trial, demonstrated that mice consuming non-nutritive sweetened (NNS) drinks had worse glucose improvements and weight loss than mice consuming sugar drinks or water. This study will conduct a pilot to determine if this translates into pediatric clinical practice. The hypothesis is that NNS drinks impair metformin-induced satiation, weight loss, and glucose tolerance.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major non-communicable disease and one of the world's fastest growing health problems. According to a 2019 report, about 463 million adults worldwide currently have diabetes and future projections indicate the number of diabetic patients will reach 700 million by 2045.1 T2DM is associated with significant morbidity, including increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke, hypertension, retinopathy and blindness, renal failure, and leg amputation. These place an enormous burden on individuals, society and the healthcare system.2 T2DM is a non-reversible but preventable condition with overweight and obesity being major risk factors. The onset of T2DM is gradual, with most individuals progressing from normoglycaemia through a pre-diabetic state. People with pre-diabetes, defined as having impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c),2 are at increased risk of developing T2DM and its associated complications, such as CVD and retinopathy, which can develop even in the absence of progression to overt T2DM.3-5 Pre-diabetes is a prevalent and potentially reversible condition that provides an important window of opportunity for healthcare providers to implement interventions that can delay or prevent T2DM and its complications. A substantial body of literature has provided evidence for the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes.6 Indeed, there is evidence for the effects of microbiota on glucose metabolism in both preclinical animal models of T2D and in healthy animals, by means of increasing the number of inflammatory mediators, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and increased energy intake. Among the commonly reported findings, Bifidobacterium spp appears to be the most consistently supported by the literature genus containing microbes potentially protective against T2DM. Indeed, nearly all papers report a negative association between this genus and T2DM;7-14 while only one paper reported opposite results.15 In view of the correlation between gut microbiota, more specifically Bifidobacterium spp., and diabetes, the Bifidobacterium population and their metabolic action can be taken as an important target for interventions to prevent and/or delay the development of T2DM.
The Stanford Kids CAMP study aims to evaluate the feasibility of enrolling minority participants in school age children (5-13 years old) in a community summer camp setting along with the efficiency by which each participant's biologic specimens are collected. Using remote monitoring technologies and through partnering with community-based organizations, the investigators hypothesize that an increase in underrepresented minority participation in a clinical trial that is greater than the national average is possible.
Broccoli has shown to normalise elevated blood sugars when eaten over long period of time. Individuals with pre-diabetes have higher than normal blood sugar levels. In this study, investigators are trying to understand how broccoli, when eaten as a soup, affects blood sugar levels in individuals with pre-diabetes.
The research is designed as a randomized, 2-arm, parallel, controlled, human clinical trial to investigate the effects of avocado and mango consumption for 8 weeks on indices of macro- and micro- vascular function in individuals with prediabetes. FMD of the brachial artery, pulse wave velocity (PWV), central blood pressure (cBP), and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) of the eye will be used for vascular assessments. The research plan will also explore cognitive and kidney function benefits of regular avocado and mango intake using specified cognitive tasks and kidney function biomarkers
Brassicaceae plant family have a high content of bioactive compounds such as e.g. glucosinolates (GSLs) and isothiocyanates (ICTs) associated, recently, with diabetes prevention. This research proposal has the intention of evaluating if the ingestion of freeze-dried nasturtium has a positive effect on the insulin response, lipid profile, oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression of RESISTIN, GLUT 4, acetyl-CoA carboxylase-a (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN), NRF-2, NQO1, SFRXN1, glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx-2), FOXO1, FOXO3 and FOXO6 in subjects with glucose intolerance.