View clinical trials related to Inflammation.
Filter by:Rationale: COPD is increasing in prevalence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) as widespread use of ART has increased longevity in this population. In rural Ugandan ART clinics, we report COPD prevalence of 6.22%. Currently, it's not fully known what drives chronic lung inflammation in PLWHA population despite being virologically suppressed on ART. There is need to explore factors driving chronic airway inflammation among PLWHA. Airway microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. Preliminary analysis from our study revealed that, specific microbes were significantly enriched in PLWHA with COPD with more lung bacteria impacted by HIV than COPD. These findings suggest that HIV-associated changes in unique airway microbial genera may be driving COPD among PLWHA in our cohort. Currently, we don't know how such genera drive chronic airway inflammation. Study objectives: In this study, we will: (1) establish a relationship between airway microbiome and Th17/Treg cellular phenotypes among HIV-infected individuals with COPD; (2) investigate bacterial-mediated Th17 upregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes among HIV individuals with COPD and (3) explore the role of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in mediating microbiome driven Th17 immune responses among HIV individuals. Methods: We will conduct a 2-year case-controlled study, leveraging on the established lung microbiome cohort in rural Nakaseke district of Uganda. We will recruit 80 HIV-infected individuals ≥35 years attending the ART clinic at Nakaseke General Hospital screened for COPD as well as 80 HIV-negative controls ≥35 years attending the pulmonary clinic at Nakaseke General Hospital screened for COPD. In both cases and controls, we will consider 40 stable COPD participants and 40 participants with no COPD. Recruited participants will undergo sputum induction protocol at our newly established negative pressure sputum induction facility at Nakaseke General Hospital following established standard operating procedures. Using induced sputum samples, we will (i) perform 16S sequencing and metagenomics analysis to determine airway bacterial communities, (ii) RNA sequencing and analysis to determine gene expression profiles, mass flow cytometry and analysis to profile immune cells in induced sputum of study participants as well as (iv) ELISA tests to compare OMV levels between participants.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), is characterized by accelerated development of atherosclerosis and advanced remodelling of vessels and the heart. It is associated with many factors, including inflammation, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and oxidative stress. Hypertension is one of the most critical risk factors for cardiovascular complications. It leads to the formation of structural changes in the vascular system: it impairs the activity of the endothelium, causes hypertrophy and remodelling of the vascular wall, reduces the susceptibility of the vessels and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to identify the processes and their representative markers, the concentration of which in the serum may reflect the cardiovascular system status and can predict the increased mortality in HD patients.
People living with HIV (PLWH) are affected by comorbidities appearing to be strongly related to chronic inflammation, a condition characterizing PLWH. The investigators propose to study the effects of CBD on inflammation in PLWH, and establish the molecular role of different immune cells in this process. The investigators plan to use single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) to isolate CBD-specific cellular phenotypes from five persons with HIV who will provide blood samples before and after taking CBD.
This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-arm trial of N=94 apparently healthy men and women to be recruited at a single investigational center in Northeast Ohio. Subjects will attend three study visits. During Visit 1, subjects will be screened for participation (i.e., medical history, physical exam, routine blood work, background baseline diet). Over the next 12 weeks, subjects will attend Visits 2 (baseline) and 3 (week 12), wherein assessments of body weight, waist circumference, urinary ketones, serum glucose, insulin, liver enzymes as well as other biomarkers of metabolic health, quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire), and various visual analog scales (VAS) for appetite, satiety, and cravings will be made.
