View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The study is aimed - To quantify the change of adipose tissues, triglyceride in liver and pancreas and cholesterol after lifestyle intervention or bariatric surgery. - To test the hypothesis that Brown fat is an independent biomarker for the development of Non Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease (NAFLD) - To study the association among Brown fat, NAFLD and obesity.
In the UK, 25% of the adults are affected by metabolic syndrome (NHS, 2016). Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of different conditions including: hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Such individuals also have increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The factors contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome are potentially numerous and understudied in humans, with much of what we think we know coming from animal research. Recent animal studies have pointed towards gut health playing a role in metabolic health. More specifically it has been suggested that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota may drive insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes through a mechanism that is linked to increased gut permeability and the development of metabolic endotoxemia and inflammation. Yet, this link has not been confirmed in humans. This research will look at the relationship between diet, physical activity, sleeping patterns, obesity status and age etc. and measures of gut bacterial composition, gut barrier function and metabolic health. Findings will provide us with new insights on the effect of different physiological and behavioural/ lifestyle variables on gut health and metabolic function.
To determine if Inositol, a dietary supplement, will improve ovarian and adrenal androgen excess in women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome(PCOS).
This study will investigate the effect of high-carbohydrate vs. high-fat overfeeding (130% of energy requirements) on whole body insulin sensitivity. Following habitual diet, participants will be randomly allocated to either a high-carbohydrate or a high-fat diet intervention for 14-days. On days 0, 7 and 14 participants will undergo anthropometric and metabolic testing (primarily an oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]).
The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of capsaicin rich foods on resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation. We plan to recruit 30 healthy lean and overweight individuals age 18-45 (women) and age 18-50 (men) who will undergo two test days in random order. During one day they will receive a breakfast of toast, orange juice and an omelette with 4tsp of cayenne pepper while on the other day they will receive the same breakfast without the cayenne pepper. Metabolic rate and Respiratory quotients is measured for 30 minutes before the meal and for 2 hours after the meal. Capillary glucose levels and heart rate and blood pressure are measured before the meal and every 30 minutes thereafter for 2 hours.
Muscle insulin resistance is a hallmark of upper body obesity (UBO) and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It is unknown whether muscle free fatty acid (FFA) availability or intramyocellular fatty acid trafficking is responsible for muscle insulin resistance, although it has been shown that raising FFA with Intralipid can cause muscle insulin resistance within 4 hours. The investigators do not understand to what extent the incorporation of FFA into ceramides or diacylglycerols (DG) affect insulin signaling and muscle glucose uptake. The investigators propose to alter the profile and concentrations of FFA of healthy, non-obese adults using an overnight, intra-duodenal palm oil infusion vs. an overnight intra-duodenal Intralipid infusion (both compared to saline control). The investigators will compare the muscle FFA storage into intramyocellular triglyceride, intramyocellular fatty acid trafficking, activation of the insulin signaling pathway and glucose disposal rates, providing the first measure of how different FFA profiles alter muscle FFA trafficking and insulin action at the whole body and cellular/molecular levels. By identifying which steps in the insulin signaling pathway are most affected, the investigators will determine the site-specific effect of ceramides and/or DG on different degrees of insulin resistance. Hypothesis 1: Palm oil infusion will result in abnormal FFA trafficking into intra-myocellular ceramides and abnormal insulin signaling. Hypothesis 2: Intralipid infusion will result in abnormal FFA trafficking into intra-myocellular saturated DG and abnormal insulin signaling.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in European women. Patients treated for early non-metastatic breast cancer comprise a growing group of survivors due to early diagnosis and improved treatment. Many of these survivors experience adverse effects such as decreased bone mineral density, derangement of metabolic markers (fat, glucose, insulin) and increased blood pressure. Increasing risk of bone fracture and cardiometabolic disease (eg. diabetes mellitus type 2). The purpose of this study is to identify mechanisms behind cardiometabolic changes that may be connected to the (neo-)adjuvant treatment. On top of this we hope to indentify potential biological markers that can help prevent development of metabolic disease. We will be recruiting 120 post-menopausal women age 50-70 with early breast cancer and 1-2 times a year for 5 years examine bone mineral density, body composition, glucose and fat metabolism and nerve damage. A questionnaire will be used to collect information on diet, physical activity and quality of life. Derudover anvendes spørgeskemaer til at indsamle information vedrørende. This new knowledge will help clinicians start adequate preventive measures to help patients avoid cardiometabolic disease secondary to cancer treatment.
This study examine oral bisphenol A consumption on muscle insulin sensitivity and hepatic glucose suppression. Half of the participants will receive a diet plus BPA and the other half will receive a diet plus no bisphenol A.
Gut Dysbiosis had been involved in some way in the pathogenesis of some extra-intestinal disorders including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and obesity.
The Offspring Born to Mothers with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Guangzhou Cohort study (PCOS-BIG) was established to investigate the short- and long-term effects of intrauterine exposure to maternal PCOS on the health of offspring in Guangzhou, China. Data are collected regarding maternal PCOS subtypes, nursing, diet and education as well as health outcomes in their later life. Biological samples including blood and tissue samples are also collected from participants.