View clinical trials related to Exercise.
Filter by:The American Heart Association suggests that heart disease prevention should target pregnancy and the first year of life; however, there is a fundamental gap in knowledge regarding the effects of prenatal exercise on the prevention of heart disease.[1, 2] Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is believed to be a critical contributor to the metabolic syndrome which increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Conversely, exercise improves insulin sensitivity and many other facets of skeletal muscle function and metabolism; however, it is unclear if this positive effect can be "imprinted" in the skeletal muscle of the fetus with maternal exercise and accordingly diminish CVD risk in offspring. Our previous studies found that exercise during pregnancy leads to improved heart measures and reduced adiposity.[3-6] These studies demonstrated the potential for maternal exercise to reduce risk for CVD, but the cellular mechanisms involved, however, are not clearly evident. The proposed project will fill this critical gap and assess the influence of maternal exercise intervention to "imprint" progenitor stem cells in the fetus (umbilical cord tissue) to develop into insulin sensitive skeletal muscle and also improve indices of infant morphometry and movement. Using a randomized design, 160 women will perform either exercise intervention (aerobic training, resistance training, or both) or usual care (controls). Infant cord tissue and blood will be sampled at birth while blood will be sampled at 1 month of age. Similarly, infant neuromotor and morphometric examinations will be performed at 1 month. and at 1-month of age via blood sample, neuromotor, and morphometric examinations. The rationale for the project is to elucidate the effects of maternal exercise on offspring health outcomes and determine specific metabolic targets predictive of offspring long-term disease risk. The investigators will test the central hypothesis that exercise during pregnancy alters skeletal muscle in a manner which decreases the risk of heart disease in offspring. To test this central hypothesis, the investigators will pursue two specific aims: Aim 1- Determine the ability of regular maternal exercise to imprint key myocellular metabolic (insulin sensitivity) properties of offspring mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), neuromotor function, and morphometry. Aim 2- Determine the distinct abilities of regular maternal exercise to imprint the metabolome of offspring MSC.
In a collaborative project between University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust and the University of Southampton, the investigators have developed a wearable, mobile, non invasive, low-cost, continuous respiratory rate monitor device called a capaciflector. This study will be the first ever study undertaken to attempt to measure the respiratory rate and heart rate on patients using a capaciflector. Investigators will evaluate whether the correlation between the capaciflector's measurements of respiratory rate and heart rate when compared with the gold standard pneumotachometer and electrocardiogram respectively is high enough to promote its potential future use within a device for clinical practice.
The aim of this study was to assess the treatment effect of plates and conventional exercises on health related quality of life, pain, functional level, psychological state in young adults. Randomised controlled study. Participants were randomly divided into 3 groups: a plates exercise group (n = 29), a therapeutic exercise group (n = 21), and a control group (n = 35). The therapeutic and plates groups underwent related training programs for 3 month, while the controls had no specific training. After demographic knowledge were collected the investigators carried out the following assessments on all participants: the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Waist/ Hip ratio (WHr), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Notthingham Health Profile (NHP). All subjects were evaluated at baseline and post-training.
Background: Physical exercise should be an essential component of the therapeutic plan for every person diagnosed with cancer. However, most of these patients are inactive and only a few of them receive prescription and follow-up for safe and effective exercise plans. Objective: in a first experimental phase, we will evaluate actual implementation (reach and adherence) and clinical effectiveness (physical fitness, quality of life and symptoms) of the BIZI ORAIN (BO) exercise program, for all patients diagnosed with cancer, compared to standardized physical activity counseling. In a second, observational phase, we will evaluate the association between levels of physical activity actually performed by all the participants and their 12 months evolution, in terms of physical fitness, quality of life, symptomatology and survival. Design: Hybrid study, with a first experimental phase in which patients diagnosed with cancer will be randomly assigned to two parallel groups, one that immediately performs the BO program for 12 weeks and the other one that performs the same programme three months later (delayed treatment). In the second phase, observational, the entire cohort of participants will be followed-up for one year. Population: Any person diagnosed with cancer in the previous two years (minimum sample size = 1013) free of bone metastases, hematological or other exercise contraindications. BIZI ORAIN program: based on the "Life Now" program of the Australian Cancer Council, BO is a 12-week small-group exercise program supervised by specially trained instructors combining moderate to high intensity aerobic and strength exercises (three 1 hour sessions a week). Outcome measurements: the main outcome variable will be the change in functional capacity at three months (400 meters walk test). Secondary variables include mortality, quality of life (general SF-36 and cancer specific quality of life -European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C-30-), symptoms (Cancer-related fatigue - Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue), exposure to physical activity level objectively registered with Actigraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer, chronic inflammation (C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and pro-inflammatory cytokines Il-1, Il-6 , and TNF-), body composition and bone health (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), measured at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months. Analyses: changes observed in the outcome variables at three months will be compared between patients assigned to BO and to the reference group (delayed treatment) using analysis of the covariance, adjusted for baseline levels. To analyze the association between over time change in physical activity and the outcome variables mixed effects longitudinal models will be used for repeated measures throughout the 12 months of follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models will be used for the survival analysis. Qualitative analyses will combine a deductive approach with an inductive one based on Grounded Theory. In the deductive approach, the researchers will identify several thematic categories related to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Conclusions: BO is the first experience in Spain of a population-based exercise program that will guarantee, through a scientific evaluation, both clinical and implementation results. This will drastically advance the treatment of people suffering from cancer helping them to reverse the effects of their disease, the adverse effects of the therapies and to improve anti-cancer treatment efficacy, their quality of life and survival
Relevance and Aim: There has been increasing research interest in sport preferences and motivational factors as well as barriers that restrain from engaging in sport activities in people suffering from mental illnesses. Anxiety disorders are one of the leading mental disorders worldwide. Exercise has previously shown anxiolytic effects and is discussed as an adjunctive treatment option in clinical practice. This study aims to depict motivation and barriers in patients with anxiety or posttraumatic stress disorders. Design and Participants: Observational study of patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder (ICD-10) Measurements: Structured questionnaire compounded of validated scales for current physical activity, sport motivation, exercise preferences, perceived barriers , self-efficacy, social support for physical activity, motivation,enjoyment, quality of life as well as sociodemographic data. Duration: The questionnaire will require approximately 20 minutes, the overall duration is 3 months. Personal assistance for completing the questionnaire will be provided if necessary.
The investigators aim to explore the effects of action observation therapy on pain and brain hemodynamics in patients with knee osteoarthritis. This study will create a new perspective to understand the physiology of pain, by applying painful stimulation during the neuroimaging system which has attracted much interest in the literature in recent years, and will shed light on the studies that can be done in this regard. Participants' pain level will be assessed using Visual Analog Scale and pressure algometer. Also joint range of motion in the initial assessments will be measured by electro-goniometer, muscle strength assessment by JTech hand dynamometer at appropriate evaluation positions. Fear of movement of individuals will be assessed via Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale and functional levels will be assessed via Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Timed Up and Go Test. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will be used for evaluation of brain hemodynamics. The first group, will receive exercises with action observation therapy; and the second group will receive only exercises. The exercise programme will be administered under physiotherapist supervision for three days a week for six weeks. The evaluations will be repeated at the beginning of the study and at the end of the sixth week. Data obtained from the study will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Large interindividual variability exists in the glycemic response to exercise program, resulting in a subset of individuals known as exercise non-responders (NRs). Increasing the intensity of an exercise intervention has been proposed as one method for rescuing NRs by producing beneficial changes. However, this theory has not been tested on NRs classified using glycemic outcomes. This study will evaluate if increasing the intensity of an exercise intervention will elicit a response within previous exercise NRs.
background: Obesity, diabetes mellitus type II and fatty liver disease combining with low levels of physical activity are prominent health risks for mortality and morbidity. More than 1/3 of the current population is suffering from obesity with a significant proportion to medical complications which can negatively influence their quality of life. These complications comprise alterations of the metabolism of glucose and fat, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare between high intensity interval exercise and moderate intensity continuous on diabetic obese patients with NAFLD. Methods: forty-seven diabetic obese individuals with NAFLD were enrolled in this study. The individuals were randomly divided into 16 in HII group, 15 in MIC group, and 16 in the controls. HII group received HII exercise, MIC group received 8-week MIC exercise while the control group did not receive any exercise intervention. IHTG and visceral lipids were assessed pre- and post-intervention.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of regular sucrose feeds compared to a single large bolus given late in exercise, on muscle glycogen utilisation, exercise capacity and other markers of metabolism during running
The aim of this study is to characterise exogenous carbohydrate oxidation rates during exercise, when ingesting glucose (polymers) only, compared to glucose-fructose mixtures, and glucose-fructose mixtures ingested in hydrogel form.