This is a Phase 2a safety and efficacy study of XT-150 in adult participants experiencing back pain due to inflammation of the facet joint, also known as facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA), and who are eligible for intra articular glucocorticoid injection, or radiofrequency ablation of medial branches of the primary dorsal ramus of the exiting nerve root, which innervates the adjacent facet joints. Study drug will be administered at Day 0 and Day 90 by bilateral intra-articular (IA) injection into the facet capsule, at the affected spinal level (e.g. Lumbar [L]3-4, L4-5, or L5-Sacrum [S]1) as determined by imaging (e.g., Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], Computed tomography [CT]), X-ray, etc.) and physical exam. Up to 72 participants will be randomized to placebo or one of two dose treatment groups (24 participants per treatment group). 1. 0.15 mg XT-150 (1.0 milliliter [mL] total delivered by two 0.5 mL injections) 2. 0.45 mg XT-150 (1.0 mL total delivered by two 0.5 mL injections) 3. Placebo (Sterile saline) (1.0 mL total delivered by two 0.5 mL injections)
The purpose of this study is to determine if 2-weeks supplementation with blueberries (1 cup/day) compared to placebo can mitigate muscle soreness and damage, and improve inflammation resolution and metabolic recovery during a 5-day period after engaging in an acute, 90-minute bout of eccentric exercise. The primary outcome will be plasma oxylipin levels, extending previously collected data showing that blueberry ingestion decreases post-exercise oxylipins generated from cytochrome P450 enzymes.
In patients with symptoms of infection, tissue injury and inflammatory disorders the study will evaluate agreement between the CRP measurements from the LumiraDx POC CRP assay and the Siemens Dimension Xpand Plus CRP assay, as an aid in evaluation and detection of infection, tissue injury and inflammatory disorders.
Infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can experience systemic inflammation that prolongs post-operative recovery. Ultrafiltration is an intra-opreative technique that is hypothesized to extract circulating inflammatory mediators during the CPB time. There have been only a few small studies looking at a limited number of inflammatory marker profiles in this context. Our institution uses an innovative form of ultrafiltration "subzero-balance simple-modified ultrafiltration" (SBUF-SMUF) throughout the entire CPB time. SBUF-SMUF has been our standard of care for the last 5 years. This observational seeks to describe the clinical and immunologic outcomes of infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery with CBP and SBUF-SMUF.
Rationale: Most non-communicable diseases are partially affected by low-grade chronic inflammation. Research has shown that sulforaphane, an ingredient found in abundance in broccoli, shows promise as a potent anti-inflammatory substance. However, its potential in the settings of the caloric-induced inflammatory response has not been tested. Objective: In the present study, the investigators aim to assess the efficacy of sulforaphane on biomarkers of inflammation and other markers of phenotypic flexibility in healthy participants subjected to the standardized 'PhenFlex' challenge. Study design: Double-blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled, intervention study. Study population: Healthy human volunteers (18-50 years old) Intervention: Participants will receive 16 grams (intervention) of broccoli sprouts (BroccoCress®) and 16 grams of Affilla Cress® (placebo) on different occasions in randomized order. Main study parameters/endpoints: The main endpoint of the present study is to demonstrate that sulforaphane can influence endothelial activation measured as changes in plasma concentrations of sVCAM and sICAM in a caloric challenge test in healthy participants. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: Use of BroccoCress® in human subjects has not been related to adverse effects, except of the individuals who show individual intolerance to cruciferous vegetables. Those individuals will not be permitted into the study. The 'PhenFlex', a high-fat, high-glucose, high-calorie drink, is used for the caloric load. The PhenFlex has been used in three studies before, with no side effects reported after consumption. Sampling of venous blood can potentially cause complications (haematoma formation, fainting, etc). The procedures involved in this study will include an interview, assessment of vital signs, completion of the study related questionnaires and collection of blood and urine samples. Volunteers will receive an unsubstantial financial reward for the participation in this study. The results will provide information on whether the intake of cruciferous vegetables rich in sulforaphane can increase resilience to excessive inflammatory stimuli associated with caloric overload and potentially provide evidence on the role of dietary ingredients in combating chronic low-grade inflammation.
Early research suggests that inflammation plays a key role in the development of SARS CoV-2 infection. The immune response to respiratory infection is characterized by an influx of neutrophils to the lungs. This study ought to investigate the association of simple biomarkers such as NLR and PLR with the clinical outcome in SARS CoV-2 infection patients.