View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:To determine whether pharmacologic inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with eritoran for injection (E5564) will reduce inflammation and improve glucose metabolism in insulin resistant (obese and T2DM) subjects.
Previous research has shown that indulging in 50% more calories than required for as little as 3 days can significantly impact markers of metabolic health in lean and overweight individuals. Here, the investigators will determine if 3 brief sessions of high-intensity interval training can mitigate the adverse consequences of 7 days high-fat overfeeding in sedentary, overweight males.
Elective colectomy procedures typically require bowel preparation starting 2 days prior to the surgery. Osmotic laxatives such as Colyte® are administered 2 days prior, and Nothing by mouth (NPO) is required 1 day prior to ensure no fecal residue is left in the bowel. Though it may ensure a cleaner and safer surgery, this longer period of starvation increases insulin resistance and may increase post-op complications. However, there is evidence that administration of oral rehydration solution(ORS) prior to surgery reduces insulin resistance. Our purpose is to evaluate the difference of insulin resistance in those who received ORS 1 day prior to surgery and those who did not.
Renal denervation has recently shown to improve glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in addition to reducing blood pressure. The mechanisms are however unclear. The investigators hypothesize that renal denervation alters adipose tissue function by reduced sympathetic outflow, measured by fat biopsies and markers of inflammation and insulin sensitivity. 15 clinical patients undergoing renal denervation are recruited to the study investigating anthropometry, peripheral blood samples, body composition, heart rate variability and subcutaneous fat biopsies at baseline and 6 months after renal denervation.
Exercise training is recognized as effective in preventing and treating many chronic metabolic disorders (1), and long-term exercise programmes have similar effects on glucose control as long-term drug or insulin therapy in type 2 diabetic patients (2). The precise intensity and volume of aerobic exercise needed to produce the most wanted effects on targeted risk factors for subjects at risk of/with established type 2 diabetes, is still uncertain. In this study the investigators will investigate the acute effects of a single bout of moderate versus high intensity exercise on insulin sensitivity in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The investigators think that very short bouts of high intensity exercise can be a way to reduce blood glucose in these women.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on Insulin Resistance (IR) in subjects who do not routinely exercise and who are at risk of developing diabetes (prediabetes). It is estimated that approximately 30-90 people will participate in this study at three study sites in the United States and United Kingdom.
The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related complications is currently taking epidemic proportions. These complications increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is important to gain insight in the mechanisms underlying obesity-related complications, because this may lead to the development of directed therapeutic strategies. Currently, there is significant evidence that the cause of both insulin resistance and hypertension must be sought at the level of the microcirculation. Over activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is a potential cause of microvascular dysfunction. Angiotensin II was indeed found to be implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated hypertension and insulin resistance, possibly through interference with the vascular effects of insulin. Increased aldosterone levels have also been associated with resistant hypertension and insulin resistance, which is illustrated in patients with primary aldosteronism. Furthermore, aldosterone is known to exert several detrimental effects on the vasculature, some of which are offset by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. In obese individuals, plasma aldosterone concentrations are increased as well. We hypothesize that increased aldosterone levels in adipose persons induce microvascular dysfunction, which contributes to the development of insulin resistance and hypertension, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism results in improved insulin sensitivity and decreased blood pressure by counteracting the adverse effects of aldosterone on the microvasculature.
The overall objective of this ancillary study is to obtain skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies from women with polycystic ovary syndrome enrolled in the PULSE Study (NCT01482286).
Our hypothesis is that TA-65, a dietary supplement will help to reduce insulin resistance and plasma glucose in individuals classified with metabolic syndrome.
The primary objective is to test the hypothesis that adjunctive pioglitazone is more effective than placebo for the relief of acute depressive symptoms resulting from bipolar disorder. The secondary objectives are to determine potential moderators and mediators of antidepressant efficacy.