View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:Legumes are generally recognized as healthy dietary components, and although beans and legumes are recommended in food guidelines in North America, guidelines vary in regards to how much and how often these foods should be consumed. Furthermore, although North American and European guidelines recommend dietary pulses for glycemic control, dietary pulses and other legumes are not specifically suggested for controlling blood pressure and maintaining heart health. To improve evidence-based guidance for legume recommendations, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review of clinical studies to assess the effect of eating legumes in exchange for other foods on blood pressure in humans. The systematic review process allows the combining of the results from many small studies in order to arrive at a pooled estimate, similar to a weighted average, of the true effect. The investigators will be able to explore whether eating legumes has different effects in different demographics, and whether or not the effect of legumes depends on how much/often they are eaten. The findings of this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of Canadians through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of heart disease and diabetes.
Four months of interval walking (IW) training results in substantial weight loss in opposition to energy-expenditure matched continuous walking (CW) training. The reason for this is unclear. This study will assess if IW leads to greater exercise-induced suppression of appetite and ad libitum food intake compared to CW and no exercise. Subjects with type 2 diabetes will be included in a crossover, counter-balanced, controlled study, where each subject will undergo three trials. Trials will be identical except the following interventions: 1. One hour of rest (CON) 2. One hour of interval walking (repeated cycles of 3 min of fast and 3 min of slow walking; IW) 3. One hour of continuous walking (CW) matched to IW with regards to energy-expenditure. After the interventions subjects will undergo a liquid mixed meal tolerance test (450 kCal), with regular measurements of appetite-related hormones (insulin, ghrelin, Leptin, Cholecystokinin, PYY). Three hours into the mixed meal tolerance test, a standardised ad-libitum meal test will be served and intake will recorded. Free-living energy intake via food records will be assessed during the following 32 hours.
The investigators will investigate whether dapagliflozin (FORXIGA) might improve lipoprotein metabolism as well as hyperglycemia in Japanese patients with type II diabetes mellitus whose HbA1c levels are less than 7.0% (from 20 to 65 years of age). The investigators will examine changes of fasting lipoprotein profile including TG, TC, HDL-C, apoB-48 and RemL-C before and after the 8 weeks administration of dapagliflozin.
A low glycemic index (GI) diet has been associated with improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Low glycemic load (GL) diets have been associated in cohort studies with a reduction in both diabetes incidence and CVD events, especially in overweight individuals, and have been recommended by the Canadian, American and European diabetes associations. Life style modification trials have shown that reducing body weight in overweight or obese individuals improves obesity-related risk factors. The process of a systematic review combines the results from many studies in order to arrive at a pooled weighted average of the true effect. The investigators propose to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the highest quality evidence from randomized controlled trials to assess the effect of low GI/GL diets on body weight change. The results of this synthesis will inform clinical practice guidelines and lead to better health outcomes through informing healthcare providers and patients, stimulating industry innovation, and guiding future research.
To evaluate the risk of cardiovascular events associated with medication use for controlling blood glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol levels in men and women with diabetes treated in primary care
To compare treatment with Aspirin Protect® twice a day (100 mg in the morning and 100 mg in the evening) versus Aspirin Protect® 100 mg once per day on a composite end-point of ischemic events in diabetic patients, or in patients with a known risk factor for non-optimal aspirin response (obesity, abdominal obesity or coronary event occurring with long-term aspirin),with acute coronary syndrome. It is expected that aspirin taken twice a day will reduce the occurrence of new ischemic event after acute coronary syndrome in diabetic patients or in patients with a known risk factor.
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence limb fitting in those with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. The population without diabetes will usually present with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and are similar in management following LEA. The impact that not walking with a prosthesis has long term on both populations will be explored. In general, previous research has used retrospective analysis of case notes which, although valuable, have fixed fields and only allow the researcher to look at associations between factors not at causation. Additionally, very few have followed a population over time. Therefore this study will be a prospective observational analysis of all those who undergo a LEA in one year from 01/03/14 to 28/02/15 within the Greater Glasgow & Clyde area with follow up at 6, 12 & 18 months from date of amputation.
The prevention and control of lifestyle-related non-communicable chronic diseases, including diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disorders, that share common risk factors, has now become a major focus of the World Health Organization. Lifestyle modification, like improvement of diet, physical activity and tobacco cessation, is the corner stone of diabetes and cardio-metabolic chronic diseases (CMCD) prevention and management. Under the leadership of decision-makers of our regional health Agency in order to improve accessibility and quality of care, our team has collaborated to the development and implementation of an integrated care framework for the prevention and management of cardio-metabolic chronic diseases in primary care. This new care framework is currently being implemented in the context of community health centers (fall 2014) and family medicine groups (spring 2015), with the support of a Quebec Ministry of Health grant. The current research proposal aims to evaluate the implementation of this new care framework and explore its impact in the primary care context. This project is very important as it will generate knowledge on new models of care integrating preventive and management interventions in primary care settings, in continuum with specialized health care services and their implementation in an entire region.
Pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and their related conditions, adiposity and insulin resistance, are more prevalent in minorities Northern Manhattan compared to the general population of the United States. Despite knowledge of the main biologic determinants of these conditions (high caloric intake and sedentarism) the prevalence of these conditions continue to increase. In addition, these conditions can cause mental health problems including increased depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment. Thus, the investigators decided to conduct a community based study of middle aged Hispanic men and women aged 50 to 64 years at baseline in order to: 1. Document the prevalence and incidence, of pre-diabetes, diabetes, overweight, obesity, and associated conditions (e.g. dyslipidemia, hypertension). 2. Study how social determinants of health (SDOH) affect these conditions. 3. Study the consequences of these conditions on aging and mental health outcomes, including cognitive impairment.
The management of obesity is challenging and obesity surgery is by far the most effective treatment currently available. Recent medical research indicates that it also improves the management of blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Obesity surgery carries different risks and benefits and it is important to balance these by choosing the right procedure for each patient. Therefore new effective strategies to prevent and reduce obesity and its complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus are needed. This study is designed to see whether a new device called the EndoBarrier Gastrointestinal Liner helps patients manage their blood sugar levels and lose weight. It is a randomised, placebo controlled trial which compares the potential of the EndoBarrier device with conventional drug therapy, diet and exercise for obesity related type 2 diabetes, and their effectiveness on metabolic state (HbA1c reduced by 20% and blood pressure below 135/85), weight loss, and quality of life. It will further evaluate whether any other conditions that may be related to obesity could become less severe and collect information about complications to determine the safety of the device. The study will also perform various measurements and tests to understand the underlying mechanism of the device. After an initial screening visit to determine patients eligibility, they will be invited for 14 subsequent visits. Patients will be randomised into either having the EndoBarrier device or standard medical therapy treatment for 12 months followed by another 12 months follow-up period. They will also be routinely seen by specialist dietitian who will provide dietetic support throughout the study.