View clinical trials related to Death, Sudden, Cardiac.
Filter by:The investigators hypothesized that pre-arrival instructions would increase the likelihood of bystanders performing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).
1. Summary Growing evidence suggests that a significant proportion of in-hospital patient deaths occur after serious adverse events (SAE's). Concerns have been raised that too often patients' acute deteriorations, particularly on surgical and medical wards outside critical care settings, are identified too late and corrective actions taken too slowly. Many initiatives have been taken to prevent unexpected death by timely recognition, intervention and resuscitation efforts such as Rapid Response Systems (RRS's). RRS's have been introduced with the intention to prevent SAE's and to improve patient outcome by facilitating early detection of warning signs for clinical deterioration. These systems have four components (1) an afferent limb for detection and response triggering, (2) an efferent limb with medical or nursing response to prevent deterioration (3) a process improvement limb and (4) a governance and administrative structure. It remains uncertain which elements of RRS's contribute most to patient outcomes such as unplanned (re-) admission to the intensive care unit, shock, cardiac arrest and unexpected death. In addition, previous studies found that nurse observation, assessment and communication (afferent limb) are crucial to achieve better patient outcomes, but how to achieve afferent limb sustainability in hospitals is not clear. A previous study investigated 23 hospitals in Flanders (Belgium) about how nurses observe, assess, detect and communicate deteriorating and critical patients in surgical, medical and geriatric wards. Wide variation between hospitals was identified about critical patient intervention procedures, strategies and Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR) orders as well as between nurses about the use and knowledge of critical vital signs and call criteria for physician clinical advice and support. Nurses of hospitals with structured observation and communication protocols were better informed and perceived their communication and collaboration with physicians more favorable in compared to other hospitals. Based on these results conclusions and recommendations for further initiatives were formulated. The proposed Afferent Limb and Response Method intervention study will implement these recommendations guided by a robust scientific research approach to offer evidence to the nursing and medical practice community. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the Afferent Limb Ascertainment and Response Method intervention or ALARM intervention in medical and surgical nursing wards of acute care hospitals on the prevention of SAE's such as in-hospital unexpected death, unplanned ICU-admission and cardiac arrest. 2. Study hypothesis Optimizing and supporting the process of observation, use and interpretation of vital signs, detection, assessment, escalation and communication with a higher level of care in deteriorating patients can prevent serious adverse events (in-hospital unexpected death, unplanned ICU admission and cardiac arrest) in acute care hospitals.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether prolonged paced QRS duration is a marker of sudden cardiac death in subjects with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD).
Study of heterogeneity in associations between heart rate and the initial presentation of 12 cardiovascular diseases.
Worldwide three million people a year die from sudden cardiac death (SCD). In most cases there is no warning and the heart is stopped by a sudden arrhythmia. We know that some people are at high risk of sudden cardiac death and can prevent their deaths with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) that is implanted in a minor operation. However, most people who die from sudden cardiac death are not found to be at high risk by our current risk markers and 40% of the people who have ICDs do not have therapy within the first 4 years after implant. We need new and better ways of identifying people who are at high risk of sudden cardiac death so that we can prevent their deaths with ICDs. Our understanding of the electrical signals in the heart has increased considerably in recent years; in no small part this is due to our Principal Investigator Professor Andre Ng's basic science work. This study aims to take the understanding of action potential duration (APD) restitution gained through our work and other studies in humans and in computer simulations and translate it into a fresh way of assessing risk of sudden cardiac death. This study will carefully examine electrical activity, using APD restitution, in the hearts of patients who are having ICDs fitted because of their high risk of sudden cardiac death and combine this with a detailed heart scan, assessment of autonomic nervous system and gene expression data. We will then follow these patients up to see who benefits from their ICD. This wide ranging information will give us as complete a picture as possible of the factors that cause sudden cardiac death. We hope to use this to identify better predictors of sudden cardiac death. The study hypotheses are as follows: Primary 1. Regional Restitution Instability Index (R2I2) will be significantly higher in patients reaching the endpoint of ventricular endpoint / sudden cardiac death than in those not. 2. An R2I2 cut-off of 1.03 will partition patients into high and low risk groups. Secondary 3. Peri-infarct zone mass in grams will be significantly higher in patients reaching the endpoint of ventricular endpoint / sudden cardiac death than in those not.
