View clinical trials related to Disease Susceptibility.
Filter by:Magnetic susceptibility imaging is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that uses the magnetic properties of tissues and the BOLD (blood oxygen level-dependent) effect. It allows a better visualization of venous structures and hemorrhagic lesions. These sequences are now used in clinical routine. The extreme sensitivity of these sequences to the oxy/deoxyhemoglobin ratio makes it possible to describe a new MRI semiology, particularly in the context of cerebral ischemia. The interest of the analysis of the venous network signal, which can reflect cerebral perfusion, has been reported. However, the influence of the hematocrit level on the signal of the venous network in magnetic susceptibility imaging has not been evaluated at present. It seems important to better define the influence of hematocrit level on the signal of the veins with this sequence to avoid potential diagnostic errors.
In recent years, returning genetic results to research participants has become a topic of debate, with a growing consensus that researchers should offer to return incidental findings and research results to participants. Currently, the research and debates surrounding return of results (ROR) have primarily taken place in high-income countries. Less attention has been paid to ROR in lower-resource countries. However, research participants in these settings may have additional threats, barriers, and/or competing interests that reduce the benefit or relevance of receiving genetic results. Arsenic is a toxic metal. Exposure to arsenic increases a person's risk for cancer, especially in the lung, kidney, bladder and skin. Many people in Bangladesh are exposed to elevated environmental levels of arsenic through naturally contaminated drinking water. People who metabolize arsenic (remove it from their body) slower compared to people who metabolize arsenic more efficiently are at higher risk for arsenic toxicities (e.g. cancer). The investigators have designed a study in which they plan to enroll individuals who have had consistently high urine As levels (≥200 µg/g creatinine) based on 15-20 years of follow-up data. The treatment and control groups will be selected based on genotype (i.e. inefficient and efficient As metabolizers, respectively), allowing for the selection of the groups to be quasi-random (based on inherited genotypes). A standard informational intervention will be provided to both the treatment and controls groups, reminding them of the effects of As exposure and strategies to reduce their exposure. The research question is whether the treatment group will, have a larger decrease in urine arsenic levels compared to the control group, indicating that the ROR intervention caused a change in water-seeking behavior leading to lower arsenic exposure.
The purpose of this research is to find new predisposition genes for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).
A cluster randomized controlled study of 40 primary care clinics in Northern Israel (20 intervention clinics, 20 usual care clinics) to evaluate the value of introducing a precision medicine/genomic approach/paradigm on the clinical and economical outcomes of the clinics. Intervention includes 3 elements: 1. DNA extraction and evaluation (up to the level of WGS); 2. Feces sample for microbiome study, 3. Wearable devices for continuous monitoring of body functions. Expected number of participants is 100,000 in each arm. Results will be calculated for a clinic as a unit and not for individuals (each clinic to be compared to "twin" selected clinic).
Although epidemiological studies have associated the consumption of sugary beverages with adverse health effects, experimental studies have demonstrated that the metabolic response of the human body to fruit juice as compared to artificial beverages is substantially different. Fruit juices do not just provide sugars and related calories, but they are rich sources of bioactive compounds especially of flavonoids. Flavanones constitute a class of flavonoids that are specifically and abundantly found in citrus fruits, with hesperidin being the major compound in orange. From prospective cohort studies, higher intakes of flavanones are associated with a lower incidence of mortality by cardiovascular disease (CVD). This relation is supported by results from a number of animal studies demonstrating a slowdown in atherosclerosis development and vascular protective effects in dietary interventions with flavanones. Randomized, controlled clinical trials to corroborate the suggested vasculo-protective effects of orange juice presumably mediated by the flavanones are scarce and available data do not allow to draw firm conclusions about their efficacy. To fill this gap, the "HESPER-HEALTH study" conducted in humans will assess the vascular protective effects of 100% orange juice consumption and evaluate the contribution of hesperidin in these effects.
The aim of the project is to show that gene expression levels change in at least one of the GATA6 and T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) genes in indirect inguinal hernia sacs, thus revealing that this pathway causes an error in the sac closure pathway. Indirect inguinal hernia is an important condition for human health as it is common in the community and can lead to life-threatening or permanent loss of function. In addition, since the treatment is performed surgically, the follow-up and treatment process of the patients should be managed carefully in terms of complications and costs. By explaining the mechanisms of the occurrence of this disease, important steps will be taken in terms of both human health and the development of science. Moreover, the data to be collected may open new horizons in the treatment of inguinal hernia. 20 inguinal hernia patients those consecutively applied to Trakya University Medical Faculty Department of Pediatric Surgery and 20 circumcision patients as control group will be included in the study.
Hypnosis is an effective pain management tool for surgery that can reduce opioid use up to 40%. COMT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can predict pain sensitivity and opioid use perioperatively, and may also be associated with hypnotizability or response to hypnotic analgesia. Analyzing COMT haplotypes from DNA extracted from saliva or blood using a giant magnetoresistive (GMR) nanotechnology platform may be faster, less expensive, and at least as accurate as pyrosequencing. This study aims to validate a multi-SNP point-of-care (POC) GMR assay for the rapid genotyping of SNPs predictive of COMT activity, and test the feasibility of using COMT activity as a biomarker for hypnotizability and/or response to hypnotic analgesia.
A novel coronavirus was identified in late 2019 in Wuhan, China On 11 February, The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) announced that the official classification of the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization (WHO) announced on the same day that the official name of the disease caused by the virus is Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19). WHO has declared the infection a Pandemic on March 11, 2020. Based on previous studies on SARS in 2003 and SARS-MERS 2013 there was a genetic polymorphism associated with the susceptibility and severity of the disease. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a cytokine secreted by activated phagocytes and dendritic cells. It plays a pivotal role in promoting Th1-type immune responses and cell-mediated immunity. IL-12 triggers many biological functions: it stimulates the proliferation of activated T- and NK-cells, enhances T- and NK-cell-mediated cytolytic activity, and induces the production of IFN-γ by both T-and NK-cells. The interferon-γ production induced by IL-12 forms a major link between innate and adaptive immunity. A recent study revealed that interferon-mediated immunopathological events are associated with atypical innate and adaptive immune responses in SARS patients. Also, TNF-α is a key mediator of the inflammatory response and is critical for host defense against a wide variety of pathogenic microbes. However, the over-expression of this cytokine may lead to badness in disease recovery. The dual role of TNF, acting as an agent of both innate immunity and inflammatory pathology, poses a considerable challenge for gene regulation.
40-70 healthy volunteers of ages 18 to 65 participate in a E-EPA-diet where 3,9 grams of E-EPA is added to their normal diet and lifestyles for a month. Blood samples will be collected before the study and at weeks 1 and 4 and also, two weeks after finishing the diet. Main study focuses are LDL aggregation susceptibility, lipid composition and proteoglycan binding affinity. In addition, important plasma lipid metabolism enzymes and lipid mediated resolvins are measured as well as several baseline characteristics.
This study aims to identify the optimal method to recognize, risk stratify, and provide follow-up care for individuals at risk of hereditary cancer. The study team will conduct a Hybrid Type II comparative effectiveness-implementation trial, with a mixed methods component and process/formative evaluations for stakeholder engagement. The study team will evaluate three methods for identifying and risk-stratifying individuals at risk of hereditary cancer and providing post-risk stratification longitudinal care.