View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:We are evaluating whether intermittent use of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in addition to standard nutritional counseling and physical activity counseling is associated with improved metabolic health for youth with pre-diabetes (PD).
Postoperative insulin resistance refers to the phenomenon that the body's glucose uptake stimulated by insulin is reduced due to stress effects such as trauma or the inhibitory effect of insulin on liver glucose output is weakened after surgery. There is a clear link between postoperative insulin resistance and poor perioperative prognosis. Therefore, exploring interventions to reduce postoperative stress insulin resistance, stabilize postoperative blood glucose, and reduce postoperative complications are clinical problems that need to be solved urgently. In recent years, research on branched-chain amino acids and metabolic diseases has become a hot spot. Studies have found that in the rat model, preoperatively given a high branched-chain amino acid diet can inhibit postoperative insulin resistance and stabilize blood glucose levels. This research plan is to try to add branched-chain amino acids before surgery to observe the occurrence of postoperative insulin resistance in patients.
Background: Lipodystrophy (LD) syndromes are a group of rare disorders that affect how a person s body can store and use fat tissue. Many people with LDs become severely insulin resistant. Some people are insulin resistant because of a variant in the insulin receptor gene. Insulin resistance causes many health problems. Objective: To learn if blocking the effects of growth hormone in the body will help people with severe insulin resistance. Eligibility: Adults aged 18 to 65 years with either a known variant in the insulin receptor gene or with a diagnosis of partial LD. Design: Participants will have 2 hospital stays, about 1 month apart. Each stay will be 3 or 4 nights. During each hospital stay, participants will have many tests. They will have a physical exam with blood tests. They will have all of their urine collected for a 24-hour period. They will have scans to measure their muscle, bone, and fat tissues. They will have tests to measure metabolism and insulin sensitivity. They may have an optional biopsy of fat tissue. During the first hospital visit, participants will learn how to give themselves shots of a drug (pegvisomant) that blocks growth hormone. The drug is injected under the skin. Participants will continue to give themselves these shots once a day at home. After the first hospital visit, participants will talk on the phone with members of the study team once each week. After 2 weeks they will have blood drawn for tests. Participants will stop the shots after the second hospital visit.
The objective of the study is to quantify the relationship between physical activity, metabolic function, and appetite in adolescents. To do this we will test our working hypothesis that high levels of regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), as opposed to body weight status, results in a metabolic phenotype consisting of enhanced metabolic function and proper regulation of appetite. We will randomly assigning sedentary overweight/obese adolescents (N=44) to either a control or structured-exercise group for three months.
Animal and observational research in humans suggest that specific types of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) may impair glycemic control. However, whether NNS consumption impacts glucose homeostasis in middle-aged/older adults with prediabetes is unknown, and potential mechanisms by which this could occur have yet to be identified. The overall objective of this R21 proposal is to establish proof-of-concept for alterations in glucose homeostasis following intake of saccharin, but not acesulfame potassium, in middle-aged/older adults with prediabetes compared to a eucaloric diet with no NNS.
The main objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of daily honey consumption on insulin resistance as a preventive measure against diabetes. in women with insulin resistance.
The objective of the study is to determine the effect of dairy consumption on insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese adults with prediabetes. Men and women (30-65 y) will be recruited from the greater Montreal area. Upon screening, those with prediabetes will complete a 2-wk run-in period in which participants will consume 1 serving/d of reduced-fat dairy. Adherent participants will be randomized by sex into 1 of 3 groups: ≤1 serving/d of dairy (limited dairy) or 2-3 servings/d of reduced-fat or regular-fat dairy for 12 weeks. Participants will be instructed on how to incorporate foods into their diet in a manner that prevents changes in their body weight. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp will be used before and after the intervention to document potential changes in insulin sensitivity as the primary outcome. In addition, glycemic variables, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors will be assessed as secondary outcomes. Serum lipidomic and global gene expression responses to the intervention in subcutaneous adipose tissue will be measured as exploratory variables. Adherence to intervention will be assessed at each visit by food diaries, a record of consumed dairy products, and serum proportion of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n7 fatty acids as objective biomarkers of dairy fat intake.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the evolution of the sensitivity to insulin, a hormone that acts on sugar in the body, as well as other metabolic, motor and nutritional elements of children with cancer, according to the practice of intense physical activities or stretching. In view of the scientific work on this subject, it is expect to observe that the practice of intense physical activities will improve the results of the children in the metabolic, motor and nutritional evaluations, compared to the stretching program.
Advancing age is associated with gut dysbiosis, low-grade chronic inflammation, progressive insulin resistance, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Prediabetes is present in 45-50% of middle-aged/older adults, and declines in glucose tolerance are evident in the third or fourth decade of life. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify new approaches for the prevention of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged adults. Observational research has linked intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF), which comprise ~60% of total energy intake in US adults, with increased risk of T2D. Ex vivo and animal research suggests that components of UPF alter gut microbiota composition and initiate a cascade of events leading to intestinal inflammation and impaired glycemic control. Whether mid-life adults (aged 45-65 yrs) are susceptible to the adverse impact of UPF consumption on glucose homeostasis is unknown. The overall objective of this study is to establish proof-of-concept for an impairment in glucose homeostasis following increases in UPF consumption in mid-life adults, in order to conduct a larger, more comprehensive and mechanistic trial in the future. In addition, changes in gut microbial composition and function, intestinal inflammation and permeability, serum endotoxin concentrations, and inflammatory cytokines as potential mechanisms by which UPF consumption influences glucose homeostasis will be investigated.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a fibre mixture added to a high-protein diet on metabolic, gut and brain health.