Study of heterogeneity in associations between social deprivation and the initial presentation of 12 cardiovascular diseases.
Despite pharmacologic advances for the treatment of congestive heart failure (HF), sudden cardiac death (SCD) and pump failure remain the leading causes of mortality in patients with HF. Although, SCD is poorly understood, implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) have been shown to be an effective, but costly therapy in preventing SCD. At present, left ventricular systolic dysfunction is our best independent predictor of SCD, but only moderately predicts those patients who will eventually benefit from the placement of an ICD and, in most cases, left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is a non-modifiable risk factor once acquired. As a result, there exists an intensive search for biomarkers that could improve the prediction of SCD and have the potential for risk factor modification. Experimental and clinical evidence has established that inflammation plays a critical role in stable coronary disease, plaque rupture, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and SCD. Studies at our institution have demonstrated that elevated levels of hsCRP and Interleukin-6 are predictive of arrhythmic SCD; however, the mechanism of causing this increased risk is unclear. Another well-known risk factor for SCD is abnormal sympathetic innervation. The most robust clinical test of sympathetic innervation to date is Iodine-123 Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging with gamma scintigraphy. MIBG imaging has emerged as one of our strongest predictors of SCD by detecting sympathetic nervous system abnormalities in patients with HF. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that myocardial inflammation adversely affects myocardial innervation. Based on these findings, the investigators hypothesize that elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers are associated with abnormal sympathetic innervation as measured by MIBG imaging. The investigators aim to establish the strength of this association. This proposal will leverage unique access to the largest, most extensively phenotyped cohort of patients who have undergone ICD implantation for primary prevention of SCD, the PRospective Observational Study of the ICD in SCD, (PROSE-ICD).
The aim of the present study is to investigate changes in inflammatory status and incidence of infection after extreme aerobic physical stress (participation in a marathon). In addition, the impact of marathon running on the hemostasis and muscular state will be evaluated. Changes at the inflammatory, muscular, and rheological level will be related to ingestion of oral hydrolytic enzymes and bioflavonoids.
The purpose of this observational study is to assess the risk of out-of-hospital Sudden Cardiac (heart) Death (SCD) associated with current use of domperidone compared to current use of a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), current use of metoclopramide, or non-use of any of these medications.
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to a ventricular arrhythmia is a serious cause of cardiovascular death in Canada. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) offers high-risk patients a treatment option to reduce the incidence of SCD by delivering an internal shock to restore a normal rhythm, if needed. Definitive evidence has established the effectiveness of the ICD for reducing mortality when used as prophylaxis for SCD (a primary prevention indication). Approximately 3,700 new candidates accrue annually. Practice guidelines define the criteria to determine patient ICD candidacy for primary prevention. However, in addition to SCD risk, ICD candidates may have chronic diseases such as diabetes, renal insufficiency, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. Thus, balancing the benefits and risks of an ICD can become complex, particularly when competing mortality risks are present. Research has recognized human costs associated with device complications and shocks affecting psychological, health related quality of life (HRQL), and morbidity outcomes. The complexities surrounding the long-term benefits/risks, complications, replacements, and shocks, warrant decision support to prepare patients to make decisions. In Canada, there is no clear framework to support patients' decision-making in the context of ICD treatment options. Decision support, using a decision aid, could moderate treatment related uncertainty and prepare patients to make active, informed, quality decisions. Objectives: 1) develop a decision aid for ICD candidates to support quality decision-making (informed, deliberate, values-based choices), 2) to evaluate the decision aid, and 3) to determine the feasibility of conducting a trial.